user/sven/linux.git/include/linux/random.h, branch v5.5-rc2

fdt: add support for rng-seed

2019-08-23T15:39:26Z

Introducing a chosen node, rng-seed, which is an entropy that can be passed to kernel called very early to increase initial device randomness. Bootloader should provide this entropy and the value is read from /chosen/rng-seed in DT. Obtain of_fdt_crc32 for CRC check after early_init_dt_scan_nodes(), since early_init_dt_scan_chosen() would modify fdt to erase rng-seed. Add a new interface add_bootloader_randomness() for rng-seed use case. Depends on whether the seed is trustworthy, rng seed would be passed to add_hwgenerator_randomness(). Otherwise it would be passed to add_device_randomness(). Decision is controlled by kernel config RANDOM_TRUST_BOOTLOADER. Signed-off-by: Hsin-Yi Wang Reviewed-by: Stephen Boyd Reviewed-by: Rob Herring Reviewed-by: Theodore Ts'o # drivers/char/random.c Signed-off-by: Will Deacon

Merge tag 's390-5.2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux

2019-05-17T17:08:59Z

Pull more s390 updates from Martin Schwidefsky: - Enhancements for the QDIO layer - Remove the RCP trace event - Avoid three build issues - Move the defconfig to the configs directory * tag 's390-5.2-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: s390: move arch/s390/defconfig to arch/s390/configs/defconfig s390/qdio: optimize state inspection of HW-owned SBALs s390/qdio: use get_buf_state() in debug_get_buf_state() s390/qdio: allow to scan all Output SBALs in one go s390/cio: Remove tracing for rchp instruction s390/kasan: adapt disabled_wait usage to avoid build error latent_entropy: avoid build error when plugin cflags are not set s390/boot: fix compiler error due to missing awk strtonum

latent_entropy: avoid build error when plugin cflags are not set

2019-05-08T06:15:52Z

Some architectures set up CFLAGS for linux decompressor phase from scratch and do not include GCC_PLUGINS_CFLAGS. Since "latent_entropy" variable declaration is generated by the plugin code itself including linux/random.h in decompressor code then would cause a build error. E.g. on s390: In file included from ./include/linux/net.h:22, from ./include/linux/skbuff.h:29, from ./include/linux/if_ether.h:23, from ./arch/s390/include/asm/diag.h:12, from arch/s390/boot/startup.c:8: ./include/linux/random.h: In function 'add_latent_entropy': ./include/linux/random.h:26:39: error: 'latent_entropy' undeclared (first use in this function); did you mean 'add_latent_entropy'? 26 | add_device_randomness((const void *)&latent_entropy, | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | add_latent_entropy ./include/linux/random.h:26:39: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in The build error is triggered by commit a80313ff91ab ("s390/kernel: introduce .dma sections") which made it into 5.2 merge window. To address that avoid using CONFIG_GCC_PLUGIN_LATENT_ENTROPY in favour of LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN definition which is defined as a part of gcc plugins cflags and hence reflect more accurately when gcc plugin is active. Besides that it is also used for similar purpose in linux/compiler-gcc.h for latent_entropy attribute definition. Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik Acked-by: Kees Cook Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky

random: move rand_initialize() earlier

2019-04-20T03:27:05Z

Right now rand_initialize() is run as an early_initcall(), but it only depends on timekeeping_init() (for mixing ktime_get_real() into the pools). However, the call to boot_init_stack_canary() for stack canary initialization runs earlier, which triggers a warning at boot: random: get_random_bytes called from start_kernel+0x357/0x548 with crng_init=0 Instead, this moves rand_initialize() to after timekeeping_init(), and moves canary initialization here as well. Note that this warning may still remain for machines that do not have UEFI RNG support (which initializes the RNG pools during setup_arch()), or for x86 machines without RDRAND (or booting without "random.trust=on" or CONFIG_RANDOM_TRUST_CPU=y). Signed-off-by: Kees Cook Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o

random: Make crng state queryable

2018-08-02T21:33:06Z

It is very useful to be able to know whether or not get_random_bytes_wait / wait_for_random_bytes is going to block or not, or whether plain get_random_bytes is going to return good randomness or bad randomness. The particular use case is for mitigating certain attacks in WireGuard. A handshake packet arrives and is queued up. Elsewhere a worker thread takes items from the queue and processes them. In replying to these items, it needs to use some random data, and it has to be good random data. If we simply block until we can have good randomness, then it's possible for an attacker to fill the queue up with packets waiting to be processed. Upon realizing the queue is full, WireGuard will detect that it's under a denial of service attack, and behave accordingly. A better approach is just to drop incoming handshake packets if the crng is not yet initialized. This patch, therefore, makes that information directly accessible. Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o

random: Return nbytes filled from hw RNG

2018-07-18T01:32:48Z

Currently the function get_random_bytes_arch() has return value 'void'. If the hw RNG fails we currently fall back to using get_random_bytes(). This defeats the purpose of requesting random material from the hw RNG in the first place. There are currently no intree users of get_random_bytes_arch(). Only get random bytes from the hw RNG, make function return the number of bytes retrieved from the hw RNG. Acked-by: Theodore Ts'o Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) Signed-off-by: Tobin C. Harding Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o

random: always fill buffer in get_random_bytes_wait

2018-02-28T22:59:21Z

In the unfortunate event that a developer fails to check the return value of get_random_bytes_wait, or simply wants to make a "best effort" attempt, for whatever that's worth, it's much better to still fill the buffer with _something_ rather than catastrophically failing in the case of an interruption. This is both a defense in depth measure against inevitable programming bugs, as well as a means of making the API a bit more useful. Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

2017-11-02T10:10:55Z

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

Merge tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random

2017-07-15T19:44:02Z

Pull random updates from Ted Ts'o: "Add wait_for_random_bytes() and get_random_*_wait() functions so that callers can more safely get random bytes if they can block until the CRNG is initialized. Also print a warning if get_random_*() is called before the CRNG is initialized. By default, only one single-line warning will be printed per boot. If CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM is defined, then a warning will be printed for each function which tries to get random bytes before the CRNG is initialized. This can get spammy for certain architecture types, so it is not enabled by default" * tag 'random_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/random: random: reorder READ_ONCE() in get_random_uXX random: suppress spammy warnings about unseeded randomness random: warn when kernel uses unseeded randomness net/route: use get_random_int for random counter net/neighbor: use get_random_u32 for 32-bit hash random rhashtable: use get_random_u32 for hash_rnd ceph: ensure RNG is seeded before using iscsi: ensure RNG is seeded before use cifs: use get_random_u32 for 32-bit lock random random: add get_random_{bytes,u32,u64,int,long,once}_wait family random: add wait_for_random_bytes() API

random,stackprotect: introduce get_random_canary function

2017-07-12T23:26:03Z

Patch series "stackprotector: ascii armor the stack canary", v2. Zero out the first byte of the stack canary value on 64 bit systems, in order to mitigate unterminated C string overflows. The null byte both prevents C string functions from reading the canary, and from writing it if the canary value were guessed or obtained through some other means. Reducing the entropy by 8 bits is acceptable on 64-bit systems, which will still have 56 bits of entropy left, but not on 32 bit systems, so the "ascii armor" canary is only implemented on 64-bit systems. Inspired by the "ascii armor" code in execshield and Daniel Micay's linux-hardened tree. Also see https://github.com/thestinger/linux-hardened/ This patch (of 5): Introduce get_random_canary(), which provides a random unsigned long canary value with the first byte zeroed out on 64 bit architectures, in order to mitigate non-terminated C string overflows. The null byte both prevents C string functions from reading the canary, and from writing it if the canary value were guessed or obtained through some other means. Reducing the entropy by 8 bits is acceptable on 64-bit systems, which will still have 56 bits of entropy left, but not on 32 bit systems, so the "ascii armor" canary is only implemented on 64-bit systems. Inspired by the "ascii armor" code in the old execshield patches, and Daniel Micay's linux-hardened tree. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524155751.424-2-riel@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel Acked-by: Kees Cook Cc: Daniel Micay Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Yoshinori Sato Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds