user/sven/linux.git/include/linux/livepatch.h, branch v5.4.171

Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/livepatching/livepatching

2019-07-11T22:30:05Z

Pull livepatching updates from Jiri Kosina: - stacktrace handling improvements from Miroslav benes - debug output improvements from Petr Mladek * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/livepatching/livepatching: livepatch: Remove duplicate warning about missing reliable stacktrace support Revert "livepatch: Remove reliable stacktrace check in klp_try_switch_task()" stacktrace: Remove weak version of save_stack_trace_tsk_reliable() livepatch: Use static buffer for debugging messages under rq lock livepatch: Remove stale kobj_added entries from kernel-doc descriptions

treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 13

2019-05-21T09:28:45Z

Based on 2 normalized pattern(s): this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at your option any later version this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details you should have received a copy of the gnu general public license along with this program if not see http www gnu org licenses this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at your option any later version this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details [based] [from] [clk] [highbank] [c] you should have received a copy of the gnu general public license along with this program if not see http www gnu org licenses extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier GPL-2.0-or-later has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 355 file(s). Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Jilayne Lovejoy Reviewed-by: Steve Winslow Reviewed-by: Allison Randal Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190519154041.837383322@linutronix.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

livepatch: Remove stale kobj_added entries from kernel-doc descriptions

2019-05-09T15:21:06Z

Commit 4d141ab3416d ("livepatch: Remove custom kobject state handling") removed kobj_added members of klp_func, klp_object and klp_patch structures. kernel-doc descriptions were omitted by accident. Remove them. Reported-by: Kamalesh Babulal Signed-off-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Joe Lawrence Reviewed-by: Kamalesh Babulal Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Remove custom kobject state handling

2019-05-03T19:11:22Z

kobject_init() always succeeds and sets the reference count to 1. It allows to always free the structures via kobject_put() and the related release callback. Note that the custom kobject state handling was used only because we did not know that kobject_put() can and actually should get called even when kobject_init_and_add() fails. The patch should not change the existing behavior. Suggested-by: "Tobin C. Harding" Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Reviewed-by: Kamalesh Babulal Acked-by: Joe Lawrence Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Add atomic replace

2019-01-11T19:51:24Z

Sometimes we would like to revert a particular fix. Currently, this is not easy because we want to keep all other fixes active and we could revert only the last applied patch. One solution would be to apply new patch that implemented all the reverted functions like in the original code. It would work as expected but there will be unnecessary redirections. In addition, it would also require knowing which functions need to be reverted at build time. Another problem is when there are many patches that touch the same functions. There might be dependencies between patches that are not enforced on the kernel side. Also it might be pretty hard to actually prepare the patch and ensure compatibility with the other patches. Atomic replace && cumulative patches: A better solution would be to create cumulative patch and say that it replaces all older ones. This patch adds a new "replace" flag to struct klp_patch. When it is enabled, a set of 'nop' klp_func will be dynamically created for all functions that are already being patched but that will no longer be modified by the new patch. They are used as a new target during the patch transition. The idea is to handle Nops' structures like the static ones. When the dynamic structures are allocated, we initialize all values that are normally statically defined. The only exception is "new_func" in struct klp_func. It has to point to the original function and the address is known only when the object (module) is loaded. Note that we really need to set it. The address is used, for example, in klp_check_stack_func(). Nevertheless we still need to distinguish the dynamically allocated structures in some operations. For this, we add "nop" flag into struct klp_func and "dynamic" flag into struct klp_object. They need special handling in the following situations: + The structures are added into the lists of objects and functions immediately. In fact, the lists were created for this purpose. + The address of the original function is known only when the patched object (module) is loaded. Therefore it is copied later in klp_init_object_loaded(). + The ftrace handler must not set PC to func->new_func. It would cause infinite loop because the address points back to the beginning of the original function. + The various free() functions must free the structure itself. Note that other ways to detect the dynamic structures are not considered safe. For example, even the statically defined struct klp_object might include empty funcs array. It might be there just to run some callbacks. Also note that the safe iterator must be used in the free() functions. Otherwise already freed structures might get accessed. Special callbacks handling: The callbacks from the replaced patches are _not_ called by intention. It would be pretty hard to define a reasonable semantic and implement it. It might even be counter-productive. The new patch is cumulative. It is supposed to include most of the changes from older patches. In most cases, it will not want to call pre_unpatch() post_unpatch() callbacks from the replaced patches. It would disable/break things for no good reasons. Also it should be easier to handle various scenarios in a single script in the new patch than think about interactions caused by running many scripts from older patches. Not to say that the old scripts even would not expect to be called in this situation. Removing replaced patches: One nice effect of the cumulative patches is that the code from the older patches is no longer used. Therefore the replaced patches can be removed. It has several advantages: + Nops' structs will no longer be necessary and might be removed. This would save memory, restore performance (no ftrace handler), allow clear view on what is really patched. + Disabling the patch will cause using the original code everywhere. Therefore the livepatch callbacks could handle only one scenario. Note that the complication is already complex enough when the patch gets enabled. It is currently solved by calling callbacks only from the new cumulative patch. + The state is clean in both the sysfs interface and lsmod. The modules with the replaced livepatches might even get removed from the system. Some people actually expected this behavior from the beginning. After all a cumulative patch is supposed to "completely" replace an existing one. It is like when a new version of an application replaces an older one. This patch does the first step. It removes the replaced patches from the list of patches. It is safe. The consistency model ensures that they are no longer used. By other words, each process works only with the structures from klp_transition_patch. The removal is done by a special function. It combines actions done by __disable_patch() and klp_complete_transition(). But it is a fast track without all the transaction-related stuff. Signed-off-by: Jason Baron [pmladek@suse.com: Split, reuse existing code, simplified] Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Jessica Yu Cc: Jiri Kosina Cc: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Use lists to manage patches, objects and functions

2019-01-11T19:51:24Z

Currently klp_patch contains a pointer to a statically allocated array of struct klp_object and struct klp_objects contains a pointer to a statically allocated array of klp_func. In order to allow for the dynamic allocation of objects and functions, link klp_patch, klp_object, and klp_func together via linked lists. This allows us to more easily allocate new objects and functions, while having the iterator be a simple linked list walk. The static structures are added to the lists early. It allows to add the dynamically allocated objects before klp_init_object() and klp_init_func() calls. Therefore it reduces the further changes to the code. This patch does not change the existing behavior. Signed-off-by: Jason Baron [pmladek@suse.com: Initialize lists before init calls] Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Joe Lawrence Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Jiri Kosina Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Simplify API by removing registration step

2019-01-11T19:51:24Z

The possibility to re-enable a registered patch was useful for immediate patches where the livepatch module had to stay until the system reboot. The improved consistency model allows to achieve the same result by unloading and loading the livepatch module again. Also we are going to add a feature called atomic replace. It will allow to create a patch that would replace all already registered patches. The aim is to handle dependent patches more securely. It will obsolete the stack of patches that helped to handle the dependencies so far. Then it might be unclear when a cumulative patch re-enabling is safe. It would be complicated to support the many modes. Instead we could actually make the API and code easier to understand. Therefore, remove the two step public API. All the checks and init calls are moved from klp_register_patch() to klp_enabled_patch(). Also the patch is automatically freed, including the sysfs interface when the transition to the disabled state is completed. As a result, there is never a disabled patch on the top of the stack. Therefore we do not need to check the stack in __klp_enable_patch(). And we could simplify the check in __klp_disable_patch(). Also the API and logic is much easier. It is enough to call klp_enable_patch() in module_init() call. The patch can be disabled by writing '0' into /sys/kernel/livepatch//enabled. Then the module can be removed once the transition finishes and sysfs interface is freed. The only problem is how to free the structures and kobjects safely. The operation is triggered from the sysfs interface. We could not put the related kobject from there because it would cause lock inversion between klp_mutex and kernfs locks, see kn->count lockdep map. Therefore, offload the free task to a workqueue. It is perfectly fine: + The patch can no longer be used in the livepatch operations. + The module could not be removed until the free operation finishes and module_put() is called. + The operation is asynchronous already when the first klp_try_complete_transition() fails and another call is queued with a delay. Suggested-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Don't block the removal of patches loaded after a forced transition

2019-01-11T19:51:24Z

module_put() is currently never called in klp_complete_transition() when klp_force is set. As a result, we might keep the reference count even when klp_enable_patch() fails and klp_cancel_transition() is called. This might give the impression that a module might get blocked in some strange init state. Fortunately, it is not the case. The reference count is ignored when mod->init fails and erroneous modules are always removed. Anyway, this might be confusing. Instead, this patch moves the global klp_forced flag into struct klp_patch. As a result, we block only modules that might still be in use after a forced transition. Newly loaded livepatches might be eventually completely removed later. It is not a big deal. But the code is at least consistent with the reality. Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Joe Lawrence Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Consolidate klp_free functions

2019-01-11T19:51:23Z

The code for freeing livepatch structures is a bit scattered and tricky: + direct calls to klp_free_*_limited() and kobject_put() are used to release partially initialized objects + klp_free_patch() removes the patch from the public list and releases all objects except for patch->kobj + object_put(&patch->kobj) and the related wait_for_completion() are called directly outside klp_mutex; this code is duplicated; Now, we are going to remove the registration stage to simplify the API and the code. This would require handling more situations in klp_enable_patch() error paths. More importantly, we are going to add a feature called atomic replace. It will need to dynamically create func and object structures. We will want to reuse the existing init() and free() functions. This would create even more error path scenarios. This patch implements more straightforward free functions: + checks kobj_added flag instead of @limit[*] + initializes patch->list early so that the check for empty list always works + The action(s) that has to be done outside klp_mutex are done in separate klp_free_patch_finish() function. It waits only when patch->kobj was really released via the _start() part. The patch does not change the existing behavior. [*] We need our own flag to track that the kobject was successfully added to the hierarchy. Note that kobj.state_initialized only indicates that kobject has been initialized, not whether is has been added (and needs to be removed on cleanup). Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Miroslav Benes Cc: Jessica Yu Cc: Jiri Kosina Cc: Jason Baron Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Change unsigned long old_addr -> void *old_func in struct klp_func

2019-01-11T19:51:23Z

The address of the to be patched function and new function is stored in struct klp_func as: void *new_func; unsigned long old_addr; The different naming scheme and type are derived from the way the addresses are set. @old_addr is assigned at runtime using kallsyms-based search. @new_func is statically initialized, for example: static struct klp_func funcs[] = { { .old_name = "cmdline_proc_show", .new_func = livepatch_cmdline_proc_show, }, { } }; This patch changes unsigned long old_addr -> void *old_func. It removes some confusion when these address are later used in the code. It is motivated by a followup patch that adds special NOP struct klp_func where we want to assign func->new_func = func->old_addr respectively func->new_func = func->old_func. This patch does not modify the existing behavior. Suggested-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Joe Lawrence Acked-by: Alice Ferrazzi Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina