user/sven/linux.git/arch/s390/kernel/stacktrace.c, branch v5.7

s390/livepatch: Implement reliable stack tracing for the consistency model

2019-11-30T09:52:48Z

The livepatch consistency model requires reliable stack tracing architecture support in order to work properly. In order to achieve this, two main issues have to be solved. First, reliable and consistent call chain backtracing has to be ensured. Second, the unwinder needs to be able to detect stack corruptions and return errors. The "zSeries ELF Application Binary Interface Supplement" says: "The stack pointer points to the first word of the lowest allocated stack frame. If the "back chain" is implemented this word will point to the previously allocated stack frame (towards higher addresses), except for the first stack frame, which shall have a back chain of zero (NULL). The stack shall grow downwards, in other words towards lower addresses." "back chain" is optional. GCC option -mbackchain enables it. Quoting Martin Schwidefsky [1]: "The compiler is called with the -mbackchain option, all normal C function will store the backchain in the function prologue. All functions written in assembler code should do the same, if you find one that does not we should fix that. The end result is that a task that *voluntarily* called schedule() should have a proper backchain at all times. Dependent on the use case this may or may not be enough. Asynchronous interrupts may stop the CPU at the beginning of a function, if kernel preemption is enabled we can end up with a broken backchain. The production kernels for IBM Z are all compiled *without* kernel preemption. So yes, we might get away without the objtool support. On a side-note, we do have a line item to implement the ORC unwinder for the kernel, that includes the objtool support. Once we have that we can drop the -mbackchain option for the kernel build. That gives us a nice little performance benefit. I hope that the change from backchain to the ORC unwinder will not be too hard to implement in the livepatch tools." Since -mbackchain is enabled by default when the kernel is compiled, the call chain backtracing should be currently ensured and objtool should not be necessary for livepatch purposes. Regarding the second issue, stack corruptions and non-reliable states have to be recognized by the unwinder. Mainly it means to detect preemption or page faults, the end of the task stack must be reached, return addresses must be valid text addresses and hacks like function graph tracing and kretprobes must be properly detected. Unwinding a running task's stack is not a problem, because there is a livepatch requirement that every checked task is blocked, except for the current task. Due to that, the implementation can be much simpler compared to the existing non-reliable infrastructure. We can consider a task's kernel/thread stack only and skip the other stacks. [1] 20180912121106.31ffa97c@mschwideX1 [not archived on lore.kernel.org] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191106095601.29986-5-mbenes@suse.cz Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens Tested-by: Miroslav Benes Signed-off-by: Miroslav Benes Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik

s390/stacktrace: use common arch_stack_walk infrastructure

2019-08-21T10:58:53Z

Use common arch_stack_walk infrastructure to avoid duplicated code and avoid taking care of the stack storage and filtering. Common code also uses try_get_task_stack/put_task_stack when needed which have been missing in our code, which also solves potential problem for us. Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik

Merge tag 's390-5.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux

2019-05-06T23:42:54Z

Pull s390 updates from Martin Schwidefsky: - Support for kernel address space layout randomization - Add support for kernel image signature verification - Convert s390 to the generic get_user_pages_fast code - Convert s390 to the stack unwind API analog to x86 - Add support for CPU directed interrupts for PCI devices - Provide support for MIO instructions to the PCI base layer, this will allow the use of direct PCI mappings in user space code - Add the basic KVM guest ultravisor interface for protected VMs - Add AT_HWCAP bits for several new hardware capabilities - Update the CPU measurement facility counter definitions to SVN 6 - Arnds cleanup patches for his quest to get LLVM compiles working - A vfio-ccw update with bug fixes and support for halt and clear - Improvements for the hardware TRNG code - Another round of cleanup for the QDIO layer - Numerous cleanups and bug fixes * tag 's390-5.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: (98 commits) s390/vdso: drop unnecessary cc-ldoption s390: fix clang -Wpointer-sign warnigns in boot code s390: drop CONFIG_VIRT_TO_BUS s390: boot, purgatory: pass $(CLANG_FLAGS) where needed s390: only build for new CPUs with clang s390: simplify disabled_wait s390/ftrace: use HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_RET_ADDR_PTR s390/unwind: introduce stack unwind API s390/opcodes: add missing instructions to the disassembler s390/bug: add entry size to the __bug_table section s390: use proper expoline sections for .dma code s390/nospec: rename assembler generated expoline thunks s390: add missing ENDPROC statements to assembler functions locking/lockdep: check for freed initmem in static_obj() s390/kernel: add support for kernel address space layout randomization (KASLR) s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections s390/sclp: do not use static sccbs s390/kprobes: use static buffer for insn_page s390/kernel: convert SYSCALL and PGM_CHECK handlers to .quad s390/kernel: build a relocatable kernel ...

s390/unwind: introduce stack unwind API

2019-05-02T11:54:11Z

Rework the dump_trace() stack unwinder interface to support different unwinding algorithms. The new interface looks like this: struct unwind_state state; unwind_for_each_frame(&state, task, regs, start_stack) do_something(state.sp, state.ip, state.reliable); The unwind_bc.c file contains the implementation for the classic back-chain unwinder. One positive side effect of the new code is it now handles ftraced functions gracefully. It prints the real name of the return function instead of 'return_to_handler'. Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky

s390/stacktrace: Remove the pointless ULONG_MAX marker

2019-04-14T17:58:29Z

Terminating the last trace entry with ULONG_MAX is a completely pointless exercise and none of the consumers can rely on it because it's inconsistently implemented across architectures. In fact quite some of the callers remove the entry and adjust stack_trace.nr_entries afterwards. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: Alexander Potapenko Cc: Martin Schwidefsky Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org Cc: Heiko Carstens Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190410103644.396788431@linutronix.de

s390: kernel: add SPDX identifiers to the remaining files

2017-11-24T14:37:12Z

It's good to have SPDX identifiers in all files to make it easier to audit the kernel tree for correct licenses. Update the arch/s390/kernel/ files with the correct SPDX license identifier based on the license text in the file itself. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This work is based on a script and data from Thomas Gleixner, Philippe Ombredanne, and Kate Stewart. Cc: Martin Schwidefsky Cc: Heiko Carstens Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo Cc: Alexander Shishkin Cc: Jiri Olsa Cc: Namhyung Kim Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Kate Stewart Cc: Philippe Ombredanne Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky

sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to

2017-03-02T07:42:34Z

We are going to split out of , which will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files. Create a trivial placeholder file that just maps to to make this patch obviously correct and bisectable. Include the new header in the files that are going to need it. Acked-by: Linus Torvalds Cc: Mike Galbraith Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

s390: kernel: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h

2017-02-17T06:40:31Z

Historically a lot of these existed because we did not have a distinction between what was modular code and what was providing support to modules via EXPORT_SYMBOL and friends. That changed when we forked out support for the latter into the export.h file. This means we should be able to reduce the usage of module.h in code that is obj-y Makefile or bool Kconfig. The advantage in doing so is that module.h itself sources about 15 other headers; adding significantly to what we feed cpp, and it can obscure what headers we are effectively using. Since module.h was the source for init.h (for __init) and for export.h (for EXPORT_SYMBOL) we consider each change instance for the presence of either and replace as needed. Build testing revealed some implicit header usage that was fixed up accordingly. Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky

s390/dumpstack: restore reliable indicator for call traces

2016-10-17T12:44:30Z

Before merging all different stack tracers the call traces printed had an indicator if an entry can be considered reliable or not. Unreliable entries were put in braces, reliable not. Currently all lines contain these extra braces. This patch restores the old behaviour by adding an extra "reliable" parameter to the callback functions. Only show_trace makes currently use of it. Before: [ 0.804751] Call Trace: [ 0.804753] ([<000000000017d0e0>] try_to_wake_up+0x318/0x5e0) [ 0.804756] ([<0000000000161d64>] create_worker+0x174/0x1c0) After: [ 0.804751] Call Trace: [ 0.804753] ([<000000000017d0e0>] try_to_wake_up+0x318/0x5e0) [ 0.804756] [<0000000000161d64>] create_worker+0x174/0x1c0 Fixes: 758d39ebd3d5 ("s390/dumpstack: merge all four stack tracers") Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky

s390/dumpstack: merge all four stack tracers

2016-02-23T07:56:20Z

We have four different stack tracers of which three had bugs. So it's time to merge them to a single stack tracer which allows to specify a call back function which will be called for each step. This patch changes behavior a bit: - the "nosched" and "in_sched_functions" check within save_stack_trace_tsk did work only for the last stack frame within a context. Now it considers the check for each stack frame like it should. - both the oprofile variant and the perf_events variant did save a return address twice if a zero back chain was detected, which indicates an interrupt frame. The new dump_trace function will call the oprofile and perf_events backends with the psw address that is contained within the corresponding pt_regs structure instead. - the original show_trace and save_context_stack functions did already use the psw address of the pt_regs structure if a zero back chain was detected. However now we ignore the psw address if it is a user space address. After all we trace the kernel stack and not the user space stack. This way we also get rid of the garbage user space address in case of warnings and / or panic call traces. So this should make life easier since now there is only one stack tracer left which we can break. Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky