user/sven/linux.git/include/asm-generic/unaligned.h, branch v4.15

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

2017-11-02T10:10:55Z

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

asm-generic: allow generic unaligned access if the arch supports it

2014-05-08T08:22:23Z

Switch the default unaligned access method to 'hardware implemented' if HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS is set. Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann

asm-generic: add generic versions of common headers

2009-06-11T19:02:37Z

These are all kernel internal interfaces that get copied around a lot. In most cases, architectures can provide their own optimized versions, but these generic versions can work as well. I have tried to use the most common contents of each header to allow existing architectures to migrate easily. Thanks to Remis for suggesting a number of cleanups. Signed-off-by: Remis Lima Baima Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann

kernel: Move arches to use common unaligned access

2008-04-29T15:06:27Z

Unaligned access is ok for the following arches: cris, m68k, mn10300, powerpc, s390, x86 Arches that use the memmove implementation for native endian, and the byteshifting for the opposite endianness. h8300, m32r, xtensa Packed struct for native endian, byteshifting for other endian: alpha, blackfin, ia64, parisc, sparc, sparc64, mips, sh m86knommu is generic_be for Coldfire, otherwise unaligned access is ok. frv, arm chooses endianness based on compiler settings, uses the byteshifting versions. Remove the unaligned trap handler from frv as it is now unused. v850 is le, uses the byteshifting versions for both be and le. Remove the now unused asm-generic implementation. Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison Acked-by: David S. Miller Cc: Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

use val in get_unaligned

2007-07-31T22:39:42Z

Use "__val" rather than "val" in the __get_unaligned macro in asm-generic/unaligned.h. This way gcc wont warn if you happen to also name something in the same scope "val". Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

saner typechecking in generic unaligned.h

2007-07-17T18:01:07Z

Verify that types would match for assignment (under sizeof, so we are safe from side effects or any code actually getting generated), then explicitly cast everywhere to the fixed-sized types. Kills a bunch of bogus warnings about constants being truncated (gcc, sparse), finds a pile of endianness problems hidden by old noise (sparse). Signed-off-by: Al Viro Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

[PATCH] __get_unaligned() gcc-4 fix

2006-03-08T22:14:00Z

If the 'ptr' is a const, this code cause "assignment of read-only variable" error on gcc 4.x. Use __u64 instead of __typeof__(*(ptr)) for temporary variable to get rid of errors on gcc 4.x. Signed-off-by: Atsushi Nemoto Cc: Ralf Baechle Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

[PATCH] optimise 64bit unaligned access on 32bit kernel

2005-09-07T23:57:36Z

I've rewriten Atushi's fix for the 64-bit put_unaligned on 32-bit systems bug to generate more efficient code. This case has buzilla URL http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5138. Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

[PATCH] __get_unaligned() turned into macro

2005-04-24T19:28:35Z

Turns __get_unaligned() and __put_unaligned into macros. That is definitely safe; leaving them as inlines breaks on e.g. alpha [try to build ncpfs there and you'll get unresolved symbols since we end up getting __get_unaligned() not inlined]. Signed-off-by: Al Viro Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

[ARCH]: Consolidate portable unaligned.h implementations.

2005-03-17T05:54:31Z

Several architectures do their asm/unaligned.h support support by simply casting the pointer to a packed strcuture, then deref'ing that pointer. This forces gcc to assume the object is not aligned properly. This technique originated in Richard Henderson's asm-alpha/unaligned.h, IA64 uses the same technique as well. This works well on RISC systems for two reasons: 1) On systems like Alpha, MIPS, et al. which have special "load unaligned" instructions, GCC knows to emit them for code like this. 2) Even on systems without explicit unaligned load/store instruction support, the code emitted (basically, byte loads with shifts and ors) is about the same as what you get when emitting a memmove() call and you don't need the local stack slot. I was going to thus move asm-sparc64/unaligned.h over to such a scheme, but then I noticed that nobody actually includes the current memmove() based asm-generic/unaligned.h code. So why not put the portable packed structure implementation into asm-generic/unaligned.h and then make asm-{alpha,ia64,sparc64}/unaligned.h simply include that? I only had to make minor modifications to the alpha header when placing it into the generic area. In particular I had to convert some explicit "unsigned long", "unsigned int" et al. into the arch-agnostic "u64" "u32" etc. so that even 32-bit platforms could use this. Come to think of it I'll make sparc32 use this as well. I looked at all the other platform unaligned.h headers: I386/X86_64: can do unaligned loads directly ARM: is trying to be incredibly clever, and open codes the shifts and ors. I think it would be better if it used something similar to the packed structure technique. CRIS: like x86, can do unaligned stuff directly. FRV: needs help doing unaligned stuff, it probably also could use the packed structure stuff. H8300: needs help, could use this new asm-generic/unaligned.h header M32R: likewise M68K: can do unaligned access directly. MIPS: appears to be a copy of the original alpha/ia64 unaligned.h header, so I converted it to use the new asm-generic/unaligned.h too PARISC: is just a copy of asm-sparc/unaligned.h, so I converted it over to use asm-generic/unaligned.h too PPC/PPC64: can do unaligned access directly in big-endian mode which is what the Linux kernel runs in S390: can do it directly as well SH/SH64: just has the memmove() code ala asm-sparc/unaligned.h, I converted it to use asm-generic/unaligned.h V850: has some clever code just like ARM, so I didn't touch it. So this is the patch I came up with. Signed-off-by: David S. Miller