user/sven/linux.git/include/linux/cpufreq.h, branch v3.16.52

cpufreq: make table sentinel macros unsigned to match use

2014-07-18T00:56:38Z

Commit 5eeaf1f18973 (cpufreq: Fix build error on some platforms that use cpufreq_for_each_*) moved function cpufreq_next_valid() to a public header. Warnings are now generated when objects including that header are built with -Wsign-compare (as an out-of-tree module might be): .../include/linux/cpufreq.h: In function ‘cpufreq_next_valid’: .../include/linux/cpufreq.h:519:27: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare] while ((*pos)->frequency != CPUFREQ_TABLE_END) ^ .../include/linux/cpufreq.h:520:25: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare] if ((*pos)->frequency != CPUFREQ_ENTRY_INVALID) ^ Constants CPUFREQ_ENTRY_INVALID and CPUFREQ_TABLE_END are signed, but are used with unsigned member 'frequency' of cpufreq_frequency_table. Update the macro definitions to be explicitly unsigned to match their use. This also corrects potentially wrong behavior of clk_rate_table_iter() if unsigned long is wider than usigned int. Fixes: 5eeaf1f18973 (cpufreq: Fix build error on some platforms that use cpufreq_for_each_*) Signed-off-by: Brian W Hart Reviewed-by: Simon Horman Acked-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: add support for intermediate (stable) frequencies

2014-06-05T21:32:29Z

Douglas Anderson, recently pointed out an interesting problem due to which udelay() was expiring earlier than it should. While transitioning between frequencies few platforms may temporarily switch to a stable frequency, waiting for the main PLL to stabilize. For example: When we transition between very low frequencies on exynos, like between 200MHz and 300MHz, we may temporarily switch to a PLL running at 800MHz. No CPUFREQ notification is sent for that. That means there's a period of time when we're running at 800MHz but loops_per_jiffy is calibrated at between 200MHz and 300MHz. And so udelay behaves badly. To get this fixed in a generic way, introduce another set of callbacks get_intermediate() and target_intermediate(), only for drivers with target_index() and CPUFREQ_ASYNC_NOTIFICATION unset. get_intermediate() should return a stable intermediate frequency platform wants to switch to, and target_intermediate() should set CPU to that frequency, before jumping to the frequency corresponding to 'index'. Core will take care of sending notifications and driver doesn't have to handle them in target_intermediate() or target_index(). NOTE: ->target_index() should restore to policy->restore_freq in case of failures as core would send notifications for that. Tested-by: Stephen Warren Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar Reviewed-by: Doug Anderson Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: Fix build error on some platforms that use cpufreq_for_each_*

2014-05-08T11:10:56Z

On platforms that use cpufreq_for_each_* macros, build fails if CONFIG_CPU_FREQ=n, e.g. ARM/shmobile/koelsch/non-multiplatform: drivers/built-in.o: In function `clk_round_parent': clkdev.c:(.text+0xcf168): undefined reference to `cpufreq_next_valid' drivers/built-in.o: In function `clk_rate_table_find': clkdev.c:(.text+0xcf820): undefined reference to `cpufreq_next_valid' make[3]: *** [vmlinux] Error 1 Fix this making cpufreq_next_valid function inline and move it to cpufreq.h. Fixes: 27e289dce297 (cpufreq: Introduce macros for cpufreq_frequency_table iteration) Reported-and-tested-by: Geert Uytterhoeven Signed-off-by: Stratos Karafotis Acked-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

PM / OPP: Move cpufreq specific OPP functions out of generic OPP library

2014-05-06T22:39:03Z

CPUFreq specific helper functions for OPP (Operating Performance Points) now use generic OPP functions that allow CPUFreq to be be moved back into CPUFreq framework. This allows for independent modifications or future enhancements as needed isolated to just CPUFreq framework alone. Here, we just move relevant code and documentation to make this part of CPUFreq infrastructure. Cc: Kevin Hilman Signed-off-by: Nishanth Menon Acked-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: Catch double invocations of cpufreq_freq_transition_begin/end

