user/sven/linux.git/kernel/livepatch/core.c, branch v4.14.200

livepatch: Nullify obj->mod in klp_module_coming()'s error path

2019-10-07T16:55:09Z

[ Upstream commit 4ff96fb52c6964ad42e0a878be8f86a2e8052ddd ] klp_module_coming() is called for every module appearing in the system. It sets obj->mod to a patched module for klp_object obj. Unfortunately it leaves it set even if an error happens later in the function and the patched module is not allowed to be loaded. klp_is_object_loaded() uses obj->mod variable and could currently give a wrong return value. The bug is probably harmless as of now. Signed-off-by: Miroslav Benes Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

module: Fix livepatch/ftrace module text permissions race

2019-07-10T07:54:37Z

[ Upstream commit 9f255b632bf12c4dd7fc31caee89aa991ef75176 ] It's possible for livepatch and ftrace to be toggling a module's text permissions at the same time, resulting in the following panic: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffffffc005b1d9 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0003) - permissions violation PGD 3ea0c067 P4D 3ea0c067 PUD 3ea0e067 PMD 3cc13067 PTE 3b8a1061 Oops: 0003 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI CPU: 1 PID: 453 Comm: insmod Tainted: G O K 5.2.0-rc1-a188339ca5 #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-20181126_142135-anatol 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:apply_relocate_add+0xbe/0x14c Code: fa 0b 74 21 48 83 fa 18 74 38 48 83 fa 0a 75 40 eb 08 48 83 38 00 74 33 eb 53 83 38 00 75 4e 89 08 89 c8 eb 0a 83 38 00 75 43 <89> 08 48 63 c1 48 39 c8 74 2e eb 48 83 38 00 75 32 48 29 c1 89 08 RSP: 0018:ffffb223c00dbb10 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: ffffffffc005b1d9 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff8b200060 RDX: 000000000000000b RSI: 0000004b0000000b RDI: ffff96bdfcd33000 RBP: ffffb223c00dbb38 R08: ffffffffc005d040 R09: ffffffffc005c1f0 R10: ffff96bdfcd33c40 R11: ffff96bdfcd33b80 R12: 0000000000000018 R13: ffffffffc005c1f0 R14: ffffffffc005e708 R15: ffffffff8b2fbc74 FS: 00007f5f447beba8(0000) GS:ffff96bdff900000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: ffffffffc005b1d9 CR3: 000000003cedc002 CR4: 0000000000360ea0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: klp_init_object_loaded+0x10f/0x219 ? preempt_latency_start+0x21/0x57 klp_enable_patch+0x662/0x809 ? virt_to_head_page+0x3a/0x3c ? kfree+0x8c/0x126 patch_init+0x2ed/0x1000 [livepatch_test02] ? 0xffffffffc0060000 do_one_initcall+0x9f/0x1c5 ? kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0xc4/0xd4 ? do_init_module+0x27/0x210 do_init_module+0x5f/0x210 load_module+0x1c41/0x2290 ? fsnotify_path+0x3b/0x42 ? strstarts+0x2b/0x2b ? kernel_read+0x58/0x65 __do_sys_finit_module+0x9f/0xc3 ? __do_sys_finit_module+0x9f/0xc3 __x64_sys_finit_module+0x1a/0x1c do_syscall_64+0x52/0x61 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9 The above panic occurs when loading two modules at the same time with ftrace enabled, where at least one of the modules is a livepatch module: CPU0 CPU1 klp_enable_patch() klp_init_object_loaded() module_disable_ro() ftrace_module_enable() ftrace_arch_code_modify_post_process() set_all_modules_text_ro() klp_write_object_relocations() apply_relocate_add() *patches read-only code* - BOOM A similar race exists when toggling ftrace while loading a livepatch module. Fix it by ensuring that the livepatch and ftrace code patching operations -- and their respective permissions changes -- are protected by the text_mutex. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/ab43d56ab909469ac5d2520c5d944ad6d4abd476.1560474114.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com Reported-by: Johannes Erdfelt Fixes: 444d13ff10fb ("modules: add ro_after_init support") Acked-by: Jessica Yu Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

livepatch: Validate module/old func name length

2018-09-09T17:55:58Z

commit 6e9df95b76cad18f7b217bdad7bb8a26d63b8c47 upstream. livepatch module author can pass module name/old function name with more than the defined character limit. With obj->name length greater than MODULE_NAME_LEN, the livepatch module gets loaded but waits forever on the module specified by obj->name to be loaded. It also populates a /sys directory with an untruncated object name. In the case of funcs->old_name length greater then KSYM_NAME_LEN, it would not match against any of the symbol table entries. Instead loop through the symbol table comparing them against a nonexisting function, which can be avoided. The same issues apply, to misspelled/incorrect names. At least gatekeep the modules with over the limit string length, by checking for their length during livepatch module registration. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kamalesh Babulal Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

livepatch: unpatch all klp_objects if klp_module_coming fails

2017-10-11T13:38:46Z

When an incoming module is considered for livepatching by klp_module_coming(), it iterates over multiple patches and multiple kernel objects in this order: list_for_each_entry(patch, &klp_patches, list) { klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) { which means that if one of the kernel objects fails to patch, klp_module_coming()'s error path needs to unpatch and cleanup any kernel objects that were already patched by a previous patch. Reported-by: Miroslav Benes Suggested-by: Petr Mladek Signed-off-by: Joe Lawrence Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

Merge branches 'for-4.12/upstream' and 'for-4.12/klp-hybrid-consistency-model' into for-linus

2017-05-01T19:49:28Z

livepatch: add missing printk newlines

2017-04-16T20:48:05Z

Add missing newlines to some pr_err() strings. Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Jessica Yu Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: Reduce the time of finding module symbols

2017-03-30T08:41:38Z

It's reported that the time of insmoding a klp.ko for one of our out-tree modules is too long. ~ time sudo insmod klp.ko real 0m23.799s user 0m0.036s sys 0m21.256s Then we found the reason: our out-tree module used a lot of static local variables, so klp.ko has a lot of relocation records which reference the module. Then for each such entry klp_find_object_symbol() is called to resolve it, but this function uses the interface kallsyms_on_each_symbol() even for finding module symbols, so will waste a lot of time on walking through vmlinux kallsyms table many times. This patch changes it to use module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol() for modules symbols. After we apply this patch, the sys time reduced dramatically. ~ time sudo insmod klp.ko real 0m1.007s user 0m0.032s sys 0m0.924s Signed-off-by: Zhou Chengming Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Acked-by: Jessica Yu Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: make klp_mutex proper part of API

2017-03-08T13:40:53Z

klp_mutex is shared between core.c and transition.c, and as such would rather be properly located in a header so that we don't have to play 'extern' games from .c sources. This also silences sparse warning (wrongly) suggesting that klp_mutex should be defined static. Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: allow removal of a disabled patch

2017-03-08T08:38:43Z

Currently we do not allow patch module to unload since there is no method to determine if a task is still running in the patched code. The consistency model gives us the way because when the unpatching finishes we know that all tasks were marked as safe to call an original function. Thus every new call to the function calls the original code and at the same time no task can be somewhere in the patched code, because it had to leave that code to be marked as safe. We can safely let the patch module go after that. Completion is used for synchronization between module removal and sysfs infrastructure in a similar way to commit 942e443127e9 ("module: Fix mod->mkobj.kobj potentially freed too early"). Note that we still do not allow the removal for immediate model, that is no consistency model. The module refcount may increase in this case if somebody disables and enables the patch several times. This should not cause any harm. With this change a call to try_module_get() is moved to __klp_enable_patch from klp_register_patch to make module reference counting symmetric (module_put() is in a patch disable path) and to allow to take a new reference to a disabled module when being enabled. Finally, we need to be very careful about possible races between klp_unregister_patch(), kobject_put() functions and operations on the related sysfs files. kobject_put(&patch->kobj) must be called without klp_mutex. Otherwise, it might be blocked by enabled_store() that needs the mutex as well. In addition, enabled_store() must check if the patch was not unregisted in the meantime. There is no need to do the same for other kobject_put() callsites at the moment. Their sysfs operations neither take the lock nor they access any data that might be freed in the meantime. There was an attempt to use kobjects the right way and prevent these races by design. But it made the patch definition more complicated and opened another can of worms. See https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464018848-4303-1-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com [Thanks to Petr Mladek for improving the commit message.] Signed-off-by: Miroslav Benes Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina

livepatch: change to a per-task consistency model

2017-03-08T08:36:21Z

Change livepatch to use a basic per-task consistency model. This is the foundation which will eventually enable us to patch those ~10% of security patches which change function or data semantics. This is the biggest remaining piece needed to make livepatch more generally useful. This code stems from the design proposal made by Vojtech [1] in November 2014. It's a hybrid of kGraft and kpatch: it uses kGraft's per-task consistency and syscall barrier switching combined with kpatch's stack trace switching. There are also a number of fallback options which make it quite flexible. Patches are applied on a per-task basis, when the task is deemed safe to switch over. When a patch is enabled, livepatch enters into a transition state where tasks are converging to the patched state. Usually this transition state can complete in a few seconds. The same sequence occurs when a patch is disabled, except the tasks converge from the patched state to the unpatched state. An interrupt handler inherits the patched state of the task it interrupts. The same is true for forked tasks: the child inherits the patched state of the parent. Livepatch uses several complementary approaches to determine when it's safe to patch tasks: 1. The first and most effective approach is stack checking of sleeping tasks. If no affected functions are on the stack of a given task, the task is patched. In most cases this will patch most or all of the tasks on the first try. Otherwise it'll keep trying periodically. This option is only available if the architecture has reliable stacks (HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE). 2. The second approach, if needed, is kernel exit switching. A task is switched when it returns to user space from a system call, a user space IRQ, or a signal. It's useful in the following cases: a) Patching I/O-bound user tasks which are sleeping on an affected function. In this case you have to send SIGSTOP and SIGCONT to force it to exit the kernel and be patched. b) Patching CPU-bound user tasks. If the task is highly CPU-bound then it will get patched the next time it gets interrupted by an IRQ. c) In the future it could be useful for applying patches for architectures which don't yet have HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE. In this case you would have to signal most of the tasks on the system. However this isn't supported yet because there's currently no way to patch kthreads without HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE. 3. For idle "swapper" tasks, since they don't ever exit the kernel, they instead have a klp_update_patch_state() call in the idle loop which allows them to be patched before the CPU enters the idle state. (Note there's not yet such an approach for kthreads.) All the above approaches may be skipped by setting the 'immediate' flag in the 'klp_patch' struct, which will disable per-task consistency and patch all tasks immediately. This can be useful if the patch doesn't change any function or data semantics. Note that, even with this flag set, it's possible that some tasks may still be running with an old version of the function, until that function returns. There's also an 'immediate' flag in the 'klp_func' struct which allows you to specify that certain functions in the patch can be applied without per-task consistency. This might be useful if you want to patch a common function like schedule(), and the function change doesn't need consistency but the rest of the patch does. For architectures which don't have HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE, the user must set patch->immediate which causes all tasks to be patched immediately. This option should be used with care, only when the patch doesn't change any function or data semantics. In the future, architectures which don't have HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE may be allowed to use per-task consistency if we can come up with another way to patch kthreads. The /sys/kernel/livepatch//transition file shows whether a patch is in transition. Only a single patch (the topmost patch on the stack) can be in transition at a given time. A patch can remain in transition indefinitely, if any of the tasks are stuck in the initial patch state. A transition can be reversed and effectively canceled by writing the opposite value to the /sys/kernel/livepatch//enabled file while the transition is in progress. Then all the tasks will attempt to converge back to the original patch state. [1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141107140458.GA21774@suse.cz Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf Acked-by: Miroslav Benes Acked-by: Ingo Molnar # for the scheduler changes Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina