user/sven/linux.git/include/linux/kallsyms.h, branch v5.15.103

module: add printk formats to add module build ID to stacktraces

2021-07-08T18:48:22Z

Let's make kernel stacktraces easier to identify by including the build ID[1] of a module if the stacktrace is printing a symbol from a module. This makes it simpler for developers to locate a kernel module's full debuginfo for a particular stacktrace. Combined with scripts/decode_stracktrace.sh, a developer can download the matching debuginfo from a debuginfod[2] server and find the exact file and line number for the functions plus offsets in a stacktrace that match the module. This is especially useful for pstore crash debugging where the kernel crashes are recorded in something like console-ramoops and the recovery kernel/modules are different or the debuginfo doesn't exist on the device due to space concerns (the debuginfo can be too large for space limited devices). Originally, I put this on the %pS format, but that was quickly rejected given that %pS is used in other places such as ftrace where build IDs aren't meaningful. There was some discussions on the list to put every module build ID into the "Modules linked in:" section of the stacktrace message but that quickly becomes very hard to read once you have more than three or four modules linked in. It also provides too much information when we don't expect each module to be traversed in a stacktrace. Having the build ID for modules that aren't important just makes things messy. Splitting it to multiple lines for each module quickly explodes the number of lines printed in an oops too, possibly wrapping the warning off the console. And finally, trying to stash away each module used in a callstack to provide the ID of each symbol printed is cumbersome and would require changes to each architecture to stash away modules and return their build IDs once unwinding has completed. Instead, we opt for the simpler approach of introducing new printk formats '%pS[R]b' for "pointer symbolic backtrace with module build ID" and '%pBb' for "pointer backtrace with module build ID" and then updating the few places in the architecture layer where the stacktrace is printed to use this new format. Before: Call trace: lkdtm_WARNING+0x28/0x30 [lkdtm] direct_entry+0x16c/0x1b4 [lkdtm] full_proxy_write+0x74/0xa4 vfs_write+0xec/0x2e8 After: Call trace: lkdtm_WARNING+0x28/0x30 [lkdtm 6c2215028606bda50de823490723dc4bc5bf46f9] direct_entry+0x16c/0x1b4 [lkdtm 6c2215028606bda50de823490723dc4bc5bf46f9] full_proxy_write+0x74/0xa4 vfs_write+0xec/0x2e8 [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build with CONFIG_MODULES=n, tweak code layout] [rdunlap@infradead.org: fix build when CONFIG_MODULES is not set] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210513171510.20328-1-rdunlap@infradead.org [akpm@linux-foundation.org: make kallsyms_lookup_buildid() static] [cuibixuan@huawei.com: fix build error when CONFIG_SYSFS is disabled] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210525105049.34804-1-cuibixuan@huawei.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210511003845.2429846-6-swboyd@chromium.org Link: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/FeatureBuildId [1] Link: https://sourceware.org/elfutils/Debuginfod.html [2] Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd Signed-off-by: Bixuan Cui Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap Cc: Jiri Olsa Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: Jessica Yu Cc: Evan Green Cc: Hsin-Yi Wang Cc: Petr Mladek Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Andy Shevchenko Cc: Rasmus Villemoes Cc: Matthew Wilcox Cc: Baoquan He Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Dave Young Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov Cc: Sasha Levin Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Vivek Goyal Cc: Will Deacon Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

kallsyms: only build {,module_}kallsyms_on_each_symbol when required

2021-02-08T11:24:04Z

kallsyms_on_each_symbol and module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol are only used by the livepatching code, so don't build them if livepatching is not enabled. Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig Signed-off-by: Jessica Yu

kallsyms: Refactor kallsyms_show_value() to take cred

2020-07-08T22:59:57Z

In order to perform future tests against the cred saved during open(), switch kallsyms_show_value() to operate on a cred, and have all current callers pass current_cred(). This makes it very obvious where callers are checking the wrong credential in their "read" contexts. These will be fixed in the coming patches. Additionally switch return value to bool, since it is always used as a direct permission check, not a 0-on-success, negative-on-error style function return. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

kallsyms/printk: add loglvl to print_ip_sym()

2020-06-09T16:39:10Z

Patch series "Add log level to show_stack()", v3. Add log level argument to show_stack(). Done in three stages: 1. Introducing show_stack_loglvl() for every architecture 2. Migrating old users with an explicit log level 3. Renaming show_stack_loglvl() into show_stack() Justification: - It's a design mistake to move a business-logic decision into platform realization detail. - I have currently two patches sets that would benefit from this work: Removing console_loglevel jumps in sysrq driver [1] Hung task warning before panic [2] - suggested by Tetsuo (but he probably didn't realise what it would involve). - While doing (1), (2) the backtraces were adjusted to headers and other messages for each situation - so there won't be a situation when the backtrace is printed, but the headers are missing because they have lesser log level (or the reverse). - As the result in (2) plays with console_loglevel for kdb are removed. The least important for upstream, but maybe still worth to note that every company I've worked in so far had an off-list patch to print backtrace with the needed log level (but only for the architecture they cared about). If you have other ideas how you will benefit from show_stack() with a log level - please, reply to this cover letter. See also discussion on v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/20191106083538.z5nlpuf64cigxigh@pathway.suse.cz/ This patch (of 50): print_ip_sym() needs to have a log level parameter to comply with other parts being printed. Otherwise, half of the expected backtrace would be printed and other may be missing with some logging level. The following callee(s) are using now the adjusted log level: - microblaze/unwind: the same level as headers & userspace unwind. Note that pr_debug()'s there are for debugging the unwinder itself. - nds32/traps: symbol addresses are printed with the same log level as backtrace headers. - lockdep: ip for locking issues is printed with the same log level as other part of the warning. - sched: ip where preemption was disabled is printed as error like the rest part of the message. - ftrace: bug reports are now consistent in the log level being used. Signed-off-by: Dmitry Safonov Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) Cc: Albert Ou Cc: Ben Segall Cc: Dietmar Eggemann Cc: Greentime Hu Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: James Hogan Cc: Juri Lelli Cc: Mel Gorman Cc: Michal Simek Cc: Palmer Dabbelt Cc: Paul Burton Cc: Paul Walmsley Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Ralf Baechle Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Vincent Chen Cc: Vincent Guittot Cc: Will Deacon Cc: Dmitry Safonov <0x7f454c46@gmail.com> Cc: Dmitry Safonov Cc: Jiri Slaby Cc: Petr Mladek Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky Cc: Matt Turner Cc: Richard Henderson Cc: Vineet Gupta Cc: Russell King Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot Cc: Mark Salter Cc: Guo Ren Cc: Yoshinori Sato Cc: Brian Cain Cc: Fenghua Yu Cc: Tony Luck Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven Cc: Ley Foon Tan Cc: Jonas Bonn Cc: Stafford Horne Cc: Stefan Kristiansson Cc: Helge Deller Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt Cc: Michael Ellerman Cc: Paul Mackerras Cc: Christian Borntraeger Cc: Heiko Carstens Cc: Vasily Gorbik Cc: Rich Felker Cc: "David S. Miller" Cc: Anton Ivanov Cc: Jeff Dike Cc: Richard Weinberger Cc: Guan Xuetao Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" Cc: Chris Zankel Cc: Max Filippov Cc: Len Brown Cc: Pavel Machek Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" Cc: Daniel Thompson Cc: Douglas Anderson Cc: Jason Wessel Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200418201944.482088-2-dima@arista.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

kallsyms: let print_ip_sym() print raw addresses

2018-02-07T02:32:45Z

print_ip_sym() is mostly used for debugging, so I think it should print the raw addresses. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1514519382-405-1-git-send-email-chenhc@lemote.com Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Fuxin Zhang Cc: "Tobin C. Harding" Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk

2018-02-01T21:36:15Z

Pull printk updates from Petr Mladek: - Add a console_msg_format command line option: The value "default" keeps the old "[time stamp] text\n" format. The value "syslog" allows to see the syslog-like "[timestamp] text" format. This feature was requested by people doing regression tests, for example, 0day robot. They want to have both filtered and full logs at hands. - Reduce the risk of softlockup: Pass the console owner in a busy loop. This is a new approach to the old problem. It was first proposed by Steven Rostedt on Kernel Summit 2017. It marks a context in which the console_lock owner calls console drivers and could not sleep. On the other side, printk() callers could detect this state and use a busy wait instead of a simple console_trylock(). Finally, the console_lock owner checks if there is a busy waiter at the end of the special context and eventually passes the console_lock to the waiter. The hand-off works surprisingly well and helps in many situations. Well, there is still a possibility of the softlockup, for example, when the flood of messages stops and the last owner still has too much to flush. There is increasing number of people having problems with printk-related softlockups. We might eventually need to get better solution. Anyway, this looks like a good start and promising direction. - Do not allow to schedule in console_unlock() called from printk(): This reverts an older controversial commit. The reschedule helped to avoid softlockups. But it also slowed down the console output. This patch is obsoleted by the new console waiter logic described above. In fact, the reschedule made the hand-off less effective. - Deprecate "%pf" and "%pF" format specifier: It was needed on ia64, ppc64 and parisc64 to dereference function descriptors and show the real function address. It is done transparently by "%ps" and "pS" format specifier now. Sergey Senozhatsky found that all the function descriptors were in a special elf section and could be easily detected. - Remove printk_symbol() API: It has been obsoleted by "%pS" format specifier, and this change helped to remove few continuous lines and a less intuitive old API. - Remove redundant memsets: Sergey removed unnecessary memset when processing printk.devkmsg command line option. * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk: (27 commits) printk: drop redundant devkmsg_log_str memsets printk: Never set console_may_schedule in console_trylock() printk: Hide console waiter logic into helpers printk: Add console owner and waiter logic to load balance console writes kallsyms: remove print_symbol() function checkpatch: add pF/pf deprecation warning symbol lookup: introduce dereference_symbol_descriptor() parisc64: Add .opd based function descriptor dereference powerpc64: Add .opd based function descriptor dereference ia64: Add .opd based function descriptor dereference sections: split dereference_function_descriptor() openrisc: Fix conflicting types for _exext and _stext lib: do not use print_symbol() irq debug: do not use print_symbol() sysfs: do not use print_symbol() drivers: do not use print_symbol() x86: do not use print_symbol() unicore32: do not use print_symbol() sh: do not use print_symbol() mn10300: do not use print_symbol() ...

Merge branch 'for-4.16-print-symbol' into for-4.16

2018-01-22T09:40:50Z

kallsyms: remove print_symbol() function

2018-01-16T15:59:55Z

No more print_symbol()/__print_symbol() users left, remove these symbols. It was a very old API that encouraged people use continuous lines. It had been obsoleted by %pS format specifier in a normal printk() call. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180105102538.GC471@jagdpanzerIV Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Russell King Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Mark Salter Cc: Tony Luck Cc: David Howells Cc: Yoshinori Sato Cc: Guan Xuetao Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Vineet Gupta Cc: Fengguang Wu Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: LKML Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-c6x-dev@linux-c6x.org Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-am33-list@redhat.com Cc: linux-sh@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-edac@vger.kernel.org Cc: x86@kernel.org Cc: linux-snps-arc@lists.infradead.org Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky Suggested-by: Joe Perches [pmladek@suse.com: updated commit message] Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek

symbol lookup: introduce dereference_symbol_descriptor()

2018-01-09T09:45:38Z

dereference_symbol_descriptor() invokes appropriate ARCH specific function descriptor dereference callbacks: - dereference_kernel_function_descriptor() if the pointer is a kernel symbol; - dereference_module_function_descriptor() if the pointer is a module symbol. This is the last step needed to make '%pS/%ps' smart enough to handle function descriptor dereference on affected ARCHs and to retire '%pF/%pf'. To refresh it: Some architectures (ia64, ppc64, parisc64) use an indirect pointer for C function pointers - the function pointer points to a function descriptor and we need to dereference it to get the actual function pointer. Function descriptors live in .opd elf section and all affected ARCHs (ia64, ppc64, parisc64) handle it properly for kernel and modules. So we, technically, can decide if the dereference is needed by simply looking at the pointer: if it belongs to .opd section then we need to dereference it. The kernel and modules have their own .opd sections, obviously, that's why we need to split dereference_function_descriptor() and use separate kernel and module dereference arch callbacks. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171206043649.GB15885@jagdpanzerIV Cc: Fenghua Yu Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt Cc: Paul Mackerras Cc: Michael Ellerman Cc: James Bottomley Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Jessica Yu Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky Tested-by: Tony Luck #ia64 Tested-by: Santosh Sivaraj #powerpc Tested-by: Helge Deller #parisc64 Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek

kallsyms: take advantage of the new '%px' format

2017-11-29T18:30:13Z

The conditional kallsym hex printing used a special fixed-width '%lx' output (KALLSYM_FMT) in preparation for the hashing of %p, but that series ended up adding a %px specifier to help with the conversions. Use it, and avoid the "print pointer as an unsigned long" code. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds