<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>user/sven/linux.git/drivers/video/console, branch v4.14.242</title>
<subtitle>Linux Kernel
</subtitle>
<id>https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/atom?h=v4.14.242</id>
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<updated>2021-05-26T09:47:01Z</updated>
<entry>
<title>vt: Fix character height handling with VT_RESIZEX</title>
<updated>2021-05-26T09:47:01Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Maciej W. Rozycki</name>
<email>macro@orcam.me.uk</email>
</author>
<published>2021-05-13T09:51:50Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=0f7412c1319aaea2ee80efcce2ae60a9fcc49d49'/>
<id>urn:sha1:0f7412c1319aaea2ee80efcce2ae60a9fcc49d49</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 860dafa902595fb5f1d23bbcce1215188c3341e6 upstream.

Restore the original intent of the VT_RESIZEX ioctl's `v_clin' parameter
which is the number of pixel rows per character (cell) rather than the
height of the font used.

For framebuffer devices the two values are always the same, because the
former is inferred from the latter one.  For VGA used as a true text
mode device these two parameters are independent from each other: the
number of pixel rows per character is set in the CRT controller, while
font height is in fact hardwired to 32 pixel rows and fonts of heights
below that value are handled by padding their data with blanks when
loaded to hardware for use by the character generator.  One can change
the setting in the CRT controller and it will update the screen contents
accordingly regardless of the font loaded.

The `v_clin' parameter is used by the `vgacon' driver to set the height
of the character cell and then the cursor position within.  Make the
parameter explicit then, by defining a new `vc_cell_height' struct
member of `vc_data', set it instead of `vc_font.height' from `v_clin' in
the VT_RESIZEX ioctl, and then use it throughout the `vgacon' driver
except where actual font data is accessed which as noted above is
independent from the CRTC setting.

This way the framebuffer console driver is free to ignore the `v_clin'
parameter as irrelevant, as it always should have, avoiding any issues
attempts to give the parameter a meaning there could have caused, such
as one that has led to commit 988d0763361b ("vt_ioctl: make VT_RESIZEX
behave like VT_RESIZE"):

 "syzbot is reporting UAF/OOB read at bit_putcs()/soft_cursor() [1][2],
  for vt_resizex() from ioctl(VT_RESIZEX) allows setting font height
  larger than actual font height calculated by con_font_set() from
  ioctl(PIO_FONT). Since fbcon_set_font() from con_font_set() allocates
  minimal amount of memory based on actual font height calculated by
  con_font_set(), use of vt_resizex() can cause UAF/OOB read for font
  data."

The problem first appeared around Linux 2.5.66 which predates our repo
history, but the origin could be identified with the old MIPS/Linux repo
also at: &lt;git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ralf/linux.git&gt;
as commit 9736a3546de7 ("Merge with Linux 2.5.66."), where VT_RESIZEX
code in `vt_ioctl' was updated as follows:

 		if (clin)
-			video_font_height = clin;
+			vc-&gt;vc_font.height = clin;

making the parameter apply to framebuffer devices as well, perhaps due
to the use of "font" in the name of the original `video_font_height'
variable.  Use "cell" in the new struct member then to avoid ambiguity.

References:

[1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=32577e96d88447ded2d3b76d71254fb855245837
[2] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=6b8355d27b2b94fb5cedf4655e3a59162d9e48e3

Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki &lt;macro@orcam.me.uk&gt;
Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v2.6.12+
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vgacon: Record video mode changes with VT_RESIZEX</title>
<updated>2021-05-26T09:47:01Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Maciej W. Rozycki</name>
<email>macro@orcam.me.uk</email>
</author>
<published>2021-05-13T09:51:41Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=19a58d940385f2cd7bbb59789f7d4e32ad6af4dc'/>
<id>urn:sha1:19a58d940385f2cd7bbb59789f7d4e32ad6af4dc</id>
<content type='text'>
commit d4d0ad57b3865795c4cde2fb5094c594c2e8f469 upstream.

Fix an issue with VGA console font size changes made after the initial
video text mode has been changed with a user tool like `svgatextmode'
calling the VT_RESIZEX ioctl.  As it stands in that case the original
screen geometry continues being used to validate further VT resizing.

Consequently when the video adapter is firstly reprogrammed from the
original say 80x25 text mode using a 9x16 character cell (720x400 pixel
resolution) to say 80x37 text mode and the same character cell (720x592
pixel resolution), and secondly the CRTC character cell updated to 9x8
(by loading a suitable font with the KD_FONT_OP_SET request of the
KDFONTOP ioctl), the VT geometry does not get further updated from 80x37
and only upper half of the screen is used for the VT, with the lower
half showing rubbish corresponding to whatever happens to be there in
the video memory that maps to that part of the screen.  Of course the
proportions change according to text mode geometries and font sizes
chosen.

Address the problem then, by updating the text mode geometry defaults
rather than checking against them whenever the VT is resized via a user
ioctl.

Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki &lt;macro@orcam.me.uk&gt;
Fixes: e400b6ec4ede ("vt/vgacon: Check if screen resize request comes from userspace")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v2.6.24+
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>fbdev, newport_con: Move FONT_EXTRA_WORDS macros into linux/font.h</title>
<updated>2020-10-14T07:51:10Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Peilin Ye</name>
<email>yepeilin.cs@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2020-09-24T13:40:53Z</published>
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<id>urn:sha1:052841a35d32c4c3084e07749cdd5c6b412d6ed2</id>
<content type='text'>
commit bb0890b4cd7f8203e3aa99c6d0f062d6acdaad27 upstream.

drivers/video/console/newport_con.c is borrowing FONT_EXTRA_WORDS macros
from drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcon.h. To keep things simple, move all
definitions into &lt;linux/font.h&gt;.

Since newport_con now uses four extra words, initialize the fourth word in
newport_set_font() properly.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Peilin Ye &lt;yepeilin.cs@gmail.com&gt;
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter &lt;daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch&gt;
Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/7fb8bc9b0abc676ada6b7ac0e0bd443499357267.1600953813.git.yepeilin.cs@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vgacon: remove software scrollback support</title>
<updated>2020-09-23T08:46:31Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Linus Torvalds</name>
<email>torvalds@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2020-09-09T21:53:50Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=34c050b531a72639e61a3be24b608604753f885a'/>
<id>urn:sha1:34c050b531a72639e61a3be24b608604753f885a</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 973c096f6a85e5b5f2a295126ba6928d9a6afd45 upstream.

Yunhai Zhang recently fixed a VGA software scrollback bug in commit
ebfdfeeae8c0 ("vgacon: Fix for missing check in scrollback handling"),
but that then made people look more closely at some of this code, and
there were more problems on the vgacon side, but also the fbcon software
scrollback.

We don't really have anybody who maintains this code - probably because
nobody actually _uses_ it any more.  Sure, people still use both VGA and
the framebuffer consoles, but they are no longer the main user
interfaces to the kernel, and haven't been for decades, so these kinds
of extra features end up bitrotting and not really being used.

So rather than try to maintain a likely unused set of code, I'll just
aggressively remove it, and see if anybody even notices.  Maybe there
are people who haven't jumped on the whole GUI badnwagon yet, and think
it's just a fad.  And maybe those people use the scrollback code.

If that turns out to be the case, we can resurrect this again, once
we've found the sucker^Wmaintainer for it who actually uses it.

Reported-by: NopNop Nop &lt;nopitydays@gmail.com&gt;
Tested-by: Willy Tarreau &lt;w@1wt.eu&gt;
Cc: 张云海 &lt;zhangyunhai@nsfocus.com&gt;
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski &lt;luto@amacapital.net&gt;
Acked-by: Willy Tarreau &lt;w@1wt.eu&gt;
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>console: newport_con: fix an issue about leak related system resources</title>
<updated>2020-08-21T07:48:07Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Dejin Zheng</name>
<email>zhengdejin5@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2020-04-23T16:42:51Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=93a7e1d1fc4ba3e76ec82bc905a9fc152d73d033'/>
<id>urn:sha1:93a7e1d1fc4ba3e76ec82bc905a9fc152d73d033</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit fd4b8243877250c05bb24af7fea5567110c9720b ]

A call of the function do_take_over_console() can fail here.
The corresponding system resources were not released then.
Thus add a call of iounmap() and release_mem_region()
together with the check of a failure predicate. and also
add release_mem_region() on device removal.

Fixes: e86bb8acc0fdc ("[PATCH] VT binding: Make newport_con support binding")
Suggested-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz &lt;b.zolnierkie@samsung.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Dejin Zheng &lt;zhengdejin5@gmail.com&gt;
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko &lt;andy.shevchenko@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@osdl.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz &lt;b.zolnierkie@samsung.com&gt;
Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/20200423164251.3349-1-zhengdejin5@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vgacon: Fix for missing check in scrollback handling</title>
<updated>2020-08-21T07:47:58Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Yunhai Zhang</name>
<email>zhangyunhai@nsfocus.com</email>
</author>
<published>2020-07-28T01:58:03Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=041a5a238a1e31992b5f22ef4f9792729d3b46ca'/>
<id>urn:sha1:041a5a238a1e31992b5f22ef4f9792729d3b46ca</id>
<content type='text'>
commit ebfdfeeae8c01fcb2b3b74ffaf03876e20835d2d upstream.

vgacon_scrollback_update() always leaves enbough room in the scrollback
buffer for the next call, but if the console size changed that room
might not actually be enough, and so we need to re-check.

The check should be in the loop since vgacon_scrollback_cur-&gt;tail is
updated in the loop and count may be more than 1 when triggered by CSI M,
as Jiri's PoC:
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;
#include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
        int fd = open("/dev/tty1", O_RDWR);
        unsigned short size[3] = {25, 200, 0};
        ioctl(fd, 0x5609, size); // VT_RESIZE

        write(fd, "\e[1;1H", 6);
        for (int i = 0; i &lt; 30; i++)
                write(fd, "\e[10M", 5);
}

It leads to various crashes as vgacon_scrollback_update writes out of
the buffer:
 BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffc900001752a0
 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
 #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
 RIP: 0010:mutex_unlock+0x13/0x30
...
 Call Trace:
  n_tty_write+0x1a0/0x4d0
  tty_write+0x1a0/0x2e0

Or to KASAN reports:
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in vgacon_scroll+0x57a/0x8ed

This fixes CVE-2020-14331.

Reported-by: 张云海 &lt;zhangyunhai@nsfocus.com&gt;
Reported-by: Yang Yingliang &lt;yangyingliang@huawei.com&gt;
Reported-by: Kyungtae Kim &lt;kt0755@gmail.com&gt;
Fixes: 15bdab959c9b ([PATCH] vgacon: Add support for soft scrollback)
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-fbdev@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Solar Designer &lt;solar@openwall.com&gt;
Cc: "Srivatsa S. Bhat" &lt;srivatsa@csail.mit.edu&gt;
Cc: Anthony Liguori &lt;aliguori@amazon.com&gt;
Cc: Yang Yingliang &lt;yangyingliang@huawei.com&gt;
Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz &lt;b.zolnierkie@samsung.com&gt;
Cc: Jiri Slaby &lt;jirislaby@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Yunhai Zhang &lt;zhangyunhai@nsfocus.com&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/9fb43895-ca91-9b07-ebfd-808cf854ca95@nsfocus.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vgacon: Fix a UAF in vgacon_invert_region</title>
<updated>2020-03-11T17:03:02Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Zhang Xiaoxu</name>
<email>zhangxiaoxu5@huawei.com</email>
</author>
<published>2020-03-04T02:24:29Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=1855aaccd74cb9528c24ceb6bc15358a411f65ff'/>
<id>urn:sha1:1855aaccd74cb9528c24ceb6bc15358a411f65ff</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 513dc792d6060d5ef572e43852683097a8420f56 upstream.

When syzkaller tests, there is a UAF:
  BUG: KASan: use after free in vgacon_invert_region+0x9d/0x110 at addr
    ffff880000100000
  Read of size 2 by task syz-executor.1/16489
  page:ffffea0000004000 count:0 mapcount:-127 mapping:          (null)
  index:0x0
  page flags: 0xfffff00000000()
  page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
  CPU: 1 PID: 16489 Comm: syz-executor.1 Not tainted
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS
  rel-1.9.3-0-ge2fc41e-prebuilt.qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
  Call Trace:
    [&lt;ffffffffb119f309&gt;] dump_stack+0x1e/0x20
    [&lt;ffffffffb04af957&gt;] kasan_report+0x577/0x950
    [&lt;ffffffffb04ae652&gt;] __asan_load2+0x62/0x80
    [&lt;ffffffffb090f26d&gt;] vgacon_invert_region+0x9d/0x110
    [&lt;ffffffffb0a39d95&gt;] invert_screen+0xe5/0x470
    [&lt;ffffffffb0a21dcb&gt;] set_selection+0x44b/0x12f0
    [&lt;ffffffffb0a3bfae&gt;] tioclinux+0xee/0x490
    [&lt;ffffffffb0a1d114&gt;] vt_ioctl+0xff4/0x2670
    [&lt;ffffffffb0a0089a&gt;] tty_ioctl+0x46a/0x1a10
    [&lt;ffffffffb052db3d&gt;] do_vfs_ioctl+0x5bd/0xc40
    [&lt;ffffffffb052e2f2&gt;] SyS_ioctl+0x132/0x170
    [&lt;ffffffffb11c9b1b&gt;] system_call_fastpath+0x22/0x27
    Memory state around the buggy address:
     ffff8800000fff00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
     00 00
     ffff8800000fff80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
     00 00 00
    &gt;ffff880000100000: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff
     ff ff ff

It can be reproduce in the linux mainline by the program:
  #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
  #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
  #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
  #include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
  #include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;
  #include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;
  #include &lt;sys/ioctl.h&gt;
  #include &lt;linux/vt.h&gt;

  struct tiocl_selection {
    unsigned short xs;      /* X start */
    unsigned short ys;      /* Y start */
    unsigned short xe;      /* X end */
    unsigned short ye;      /* Y end */
    unsigned short sel_mode; /* selection mode */
  };

  #define TIOCL_SETSEL    2
  struct tiocl {
    unsigned char type;
    unsigned char pad;
    struct tiocl_selection sel;
  };

  int main()
  {
    int fd = 0;
    const char *dev = "/dev/char/4:1";

    struct vt_consize v = {0};
    struct tiocl tioc = {0};

    fd = open(dev, O_RDWR, 0);

    v.v_rows = 3346;
    ioctl(fd, VT_RESIZEX, &amp;v);

    tioc.type = TIOCL_SETSEL;
    ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, &amp;tioc);

    return 0;
  }

When resize the screen, update the 'vc-&gt;vc_size_row' to the new_row_size,
but when 'set_origin' in 'vgacon_set_origin', vgacon use 'vga_vram_base'
for 'vc_origin' and 'vc_visible_origin', not 'vc_screenbuf'. It maybe
smaller than 'vc_screenbuf'. When TIOCLINUX, use the new_row_size to calc
the offset, it maybe larger than the vga_vram_size in vgacon driver, then
bad access.
Also, if set an larger screenbuf firstly, then set an more larger
screenbuf, when copy old_origin to new_origin, a bad access may happen.

So, If the screen size larger than vga_vram, resize screen should be
failed. This alse fix CVE-2020-8649 and CVE-2020-8647.

Linus pointed out that overflow checking seems absent. We're saved by
the existing bounds checks in vc_do_resize() with rather strict
limits:

	if (cols &gt; VC_RESIZE_MAXCOL || lines &gt; VC_RESIZE_MAXROW)
		return -EINVAL;

Fixes: 0aec4867dca14 ("[PATCH] SVGATextMode fix")
Reference: CVE-2020-8647 and CVE-2020-8649
Reported-by: Hulk Robot &lt;hulkci@huawei.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Zhang Xiaoxu &lt;zhangxiaoxu5@huawei.com&gt;
[danvet: augment commit message to point out overflow safety]
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter &lt;daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch&gt;
Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/20200304022429.37738-1-zhangxiaoxu5@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vgacon: Set VGA struct resource types</title>
<updated>2018-03-24T10:01:25Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Bjorn Helgaas</name>
<email>bhelgaas@google.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-12-01T17:06:39Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=f7eda23c2990bc2107fdb01ceb2957b36b4bf5e2'/>
<id>urn:sha1:f7eda23c2990bc2107fdb01ceb2957b36b4bf5e2</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit c82084117f79bcae085e40da526253736a247120 ]

Set the resource type when we reserve VGA-related I/O port resources.

The resource code doesn't actually look at the type, so it inserts
resources without a type in the tree correctly even without this change.
But if we ever print a resource without a type, it looks like this:

  vga+ [??? 0x000003c0-0x000003df flags 0x0]

Setting the type means it will be printed correctly as:

  vga+ [io  0x000003c0-0x000003df]

Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas &lt;bhelgaas@google.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;alexander.levin@microsoft.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>console/dummy: leave .con_font_get set to NULL</title>
<updated>2018-02-22T14:42:28Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Nicolas Pitre</name>
<email>nicolas.pitre@linaro.org</email>
</author>
<published>2018-01-15T16:04:22Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=3711b5c568cd651ca78d6623d5c0fc839eac9499'/>
<id>urn:sha1:3711b5c568cd651ca78d6623d5c0fc839eac9499</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 724ba8b30b044aa0d94b1cd374fc15806cdd6f18 upstream.

When this method is set, the caller expects struct console_font fields
to be properly initialized when it returns. Leave it unset otherwise
nonsensical (leaked kernel stack) values are returned to user space.

Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre &lt;nico@linaro.org&gt;
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz &lt;b.zolnierkie@samsung.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;

</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license</title>
<updated>2017-11-02T10:10:55Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Greg Kroah-Hartman</name>
<email>gregkh@linuxfoundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-01T14:07:57Z</published>
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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode &amp; Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained &gt;5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if &lt;5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart &lt;kstewart@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne &lt;pombredanne@nexb.com&gt;
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
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