<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>user/sven/linux.git/kernel/bpf/verifier.c, branch stable/6.9.y</title>
<subtitle>Linux Kernel
</subtitle>
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<updated>2024-07-05T07:37:56Z</updated>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Take return from set_memory_ro() into account with bpf_prog_lock_ro()</title>
<updated>2024-07-05T07:37:56Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Christophe Leroy</name>
<email>christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu</email>
</author>
<published>2024-03-08T05:38:07Z</published>
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<id>urn:sha1:05412471beba313ecded95aa17b25fe84bb2551a</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 7d2cc63eca0c993c99d18893214abf8f85d566d8 ]

set_memory_ro() can fail, leaving memory unprotected.

Check its return and take it into account as an error.

Link: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/7
Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy &lt;christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu&gt;
Cc: linux-hardening@vger.kernel.org &lt;linux-hardening@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Message-ID: &lt;286def78955e04382b227cb3e4b6ba272a7442e3.1709850515.git.christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu&gt;
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Fix may_goto with negative offset.</title>
<updated>2024-07-05T07:37:53Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Alexei Starovoitov</name>
<email>ast@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2024-06-19T23:53:54Z</published>
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<id>urn:sha1:175827e04f4be53f3dfb57edf12d0d49b18fd939</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 2b2efe1937ca9f8815884bd4dcd5b32733025103 ]

Zac's syzbot crafted a bpf prog that exposed two bugs in may_goto.
The 1st bug is the way may_goto is patched. When offset is negative
it should be patched differently.
The 2nd bug is in the verifier:
when current state may_goto_depth is equal to visited state may_goto_depth
it means there is an actual infinite loop. It's not correct to prune
exploration of the program at this point.
Note, that this check doesn't limit the program to only one may_goto insn,
since 2nd and any further may_goto will increment may_goto_depth only
in the queued state pushed for future exploration. The current state
will have may_goto_depth == 0 regardless of number of may_goto insns
and the verifier has to explore the program until bpf_exit.

Fixes: 011832b97b31 ("bpf: Introduce may_goto instruction")
Reported-by: Zac Ecob &lt;zacecob@protonmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko &lt;andrii@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann &lt;daniel@iogearbox.net&gt;
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman &lt;eddyz87@gmail.com&gt;
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAADnVQL-15aNp04-cyHRn47Yv61NXfYyhopyZtUyxNojUZUXpA@mail.gmail.com/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240619235355.85031-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Fix the corner case with may_goto and jump to the 1st insn.</title>
<updated>2024-07-05T07:37:52Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Alexei Starovoitov</name>
<email>ast@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2024-06-19T01:18:58Z</published>
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<id>urn:sha1:e47a1a791d32bd6c8f71d23c84294f2c053553a1</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 5337ac4c9b807bc46baa0713121a0afa8beacd70 ]

When the following program is processed by the verifier:
L1: may_goto L2
    goto L1
L2: w0 = 0
    exit

the may_goto insn is first converted to:
L1: r11 = *(u64 *)(r10 -8)
    if r11 == 0x0 goto L2
    r11 -= 1
    *(u64 *)(r10 -8) = r11
    goto L1
L2: w0 = 0
    exit

then later as the last step the verifier inserts:
  *(u64 *)(r10 -8) = BPF_MAX_LOOPS
as the first insn of the program to initialize loop count.

When the first insn happens to be a branch target of some jmp the
bpf_patch_insn_data() logic will produce:
L1: *(u64 *)(r10 -8) = BPF_MAX_LOOPS
    r11 = *(u64 *)(r10 -8)
    if r11 == 0x0 goto L2
    r11 -= 1
    *(u64 *)(r10 -8) = r11
    goto L1
L2: w0 = 0
    exit

because instruction patching adjusts all jmps and calls, but for this
particular corner case it's incorrect and the L1 label should be one
instruction down, like:
    *(u64 *)(r10 -8) = BPF_MAX_LOOPS
L1: r11 = *(u64 *)(r10 -8)
    if r11 == 0x0 goto L2
    r11 -= 1
    *(u64 *)(r10 -8) = r11
    goto L1
L2: w0 = 0
    exit

and that's what this patch is fixing.
After bpf_patch_insn_data() call adjust_jmp_off() to adjust all jmps
that point to newly insert BPF_ST insn to point to insn after.

Note that bpf_patch_insn_data() cannot easily be changed to accommodate
this logic, since jumps that point before or after a sequence of patched
instructions have to be adjusted with the full length of the patch.

Conceptually it's somewhat similar to "insert" of instructions between other
instructions with weird semantics. Like "insert" before 1st insn would require
adjustment of CALL insns to point to newly inserted 1st insn, but not an
adjustment JMP insns that point to 1st, yet still adjusting JMP insns that
cross over 1st insn (point to insn before or insn after), hence use simple
adjust_jmp_off() logic to fix this corner case. Ideally bpf_patch_insn_data()
would have an auxiliary info to say where 'the start of newly inserted patch
is', but it would be too complex for backport.

Fixes: 011832b97b31 ("bpf: Introduce may_goto instruction")
Reported-by: Zac Ecob &lt;zacecob@protonmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann &lt;daniel@iogearbox.net&gt;
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman &lt;eddyz87@gmail.com&gt;
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAADnVQJ_WWx8w4b=6Gc2EpzAjgv+6A0ridnMz2TvS2egj4r3Gw@mail.gmail.com/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240619011859.79334-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Add missed var_off setting in coerce_subreg_to_size_sx()</title>
<updated>2024-07-05T07:37:50Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Yonghong Song</name>
<email>yonghong.song@linux.dev</email>
</author>
<published>2024-06-15T17:46:32Z</published>
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<id>urn:sha1:58b11b433dd4d52a65277cfe399c1281e7f758dd</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 44b7f7151dfc2e0947f39ed4b9bc4b0c2ccd46fc ]

In coerce_subreg_to_size_sx(), for the case where upper
sign extension bits are the same for smax32 and smin32
values, we missed to setup properly. This is especially
problematic if both smax32 and smin32's sign extension
bits are 1.

The following is a simple example illustrating the inconsistent
verifier states due to missed var_off:

  0: (85) call bpf_get_prandom_u32#7    ; R0_w=scalar()
  1: (bf) r3 = r0                       ; R0_w=scalar(id=1) R3_w=scalar(id=1)
  2: (57) r3 &amp;= 15                      ; R3_w=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=15,var_off=(0x0; 0xf))
  3: (47) r3 |= 128                     ; R3_w=scalar(smin=umin=smin32=umin32=128,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=143,var_off=(0x80; 0xf))
  4: (bc) w7 = (s8)w3
  REG INVARIANTS VIOLATION (alu): range bounds violation u64=[0xffffff80, 0x8f] s64=[0xffffff80, 0x8f]
    u32=[0xffffff80, 0x8f] s32=[0x80, 0xffffff8f] var_off=(0x80, 0xf)

The var_off=(0x80, 0xf) is not correct, and the correct one should
be var_off=(0xffffff80; 0xf) since from insn 3, we know that at
insn 4, the sign extension bits will be 1. This patch fixed this
issue by setting var_off properly.

Fixes: 8100928c8814 ("bpf: Support new sign-extension mov insns")
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song &lt;yonghong.song@linux.dev&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240615174632.3995278-1-yonghong.song@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Add missed var_off setting in set_sext32_default_val()</title>
<updated>2024-07-05T07:37:50Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Yonghong Song</name>
<email>yonghong.song@linux.dev</email>
</author>
<published>2024-06-15T17:46:26Z</published>
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<id>urn:sha1:bf97221d8f5361a9f17780f4a18d55d0d92711e2</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 380d5f89a4815ff88461a45de2fb6f28533df708 ]

Zac reported a verification failure and Alexei reproduced the issue
with a simple reproducer ([1]). The verification failure is due to missed
setting for var_off.

The following is the reproducer in [1]:
  0: R1=ctx() R10=fp0
  0: (71) r3 = *(u8 *)(r10 -387)        ;
     R3_w=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff)) R10=fp0
  1: (bc) w7 = (s8)w3                   ;
     R3_w=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff))
     R7_w=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=127,var_off=(0x0; 0x7f))
  2: (36) if w7 &gt;= 0x2533823b goto pc-3
     mark_precise: frame0: last_idx 2 first_idx 0 subseq_idx -1
     mark_precise: frame0: regs=r7 stack= before 1: (bc) w7 = (s8)w3
     mark_precise: frame0: regs=r3 stack= before 0: (71) r3 = *(u8 *)(r10 -387)
  2: R7_w=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=127,var_off=(0x0; 0x7f))
  3: (b4) w0 = 0                        ; R0_w=0
  4: (95) exit

Note that after insn 1, the var_off for R7 is (0x0; 0x7f). This is not correct
since upper 24 bits of w7 could be 0 or 1. So correct var_off should be
(0x0; 0xffffffff). Missing var_off setting in set_sext32_default_val() caused later
incorrect analysis in zext_32_to_64(dst_reg) and reg_bounds_sync(dst_reg).

To fix the issue, set var_off correctly in set_sext32_default_val(). The correct
reg state after insn 1 becomes:
  1: (bc) w7 = (s8)w3                   ;
     R3_w=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=255,var_off=(0x0; 0xff))
     R7_w=scalar(smin=0,smax=umax=0xffffffff,smin32=-128,smax32=127,var_off=(0x0; 0xffffffff))
and at insn 2, the verifier correctly determines either branch is possible.

  [1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAADnVQLPU0Shz7dWV4bn2BgtGdxN3uFHPeobGBA72tpg5Xoykw@mail.gmail.com/

Fixes: 8100928c8814 ("bpf: Support new sign-extension mov insns")
Reported-by: Zac Ecob &lt;zacecob@protonmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song &lt;yonghong.song@linux.dev&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240615174626.3994813-1-yonghong.song@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Fix reg_set_min_max corruption of fake_reg</title>
<updated>2024-06-27T11:52:20Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Daniel Borkmann</name>
<email>daniel@iogearbox.net</email>
</author>
<published>2024-06-13T11:53:08Z</published>
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<id>urn:sha1:41e8ab428a9964df378fa45760a660208712145b</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 92424801261d1564a0bb759da3cf3ccd69fdf5a2 ]

Juan reported that after doing some changes to buzzer [0] and implementing
a new fuzzing strategy guided by coverage, they noticed the following in
one of the probes:

  [...]
  13: (79) r6 = *(u64 *)(r0 +0)         ; R0=map_value(ks=4,vs=8) R6_w=scalar()
  14: (b7) r0 = 0                       ; R0_w=0
  15: (b4) w0 = -1                      ; R0_w=0xffffffff
  16: (74) w0 &gt;&gt;= 1                     ; R0_w=0x7fffffff
  17: (5c) w6 &amp;= w0                     ; R0_w=0x7fffffff R6_w=scalar(smin=smin32=0,smax=umax=umax32=0x7fffffff,var_off=(0x0; 0x7fffffff))
  18: (44) w6 |= 2                      ; R6_w=scalar(smin=umin=smin32=umin32=2,smax=umax=umax32=0x7fffffff,var_off=(0x2; 0x7ffffffd))
  19: (56) if w6 != 0x7ffffffd goto pc+1
  REG INVARIANTS VIOLATION (true_reg2): range bounds violation u64=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] s64=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] u32=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] s32=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] var_off=(0x7fffffff, 0x0)
  REG INVARIANTS VIOLATION (false_reg1): range bounds violation u64=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] s64=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] u32=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] s32=[0x7fffffff, 0x7ffffffd] var_off=(0x7fffffff, 0x0)
  REG INVARIANTS VIOLATION (false_reg2): const tnum out of sync with range bounds u64=[0x0, 0xffffffffffffffff] s64=[0x8000000000000000, 0x7fffffffffffffff] u32=[0x0, 0xffffffff] s32=[0x80000000, 0x7fffffff] var_off=(0x7fffffff, 0x0)
  19: R6_w=0x7fffffff
  20: (95) exit

  from 19 to 21: R0=0x7fffffff R6=scalar(smin=umin=smin32=umin32=2,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=0x7ffffffe,var_off=(0x2; 0x7ffffffd)) R7=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) R9=ctx() R10=fp0 fp-24=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) fp-40=mmmmmmmm
  21: R0=0x7fffffff R6=scalar(smin=umin=smin32=umin32=2,smax=umax=smax32=umax32=0x7ffffffe,var_off=(0x2; 0x7ffffffd)) R7=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) R9=ctx() R10=fp0 fp-24=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) fp-40=mmmmmmmm
  21: (14) w6 -= 2147483632             ; R6_w=scalar(smin=umin=umin32=2,smax=umax=0xffffffff,smin32=0x80000012,smax32=14,var_off=(0x2; 0xfffffffd))
  22: (76) if w6 s&gt;= 0xe goto pc+1      ; R6_w=scalar(smin=umin=umin32=2,smax=umax=0xffffffff,smin32=0x80000012,smax32=13,var_off=(0x2; 0xfffffffd))
  23: (95) exit

  from 22 to 24: R0=0x7fffffff R6_w=14 R7=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) R9=ctx() R10=fp0 fp-24=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) fp-40=mmmmmmmm
  24: R0=0x7fffffff R6_w=14 R7=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) R9=ctx() R10=fp0 fp-24=map_ptr(ks=4,vs=8) fp-40=mmmmmmmm
  24: (14) w6 -= 14                     ; R6_w=0
  [...]

What can be seen here is a register invariant violation on line 19. After
the binary-or in line 18, the verifier knows that bit 2 is set but knows
nothing about the rest of the content which was loaded from a map value,
meaning, range is [2,0x7fffffff] with var_off=(0x2; 0x7ffffffd). When in
line 19 the verifier analyzes the branch, it splits the register states
in reg_set_min_max() into the registers of the true branch (true_reg1,
true_reg2) and the registers of the false branch (false_reg1, false_reg2).

Since the test is w6 != 0x7ffffffd, the src_reg is a known constant.
Internally, the verifier creates a "fake" register initialized as scalar
to the value of 0x7ffffffd, and then passes it onto reg_set_min_max(). Now,
for line 19, it is mathematically impossible to take the false branch of
this program, yet the verifier analyzes it. It is impossible because the
second bit of r6 will be set due to the prior or operation and the
constant in the condition has that bit unset (hex(fd) == binary(1111 1101).

When the verifier first analyzes the false / fall-through branch, it will
compute an intersection between the var_off of r6 and of the constant. This
is because the verifier creates a "fake" register initialized to the value
of the constant. The intersection result later refines both registers in
regs_refine_cond_op():

  [...]
  t = tnum_intersect(tnum_subreg(reg1-&gt;var_off), tnum_subreg(reg2-&gt;var_off));
  reg1-&gt;var_off = tnum_with_subreg(reg1-&gt;var_off, t);
  reg2-&gt;var_off = tnum_with_subreg(reg2-&gt;var_off, t);
  [...]

Since the verifier is analyzing the false branch of the conditional jump,
reg1 is equal to false_reg1 and reg2 is equal to false_reg2, i.e. the reg2
is the "fake" register that was meant to hold a constant value. The resulting
var_off of the intersection says that both registers now hold a known value
of var_off=(0x7fffffff, 0x0) or in other words: this operation manages to
make the verifier think that the "constant" value that was passed in the
jump operation now holds a different value.

Normally this would not be an issue since it should not influence the true
branch, however, false_reg2 and true_reg2 are pointers to the same "fake"
register. Meaning, the false branch can influence the results of the true
branch. In line 24, the verifier assumes R6_w=0, but the actual runtime
value in this case is 1. The fix is simply not passing in the same "fake"
register location as inputs to reg_set_min_max(), but instead making a
copy. Moving the fake_reg into the env also reduces stack consumption by
120 bytes. With this, the verifier successfully rejects invalid accesses
from the test program.

  [0] https://github.com/google/buzzer

Fixes: 67420501e868 ("bpf: generalize reg_set_min_max() to handle non-const register comparisons")
Reported-by: Juan José López Jaimez &lt;jjlopezjaimez@google.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann &lt;daniel@iogearbox.net&gt;
Reviewed-by: John Fastabend &lt;john.fastabend@gmail.com&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240613115310.25383-1-daniel@iogearbox.net
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Allow delete from sockmap/sockhash only if update is allowed</title>
<updated>2024-06-12T09:39:50Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Jakub Sitnicki</name>
<email>jakub@cloudflare.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-05-27T11:20:07Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=b81e1c5a3c70398cf76631ede63a03616ed1ba3c'/>
<id>urn:sha1:b81e1c5a3c70398cf76631ede63a03616ed1ba3c</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 98e948fb60d41447fd8d2d0c3b8637fc6b6dc26d ]

We have seen an influx of syzkaller reports where a BPF program attached to
a tracepoint triggers a locking rule violation by performing a map_delete
on a sockmap/sockhash.

We don't intend to support this artificial use scenario. Extend the
existing verifier allowed-program-type check for updating sockmap/sockhash
to also cover deleting from a map.

From now on only BPF programs which were previously allowed to update
sockmap/sockhash can delete from these map types.

Fixes: ff9105993240 ("bpf, sockmap: Prevent lock inversion deadlock in map delete elem")
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa &lt;penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp&gt;
Reported-by: syzbot+ec941d6e24f633a59172@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Sitnicki &lt;jakub@cloudflare.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann &lt;daniel@iogearbox.net&gt;
Tested-by: syzbot+ec941d6e24f633a59172@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Acked-by: John Fastabend &lt;john.fastabend@gmail.com&gt;
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=ec941d6e24f633a59172
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20240527-sockmap-verify-deletes-v1-1-944b372f2101@cloudflare.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: Fix verifier assumptions about socket-&gt;sk</title>
<updated>2024-05-30T07:44:27Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Alexei Starovoitov</name>
<email>ast@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2024-04-27T00:25:44Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=c58ccdd2483a1d990748cdaf94206b5d5986a001'/>
<id>urn:sha1:c58ccdd2483a1d990748cdaf94206b5d5986a001</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 0db63c0b86e981a1e97d2596d64ceceba1a5470e ]

The verifier assumes that 'sk' field in 'struct socket' is valid
and non-NULL when 'socket' pointer itself is trusted and non-NULL.
That may not be the case when socket was just created and
passed to LSM socket_accept hook.
Fix this verifier assumption and adjust tests.

Reported-by: Liam Wisehart &lt;liamwisehart@meta.com&gt;
Acked-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi &lt;memxor@gmail.com&gt;
Fixes: 6fcd486b3a0a ("bpf: Refactor RCU enforcement in the verifier.")
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240427002544.68803-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau &lt;martin.lau@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: prevent r10 register from being marked as precise</title>
<updated>2024-05-30T07:44:16Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Andrii Nakryiko</name>
<email>andrii@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2024-04-04T21:45:35Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=cf2134c1e2e04c2169dd586cc8488d9fd85e00ba'/>
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<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 1f2a74b41ea8b902687eb97c4e7e3f558801865b ]

r10 is a special register that is not under BPF program's control and is
always effectively precise. The rest of precision logic assumes that
only r0-r9 SCALAR registers are marked as precise, so prevent r10 from
being marked precise.

This can happen due to signed cast instruction allowing to do something
like `r0 = (s8)r10;`, which later, if r0 needs to be precise, would lead
to an attempt to mark r10 as precise.

Prevent this with an extra check during instruction backtracking.

Fixes: 8100928c8814 ("bpf: Support new sign-extension mov insns")
Reported-by: syzbot+148110ee7cf72f39f33e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko &lt;andrii@kernel.org&gt;
Acked-by: Yonghong Song &lt;yonghong.song@linux.dev&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240404214536.3551295-1-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>bpf: verifier: prevent userspace memory access</title>
<updated>2024-04-26T16:45:18Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Puranjay Mohan</name>
<email>puranjay12@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2024-04-24T10:02:08Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.stealer.net/cgit.cgi/user/sven/linux.git/commit/?id=66e13b615a0ce76b785d780ecc9776ba71983629'/>
<id>urn:sha1:66e13b615a0ce76b785d780ecc9776ba71983629</id>
<content type='text'>
With BPF_PROBE_MEM, BPF allows de-referencing an untrusted pointer. To
thwart invalid memory accesses, the JITs add an exception table entry
for all such accesses. But in case the src_reg + offset is a userspace
address, the BPF program might read that memory if the user has
mapped it.

Make the verifier add guard instructions around such memory accesses and
skip the load if the address falls into the userspace region.

The JITs need to implement bpf_arch_uaddress_limit() to define where
the userspace addresses end for that architecture or TASK_SIZE is taken
as default.

The implementation is as follows:

REG_AX =  SRC_REG
if(offset)
	REG_AX += offset;
REG_AX &gt;&gt;= 32;
if (REG_AX &lt;= (uaddress_limit &gt;&gt; 32))
	DST_REG = 0;
else
	DST_REG = *(size *)(SRC_REG + offset);

Comparing just the upper 32 bits of the load address with the upper
32 bits of uaddress_limit implies that the values are being aligned down
to a 4GB boundary before comparison.

The above means that all loads with address &lt;= uaddress_limit + 4GB are
skipped. This is acceptable because there is a large hole (much larger
than 4GB) between userspace and kernel space memory, therefore a
correctly functioning BPF program should not access this 4GB memory
above the userspace.

Let's analyze what this patch does to the following fentry program
dereferencing an untrusted pointer:

  SEC("fentry/tcp_v4_connect")
  int BPF_PROG(fentry_tcp_v4_connect, struct sock *sk)
  {
                *(volatile long *)sk;
                return 0;
  }

    BPF Program before              |           BPF Program after
    ------------------              |           -----------------

  0: (79) r1 = *(u64 *)(r1 +0)          0: (79) r1 = *(u64 *)(r1 +0)
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  1: (79) r1 = *(u64 *)(r1 +0) --\      1: (bf) r11 = r1
  ----------------------------\   \     2: (77) r11 &gt;&gt;= 32
  2: (b7) r0 = 0               \   \    3: (b5) if r11 &lt;= 0x8000 goto pc+2
  3: (95) exit                  \   \-&gt; 4: (79) r1 = *(u64 *)(r1 +0)
                                 \      5: (05) goto pc+1
                                  \     6: (b7) r1 = 0
                                   \--------------------------------------
                                        7: (b7) r0 = 0
                                        8: (95) exit

As you can see from above, in the best case (off=0), 5 extra instructions
are emitted.

Now, we analyze the same program after it has gone through the JITs of
ARM64 and RISC-V architectures. We follow the single load instruction
that has the untrusted pointer and see what instrumentation has been
added around it.

                                x86-64 JIT
                                ==========
     JIT's Instrumentation
          (upstream)
     ---------------------

   0:   nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
   5:   xchg   %ax,%ax
   7:   push   %rbp
   8:   mov    %rsp,%rbp
   b:   mov    0x0(%rdi),%rdi
  ---------------------------------
   f:   movabs $0x800000000000,%r11
  19:   cmp    %r11,%rdi
  1c:   jb     0x000000000000002a
  1e:   mov    %rdi,%r11
  21:   add    $0x0,%r11
  28:   jae    0x000000000000002e
  2a:   xor    %edi,%edi
  2c:   jmp    0x0000000000000032
  2e:   mov    0x0(%rdi),%rdi
  ---------------------------------
  32:   xor    %eax,%eax
  34:   leave
  35:   ret

The x86-64 JIT already emits some instructions to protect against user
memory access. This patch doesn't make any changes for the x86-64 JIT.

                                  ARM64 JIT
                                  =========

        No Intrumentation                       Verifier's Instrumentation
           (upstream)                                  (This patch)
        -----------------                       --------------------------

   0:   add     x9, x30, #0x0                0:   add     x9, x30, #0x0
   4:   nop                                  4:   nop
   8:   paciasp                              8:   paciasp
   c:   stp     x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!        c:   stp     x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
  10:   mov     x29, sp                     10:   mov     x29, sp
  14:   stp     x19, x20, [sp, #-16]!       14:   stp     x19, x20, [sp, #-16]!
  18:   stp     x21, x22, [sp, #-16]!       18:   stp     x21, x22, [sp, #-16]!
  1c:   stp     x25, x26, [sp, #-16]!       1c:   stp     x25, x26, [sp, #-16]!
  20:   stp     x27, x28, [sp, #-16]!       20:   stp     x27, x28, [sp, #-16]!
  24:   mov     x25, sp                     24:   mov     x25, sp
  28:   mov     x26, #0x0                   28:   mov     x26, #0x0
  2c:   sub     x27, x25, #0x0              2c:   sub     x27, x25, #0x0
  30:   sub     sp, sp, #0x0                30:   sub     sp, sp, #0x0
  34:   ldr     x0, [x0]                    34:   ldr     x0, [x0]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  38:   ldr     x0, [x0] ----------\        38:   add     x9, x0, #0x0
-----------------------------------\\       3c:   lsr     x9, x9, #32
  3c:   mov     x7, #0x0            \\      40:   cmp     x9, #0x10, lsl #12
  40:   mov     sp, sp               \\     44:   b.ls    0x0000000000000050
  44:   ldp     x27, x28, [sp], #16   \\--&gt; 48:   ldr     x0, [x0]
  48:   ldp     x25, x26, [sp], #16    \    4c:   b       0x0000000000000054
  4c:   ldp     x21, x22, [sp], #16     \   50:   mov     x0, #0x0
  50:   ldp     x19, x20, [sp], #16      \---------------------------------------
  54:   ldp     x29, x30, [sp], #16         54:   mov     x7, #0x0
  58:   add     x0, x7, #0x0                58:   mov     sp, sp
  5c:   autiasp                             5c:   ldp     x27, x28, [sp], #16
  60:   ret                                 60:   ldp     x25, x26, [sp], #16
  64:   nop                                 64:   ldp     x21, x22, [sp], #16
  68:   ldr     x10, 0x0000000000000070     68:   ldp     x19, x20, [sp], #16
  6c:   br      x10                         6c:   ldp     x29, x30, [sp], #16
                                            70:   add     x0, x7, #0x0
                                            74:   autiasp
                                            78:   ret
                                            7c:   nop
                                            80:   ldr     x10, 0x0000000000000088
                                            84:   br      x10

There are 6 extra instructions added in ARM64 in the best case. This will
become 7 in the worst case (off != 0).

                           RISC-V JIT (RISCV_ISA_C Disabled)
                           ==========

        No Intrumentation           Verifier's Instrumentation
           (upstream)                      (This patch)
        -----------------           --------------------------

   0:   nop                            0:   nop
   4:   nop                            4:   nop
   8:   li      a6, 33                 8:   li      a6, 33
   c:   addi    sp, sp, -16            c:   addi    sp, sp, -16
  10:   sd      s0, 8(sp)             10:   sd      s0, 8(sp)
  14:   addi    s0, sp, 16            14:   addi    s0, sp, 16
  18:   ld      a0, 0(a0)             18:   ld      a0, 0(a0)
---------------------------------------------------------------
  1c:   ld      a0, 0(a0) --\         1c:   mv      t0, a0
--------------------------\  \        20:   srli    t0, t0, 32
  20:   li      a5, 0      \  \       24:   lui     t1, 4096
  24:   ld      s0, 8(sp)   \  \      28:   sext.w  t1, t1
  28:   addi    sp, sp, 16   \  \     2c:   bgeu    t1, t0, 12
  2c:   sext.w  a0, a5        \  \--&gt; 30:   ld      a0, 0(a0)
  30:   ret                    \      34:   j       8
                                \     38:   li      a0, 0
                                 \------------------------------
                                      3c:   li      a5, 0
                                      40:   ld      s0, 8(sp)
                                      44:   addi    sp, sp, 16
                                      48:   sext.w  a0, a5
                                      4c:   ret

There are 7 extra instructions added in RISC-V.

Fixes: 800834285361 ("bpf, arm64: Add BPF exception tables")
Reported-by: Breno Leitao &lt;leitao@debian.org&gt;
Suggested-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
Acked-by: Ilya Leoshkevich &lt;iii@linux.ibm.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan &lt;puranjay12@gmail.com&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240424100210.11982-2-puranjay@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov &lt;ast@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
</feed>