2014-05-06T22:32:39Z

Some cpufreq drivers were redundantly invoking the _begin() and _end() APIs around frequency transitions, and this double invocation (one from the cpufreq core and the other from the cpufreq driver) used to result in a self-deadlock, leading to system hangs during boot. (The _begin() API makes contending callers wait until the previous invocation is complete. Hence, the cpufreq driver would end up waiting on itself!). Now all such drivers have been fixed, but debugging this issue was not very straight-forward (even lockdep didn't catch this). So let us add a debug infrastructure to the cpufreq core to catch such issues more easily in the future. We add a new field called 'transition_task' to the policy structure, to keep track of the task which is performing the frequency transition. Using this field, we make note of this task during _begin() and print a warning if we find a case where the same task is calling _begin() again, before completing the previous frequency transition using the corresponding _end(). We have left out ASYNC_NOTIFICATION drivers from this debug infrastructure for 2 reasons: 1. At the moment, we have no way to avoid a particular scenario where this debug infrastructure can emit false-positive warnings for such drivers. The scenario is depicted below: Task A Task B /* 1st freq transition */ Invoke _begin() { ... ... } Change the frequency /* 2nd freq transition */ Invoke _begin() { ... //waiting for B to ... //finish _end() for ... //the 1st transition ... | Got interrupt for successful ... | change of frequency (1st one). ... | ... | /* 1st freq transition */ ... | Invoke _end() { ... | ... ... V } ... ... } This scenario is actually deadlock-free because, once Task A changes the frequency, it is Task B's responsibility to invoke the corresponding _end() for the 1st frequency transition. Hence it is perfectly legal for Task A to go ahead and attempt another frequency transition in the meantime. (Of course it won't be able to proceed until Task B finishes the 1st _end(), but this doesn't cause a deadlock or a hang). The debug infrastructure cannot handle this scenario and will treat it as a deadlock and print a warning. To avoid this, we exclude such drivers from the purview of this code. 2. Luckily, we don't _need_ this infrastructure for ASYNC_NOTIFICATION drivers at all! The cpufreq core does not automatically invoke the _begin() and _end() APIs during frequency transitions in such drivers. Thus, the driver alone is responsible for invoking _begin()/_end() and hence there shouldn't be any conflicts which lead to double invocations. So, we can skip these drivers, since the probability that such drivers will hit this problem is extremely low, as outlined above. Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat Acked-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: Introduce macros for cpufreq_frequency_table iteration

2014-04-29T22:05:31Z

Many cpufreq drivers need to iterate over the cpufreq_frequency_table for various tasks. This patch introduces two macros which can be used for iteration over cpufreq_frequency_table keeping a common coding style across drivers: - cpufreq_for_each_entry: iterate over each entry of the table - cpufreq_for_each_valid_entry: iterate over each entry that contains a valid frequency. It should have no functional changes. Signed-off-by: Stratos Karafotis Acked-by: Lad, Prabhakar Acked-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: create another field .flags in cpufreq_frequency_table

2014-04-07T12:43:50Z

Currently cpufreq frequency table has two fields: frequency and driver_data. driver_data is only for drivers' internal use and cpufreq core shouldn't use it at all. But with the introduction of BOOST frequencies, this assumption was broken and we started using it as a flag instead. There are two problems due to this: - It is against the description of this field, as driver's data is used by the core now. - if drivers fill it with -3 for any frequency, then those frequencies are never considered by cpufreq core as it is exactly same as value of CPUFREQ_BOOST_FREQ, i.e. ~2. The best way to get this fixed is by creating another field flags which will be used for such flags. This patch does that. Along with that various drivers need modifications due to the change of struct cpufreq_frequency_table. Reviewed-by: Gautham R Shenoy Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: Make cpufreq_notify_transition & cpufreq_notify_post_transition static

2014-03-26T15:41:41Z

cpufreq_notify_transition() and cpufreq_notify_post_transition() shouldn't be called directly by cpufreq drivers anymore and so these should be marked static. Reviewed-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: Make sure frequency transitions are serialized

2014-03-26T15:41:40Z

Whenever we change the frequency of a CPU, we call the PRECHANGE and POSTCHANGE notifiers. They must be serialized, i.e. PRECHANGE and POSTCHANGE notifiers should strictly alternate, thereby preventing two different sets of PRECHANGE or POSTCHANGE notifiers from interleaving arbitrarily. The following examples illustrate why this is important: Scenario 1: ----------- A thread reading the value of cpuinfo_cur_freq, will call __cpufreq_cpu_get()->cpufreq_out_of_sync()->cpufreq_notify_transition() The ondemand governor can decide to change the frequency of the CPU at the same time and hence it can end up sending the notifications via ->target(). If the notifiers are not serialized, the following sequence can occur: - PRECHANGE Notification for freq A (from cpuinfo_cur_freq) - PRECHANGE Notification for freq B (from target()) - Freq changed by target() to B - POSTCHANGE Notification for freq B - POSTCHANGE Notification for freq A We can see from the above that the last POSTCHANGE Notification happens for freq A but the hardware is set to run at freq B. Where would we break then?: adjust_jiffies() in cpufreq.c & cpufreq_callback() in arch/arm/kernel/smp.c (which also adjusts the jiffies). All the loops_per_jiffy calculations will get messed up. Scenario 2: ----------- The governor calls __cpufreq_driver_target() to change the frequency. At the same time, if we change scaling_{min|max}_freq from sysfs, it will end up calling the governor's CPUFREQ_GOV_LIMITS notification, which will also call __cpufreq_driver_target(). And hence we end up issuing concurrent calls to ->target(). Typically, platforms have the following logic in their ->target() routines: (Eg: cpufreq-cpu0, omap, exynos, etc) A. If new freq is more than old: Increase voltage B. Change freq C. If new freq is less than old: decrease voltage Now, if the two concurrent calls to ->target() are X and Y, where X is trying to increase the freq and Y is trying to decrease it, we get the following race condition: X.A: voltage gets increased for larger freq Y.A: nothing happens Y.B: freq gets decreased Y.C: voltage gets decreased X.B: freq gets increased X.C: nothing happens Thus we can end up setting a freq which is not supported by the voltage we have set. That will probably make the clock to the CPU unstable and the system might not work properly anymore. This patch introduces a set of synchronization primitives to serialize frequency transitions, which are to be used as shown below: cpufreq_freq_transition_begin(); //Perform the frequency change cpufreq_freq_transition_end(); The _begin() call sends the PRECHANGE notification whereas the _end() call sends the POSTCHANGE notification. Also, all the necessary synchronization is handled within these calls. In particular, even drivers which set the ASYNC_NOTIFICATION flag can also use these APIs for performing frequency transitions (ie., you can call _begin() from one task, and call the corresponding _end() from a different task). The actual synchronization underneath is not that complicated: The key challenge is to allow drivers to begin the transition from one thread and end it in a completely different thread (this is to enable drivers that do asynchronous POSTCHANGE notification from bottom-halves, to also use the same interface). To achieve this, a 'transition_ongoing' flag, a 'transition_lock' spinlock and a wait-queue are added per-policy. The flag and the wait-queue are used in conjunction to create an "uninterrupted flow" from _begin() to _end(). The spinlock is used to ensure that only one such "flow" is in flight at any given time. Put together, this provides us all the necessary synchronization. Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki

cpufreq: Add stop CPU callback to cpufreq_driver interface

2014-03-20T02:50:12Z

This callback allows the driver to do clean up before the CPU is completely down and its state cannot be modified. This is used by the intel_pstate driver to reduce the requested P state prior to the core going away. This is required because the requested P state of the offline core is used to select the package P state. This effectively sets the floor package P state to the requested P state on the offline core. Signed-off-by: Dirk Brandewie [rjw: Minor modifications] Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki