user/sven/linux.git/include/linux/rwsem.h, branch v5.5-rc2

locking/rwsem: Check for operations on an uninitialized rwsem

2019-08-06T10:49:15Z

Currently rwsems is the only locking primitive that lacks this debug feature. Add it under CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS and do the magic checking in the locking fastpath (trylock) operation such that we cover all cases. The unlocking part is pretty straightforward. Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Acked-by: Waiman Long Cc: mingo@kernel.org Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190729044735.9632-1-dave@stgolabs.net

docs: locking: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst

2019-07-15T11:53:27Z

Convert the locking documents to ReST and add them to the kernel development book where it belongs. Most of the stuff here is just to make Sphinx to properly parse the text file, as they're already in good shape, not requiring massive changes in order to be parsed. The conversion is actually: - add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs; - fix tables markups; - add some lists markups; - mark literal blocks; - adjust title markups. At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab Acked-by: Federico Vaga

locking/rwsem: Make rwsem->owner an atomic_long_t

2019-06-17T10:28:06Z

The rwsem->owner contains not just the task structure pointer, it also holds some flags for storing the current state of the rwsem. Some of the flags may have to be atomically updated. To reflect the new reality, the owner is now changed to an atomic_long_t type. New helper functions are added to properly separate out the task structure pointer and the embedded flags. Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Tim Chen Cc: Will Deacon Cc: huang ying Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190520205918.22251-14-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

locking/rwsem: Clarify usage of owner's nonspinaable bit

2019-06-17T10:28:03Z

Bit 1 of sem->owner (RWSEM_ANONYMOUSLY_OWNED) is used to designate an anonymous owner - readers or an anonymous writer. The setting of this anonymous bit is used as an indicator that optimistic spinning cannot be done on this rwsem. With the upcoming reader optimistic spinning patches, a reader-owned rwsem can be spinned on for a limit period of time. We still need this bit to indicate a rwsem is nonspinnable, but not setting this bit loses its meaning that the owner is known. So rename the bit to RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE to clarify its meaning. This patch also fixes a DEBUG_RWSEMS_WARN_ON() bug in __up_write(). Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Tim Chen Cc: Will Deacon Cc: huang ying Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190520205918.22251-12-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

locking/rwsem: Make owner available even if !CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER

2019-06-17T10:27:54Z

The owner field in the rw_semaphore structure is used primarily for optimistic spinning. However, identifying the rwsem owner can also be helpful in debugging as well as tracing locking related issues when analyzing crash dump. The owner field may also store state information that can be important to the operation of the rwsem. So the owner field is now made a permanent member of the rw_semaphore structure irrespective of CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Tim Chen Cc: Will Deacon Cc: huang ying Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190520205918.22251-2-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

locking/rwsem: Optimize rwsem structure for uncontended lock acquisition

2019-04-10T08:56:06Z

For an uncontended rwsem, count and owner are the only fields a task needs to touch when acquiring the rwsem. So they are put next to each other to increase the chance that they will share the same cacheline. On a ThunderX2 99xx (arm64) system with 32K L1 cache and 256K L2 cache, a rwsem locking microbenchmark with one locking thread was run to write-lock and write-unlock an array of rwsems separated 2 cachelines apart in a 1M byte memory block. The locking rates (kops/s) of the microbenchmark when the rwsems are at various "long" (8-byte) offsets from beginning of the cacheline before and after the patch were as follows: Cacheline Offset Pre-patch Post-patch ---------------- --------- ---------- 0 17,449 16,588 1 17,450 16,465 2 17,450 16,460 3 17,453 16,462 4 14,867 16,471 5 14,867 16,470 6 14,853 16,464 7 14,867 13,172 Before the patch, the count and owner are 4 "long"s apart. After the patch, they are only 1 "long" apart. The rwsem data have to be loaded from the L3 cache for each access. It can be seen that the locking rates are more consistent after the patch than before. Note that for this particular system, the performance drop happens whenever the count and owner are at an odd multiples of "long"s apart. No performance drop was observed when only a single rwsem was used (hot cache). So the drop is likely just an idiosyncrasy of the cache architecture of this chip than an inherent problem with the patch. Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: Paul E. McKenney Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Tim Chen Cc: Will Deacon Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190404174320.22416-12-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

locking/rwsem: Move rwsem internal function declarations to rwsem-xadd.h

2019-04-10T08:56:00Z

We don't need to expose rwsem internal functions which are not supposed to be called directly from other kernel code. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra Acked-by: Will Deacon Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Paul E. McKenney Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Tim Chen Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190404174320.22416-4-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

locking/rwsem: Remove rwsem-spinlock.c & use rwsem-xadd.c for all archs

2019-04-03T12:50:52Z

Currently, we have two different implementation of rwsem: 1) CONFIG_RWSEM_GENERIC_SPINLOCK (rwsem-spinlock.c) 2) CONFIG_RWSEM_XCHGADD_ALGORITHM (rwsem-xadd.c) As we are going to use a single generic implementation for rwsem-xadd.c and no architecture-specific code will be needed, there is no point in keeping two different implementations of rwsem. In most cases, the performance of rwsem-spinlock.c will be worse. It also doesn't get all the performance tuning and optimizations that had been implemented in rwsem-xadd.c over the years. For simplication, we are going to remove rwsem-spinlock.c and make all architectures use a single implementation of rwsem - rwsem-xadd.c. All references to RWSEM_GENERIC_SPINLOCK and RWSEM_XCHGADD_ALGORITHM in the code are removed. Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Acked-by: Linus Torvalds Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Paul E. McKenney Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Tim Chen Cc: Will Deacon Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-c6x-dev@linux-c6x.org Cc: linux-m68k@lists.linux-m68k.org Cc: linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-um@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-xtensa@linux-xtensa.org Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org Cc: nios2-dev@lists.rocketboards.org Cc: openrisc@lists.librecores.org Cc: uclinux-h8-devel@lists.sourceforge.jp Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190322143008.21313-3-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

locking/rwsem: Remove arch specific rwsem files

2019-04-03T12:50:50Z

As the generic rwsem-xadd code is using the appropriate acquire and release versions of the atomic operations, the arch specific rwsem.h files will not be that much faster than the generic code as long as the atomic functions are properly implemented. So we can remove those arch specific rwsem.h and stop building asm/rwsem.h to reduce maintenance effort. Currently, only x86, alpha and ia64 have implemented architecture specific fast paths. I don't have access to alpha and ia64 systems for testing, but they are legacy systems that are not likely to be updated to the latest kernel anyway. By using a rwsem microbenchmark, the total locking rates on a 4-socket 56-core 112-thread x86-64 system before and after the patch were as follows (mixed means equal # of read and write locks): Before Patch After Patch # of Threads wlock rlock mixed wlock rlock mixed ------------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 1 29,201 30,143 29,458 28,615 30,172 29,201 2 6,807 13,299 1,171 7,725 15,025 1,804 4 6,504 12,755 1,520 7,127 14,286 1,345 8 6,762 13,412 764 6,826 13,652 726 16 6,693 15,408 662 6,599 15,938 626 32 6,145 15,286 496 5,549 15,487 511 64 5,812 15,495 60 5,858 15,572 60 There were some run-to-run variations for the multi-thread tests. For x86-64, using the generic C code fast path seems to be a little bit faster than the assembly version with low lock contention. Looking at the assembly version of the fast paths, there are assembly to/from C code wrappers that save and restore all the callee-clobbered registers (7 registers on x86-64). The assembly generated from the generic C code doesn't need to do that. That may explain the slight performance gain here. The generic asm rwsem.h can also be merged into kernel/locking/rwsem.h with no code change as no other code other than those under kernel/locking needs to access the internal rwsem macros and functions. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Acked-by: Linus Torvalds Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Paul E. McKenney Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Tim Chen Cc: Will Deacon Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-c6x-dev@linux-c6x.org Cc: linux-m68k@lists.linux-m68k.org Cc: linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-um@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-xtensa@linux-xtensa.org Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org Cc: nios2-dev@lists.rocketboards.org Cc: openrisc@lists.librecores.org Cc: uclinux-h8-devel@lists.sourceforge.jp Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190322143008.21313-2-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

locking/rwsem: Make owner store task pointer of last owning reader

2018-09-10T10:04:07Z

Currently, when a reader acquires a lock, it only sets the RWSEM_READER_OWNED bit in the owner field. The other bits are simply not used. When debugging hanging cases involving rwsems and readers, the owner value does not provide much useful information at all. This patch modifies the current behavior to always store the task_struct pointer of the last rwsem-acquiring reader in a reader-owned rwsem. This may be useful in debugging rwsem hanging cases especially if only one reader is involved. However, the task in the owner field may not the real owner or one of the real owners at all when the owner value is examined, for example, in a crash dump. So it is just an additional hint about the past history. If CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS=y is enabled, the owner field will be checked at unlock time too to make sure the task pointer value is valid. That does have a slight performance cost and so is only enabled as part of that debug option. From the performance point of view, it is expected that the changes shouldn't have any noticeable performance impact. A rwsem microbenchmark (with 48 worker threads and 1:1 reader/writer ratio) was ran on a 2-socket 24-core 48-thread Haswell system. The locking rates on a 4.19-rc1 based kernel were as follows: 1) Unpatched kernel: 543.3 kops/s 2) Patched kernel: 549.2 kops/s 3) Patched kernel (CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS on): 546.6 kops/s There was actually a slight increase in performance (1.1%) in this particular case. Maybe it was caused by the elimination of a branch or just a testing noise. Turning on the CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS option also had less than the expected impact on performance. The least significant 2 bits of the owner value are now used to designate the rwsem is readers owned and the owners are anonymous. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Davidlohr Bueso Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Will Deacon Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536265114-10842-1-git-send-email-longman@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar