user/sven/linux.git/kernel/sys.c, branch v6.6.14

prctl: Disable prctl(PR_SET_MDWE) on parisc

2023-12-03T06:33:06Z

[ Upstream commit 793838138c157d4c49f4fb744b170747e3dabf58 ] systemd-254 tries to use prctl(PR_SET_MDWE) for it's MemoryDenyWriteExecute functionality, but fails on parisc which still needs executable stacks in certain combinations of gcc/glibc/kernel. Disable prctl(PR_SET_MDWE) by returning -EINVAL for now on parisc, until userspace has catched up. Signed-off-by: Helge Deller Co-developed-by: Linus Torvalds Reported-by: Sam James Closes: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/29775 Tested-by: Sam James Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/875y2jro9a.fsf@gentoo.org/ Cc: # v6.3+ Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

mm: add a NO_INHERIT flag to the PR_SET_MDWE prctl

2023-12-03T06:33:06Z

[ Upstream commit 24e41bf8a6b424c76c5902fb999e9eca61bdf83d ] This extends the current PR_SET_MDWE prctl arg with a bit to indicate that the process doesn't want MDWE protection to propagate to children. To implement this no-inherit mode, the tag in current->mm->flags must be absent from MMF_INIT_MASK. This means that the encoding for "MDWE but without inherit" is different in the prctl than in the mm flags. This leads to a bit of bit-mangling in the prctl implementation. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230828150858.393570-6-revest@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Florent Revest Reviewed-by: Kees Cook Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas Cc: Alexey Izbyshev Cc: Anshuman Khandual Cc: Ayush Jain Cc: David Hildenbrand Cc: Greg Thelen Cc: Joey Gouly Cc: KP Singh Cc: Mark Brown Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Peter Xu Cc: Ryan Roberts Cc: Szabolcs Nagy Cc: Topi Miettinen Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Stable-dep-of: 793838138c15 ("prctl: Disable prctl(PR_SET_MDWE) on parisc") Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

prctl: move PR_GET_AUXV out of PR_MCE_KILL

2023-07-17T19:53:21Z

Somehow PR_GET_AUXV got added into PR_MCE_KILL's switch when the patch was applied [1]. Thus move it out of the switch, to the place the patch added it. In the recently released v6.4 kernel some user could, in principle, be already using this feature by mapping the right page and passing the PR_GET_AUXV constant as a pointer: prctl(PR_MCE_KILL, PR_GET_AUXV, ...) So this does change the behavior for users. We could keep the bug since the other subcases in PR_MCE_KILL (PR_MCE_KILL_CLEAR and PR_MCE_KILL_SET) do not overlap. However, v6.4 may be recent enough (2 weeks old) that moving the lines (rather than just adding a new case) does not break anybody? Moreover, the documentation in man-pages was just committed today [2]. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230708233344.361854-1-ojeda@kernel.org Fixes: ddc65971bb67 ("prctl: add PR_GET_AUXV to copy auxv to userspace") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/d81864a7f7f43bca6afa2a09fc2e850e4050ab42.1680611394.git.josh@joshtriplett.org/ [1] Link: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/docs/man-pages/man-pages.git/commit/?id=8cf0c06bfd3c2b219b044d4151c96f0da50af9ad [2] Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda Cc: Josh Triplett Cc: Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

riscv: Add prctl controls for userspace vector management

2023-06-08T14:16:53Z

This patch add two riscv-specific prctls, to allow usespace control the use of vector unit: * PR_RISCV_V_SET_CONTROL: control the permission to use Vector at next, or all following execve for a thread. Turning off a thread's Vector live is not possible since libraries may have registered ifunc that may execute Vector instructions. * PR_RISCV_V_GET_CONTROL: get the same permission setting for the current thread, and the setting for following execve(s). Signed-off-by: Andy Chiu Reviewed-by: Greentime Hu Reviewed-by: Vincent Chen Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230605110724.21391-22-andy.chiu@sifive.com Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt

mm/ksm: unmerge and clear VM_MERGEABLE when setting PR_SET_MEMORY_MERGE=0

2023-05-03T00:21:49Z

Patch series "mm/ksm: improve PR_SET_MEMORY_MERGE=0 handling and cleanup disabling KSM", v2. (1) Make PR_SET_MEMORY_MERGE=0 unmerge pages like setting MADV_UNMERGEABLE does, (2) add a selftest for it and (3) factor out disabling of KSM from s390/gmap code. This patch (of 3): Let's unmerge any KSM pages when setting PR_SET_MEMORY_MERGE=0, and clear the VM_MERGEABLE flag from all VMAs -- just like KSM would. Of course, only do that if we previously set PR_SET_MEMORY_MERGE=1. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230422205420.30372-1-david@redhat.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230422205420.30372-2-david@redhat.com Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand Acked-by: Stefan Roesch Cc: Christian Borntraeger Cc: Claudio Imbrenda Cc: Heiko Carstens Cc: Janosch Frank Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Rik van Riel Cc: Shuah Khan Cc: Sven Schnelle Cc: Vasily Gorbik Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

mm: add new api to enable ksm per process

2023-04-21T21:52:03Z

Patch series "mm: process/cgroup ksm support", v9. So far KSM can only be enabled by calling madvise for memory regions. To be able to use KSM for more workloads, KSM needs to have the ability to be enabled / disabled at the process / cgroup level. Use case 1: The madvise call is not available in the programming language. An example for this are programs with forked workloads using a garbage collected language without pointers. In such a language madvise cannot be made available. In addition the addresses of objects get moved around as they are garbage collected. KSM sharing needs to be enabled "from the outside" for these type of workloads. Use case 2: The same interpreter can also be used for workloads where KSM brings no benefit or even has overhead. We'd like to be able to enable KSM on a workload by workload basis. Use case 3: With the madvise call sharing opportunities are only enabled for the current process: it is a workload-local decision. A considerable number of sharing opportunities may exist across multiple workloads or jobs (if they are part of the same security domain). Only a higler level entity like a job scheduler or container can know for certain if its running one or more instances of a job. That job scheduler however doesn't have the necessary internal workload knowledge to make targeted madvise calls. Security concerns: In previous discussions security concerns have been brought up. The problem is that an individual workload does not have the knowledge about what else is running on a machine. Therefore it has to be very conservative in what memory areas can be shared or not. However, if the system is dedicated to running multiple jobs within the same security domain, its the job scheduler that has the knowledge that sharing can be safely enabled and is even desirable. Performance: Experiments with using UKSM have shown a capacity increase of around 20%. Here are the metrics from an instagram workload (taken from a machine with 64GB main memory): full_scans: 445 general_profit: 20158298048 max_page_sharing: 256 merge_across_nodes: 1 pages_shared: 129547 pages_sharing: 5119146 pages_to_scan: 4000 pages_unshared: 1760924 pages_volatile: 10761341 run: 1 sleep_millisecs: 20 stable_node_chains: 167 stable_node_chains_prune_millisecs: 2000 stable_node_dups: 2751 use_zero_pages: 0 zero_pages_sharing: 0 After the service is running for 30 minutes to an hour, 4 to 5 million shared pages are common for this workload when using KSM. Detailed changes: 1. New options for prctl system command This patch series adds two new options to the prctl system call. The first one allows to enable KSM at the process level and the second one to query the setting. The setting will be inherited by child processes. With the above setting, KSM can be enabled for the seed process of a cgroup and all processes in the cgroup will inherit the setting. 2. Changes to KSM processing When KSM is enabled at the process level, the KSM code will iterate over all the VMA's and enable KSM for the eligible VMA's. When forking a process that has KSM enabled, the setting will be inherited by the new child process. 3. Add general_profit metric The general_profit metric of KSM is specified in the documentation, but not calculated. This adds the general profit metric to /sys/kernel/debug/mm/ksm. 4. Add more metrics to ksm_stat This adds the process profit metric to /proc//ksm_stat. 5. Add more tests to ksm_tests and ksm_functional_tests This adds an option to specify the merge type to the ksm_tests. This allows to test madvise and prctl KSM. It also adds a two new tests to ksm_functional_tests: one to test the new prctl options and the other one is a fork test to verify that the KSM process setting is inherited by client processes. This patch (of 3): So far KSM can only be enabled by calling madvise for memory regions. To be able to use KSM for more workloads, KSM needs to have the ability to be enabled / disabled at the process / cgroup level. 1. New options for prctl system command This patch series adds two new options to the prctl system call. The first one allows to enable KSM at the process level and the second one to query the setting. The setting will be inherited by child processes. With the above setting, KSM can be enabled for the seed process of a cgroup and all processes in the cgroup will inherit the setting. 2. Changes to KSM processing When KSM is enabled at the process level, the KSM code will iterate over all the VMA's and enable KSM for the eligible VMA's. When forking a process that has KSM enabled, the setting will be inherited by the new child process. 1) Introduce new MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY flag This introduces the new flag MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY flag. When this flag is set, kernel samepage merging (ksm) gets enabled for all vma's of a process. 2) Setting VM_MERGEABLE on VMA creation When a VMA is created, if the MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY flag is set, the VM_MERGEABLE flag will be set for this VMA. 3) support disabling of ksm for a process This adds the ability to disable ksm for a process if ksm has been enabled for the process with prctl. 4) add new prctl option to get and set ksm for a process This adds two new options to the prctl system call - enable ksm for all vmas of a process (if the vmas support it). - query if ksm has been enabled for a process. 3. Disabling MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY for storage keys in s390 In the s390 architecture when storage keys are used, the MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY will be disabled. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230418051342.1919757-1-shr@devkernel.io Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230418051342.1919757-2-shr@devkernel.io Signed-off-by: Stefan Roesch Acked-by: David Hildenbrand Cc: David Hildenbrand Cc: Johannes Weiner Cc: Michal Hocko Cc: Rik van Riel Cc: Bagas Sanjaya Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

prctl: add PR_GET_AUXV to copy auxv to userspace

2023-04-18T23:29:53Z

If a library wants to get information from auxv (for instance, AT_HWCAP/AT_HWCAP2), it has a few options, none of them perfectly reliable or ideal: - Be main or the pre-main startup code, and grub through the stack above main. Doesn't work for a library. - Call libc getauxval. Not ideal for libraries that are trying to be libc-independent and/or don't otherwise require anything from other libraries. - Open and read /proc/self/auxv. Doesn't work for libraries that may run in arbitrarily constrained environments that may not have /proc mounted (e.g. libraries that might be used by an init program or a container setup tool). - Assume you're on the main thread and still on the original stack, and try to walk the stack upwards, hoping to find auxv. Extremely bad idea. - Ask the caller to pass auxv in for you. Not ideal for a user-friendly library, and then your caller may have the same problem. Add a prctl that copies current->mm->saved_auxv to a userspace buffer. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/d81864a7f7f43bca6afa2a09fc2e850e4050ab42.1680611394.git.josh@joshtriplett.org Signed-off-by: Josh Triplett Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

kernel/sys.c: fix and improve control flow in __sys_setres[ug]id()

2023-04-18T21:22:12Z

Linux Security Modules (LSMs) that implement the "capable" hook will usually emit an access denial message to the audit log whenever they "block" the current task from using the given capability based on their security policy. The occurrence of a denial is used as an indication that the given task has attempted an operation that requires the given access permission, so the callers of functions that perform LSM permission checks must take care to avoid calling them too early (before it is decided if the permission is actually needed to perform the requested operation). The __sys_setres[ug]id() functions violate this convention by first calling ns_capable_setid() and only then checking if the operation requires the capability or not. It means that any caller that has the capability granted by DAC (task's capability set) but not by MAC (LSMs) will generate a "denied" audit record, even if is doing an operation for which the capability is not required. Fix this by reordering the checks such that ns_capable_setid() is checked last and -EPERM is returned immediately if it returns false. While there, also do two small optimizations: * move the capability check before prepare_creds() and * bail out early in case of a no-op. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230217162154.837549-1-omosnace@redhat.com Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2") Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek Cc: Eric W. Biederman Cc: Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

Merge tag 'mm-stable-2023-02-20-13-37' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

2023-02-24T01:09:35Z

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - Daniel Verkamp has contributed a memfd series ("mm/memfd: add F_SEAL_EXEC") which permits the setting of the memfd execute bit at memfd creation time, with the option of sealing the state of the X bit. - Peter Xu adds a patch series ("mm/hugetlb: Make huge_pte_offset() thread-safe for pmd unshare") which addresses a rare race condition related to PMD unsharing. - Several folioification patch serieses from Matthew Wilcox, Vishal Moola, Sidhartha Kumar and Lorenzo Stoakes - Johannes Weiner has a series ("mm: push down lock_page_memcg()") which does perform some memcg maintenance and cleanup work. - SeongJae Park has added DAMOS filtering to DAMON, with the series "mm/damon/core: implement damos filter". These filters provide users with finer-grained control over DAMOS's actions. SeongJae has also done some DAMON cleanup work. - Kairui Song adds a series ("Clean up and fixes for swap"). - Vernon Yang contributed the series "Clean up and refinement for maple tree". - Yu Zhao has contributed the "mm: multi-gen LRU: memcg LRU" series. It adds to MGLRU an LRU of memcgs, to improve the scalability of global reclaim. - David Hildenbrand has added some userfaultfd cleanup work in the series "mm: uffd-wp + change_protection() cleanups". - Christoph Hellwig has removed the generic_writepages() library function in the series "remove generic_writepages". - Baolin Wang has performed some maintenance on the compaction code in his series "Some small improvements for compaction". - Sidhartha Kumar is doing some maintenance work on struct page in his series "Get rid of tail page fields". - David Hildenbrand contributed some cleanup, bugfixing and generalization of pte management and of pte debugging in his series "mm: support __HAVE_ARCH_PTE_SWP_EXCLUSIVE on all architectures with swap PTEs". - Mel Gorman and Neil Brown have removed the __GFP_ATOMIC allocation flag in the series "Discard __GFP_ATOMIC". - Sergey Senozhatsky has improved zsmalloc's memory utilization with his series "zsmalloc: make zspage chain size configurable". - Joey Gouly has added prctl() support for prohibiting the creation of writeable+executable mappings. The previous BPF-based approach had shortcomings. See "mm: In-kernel support for memory-deny-write-execute (MDWE)". - Waiman Long did some kmemleak cleanup and bugfixing in the series "mm/kmemleak: Simplify kmemleak_cond_resched() & fix UAF". - T.J. Alumbaugh has contributed some MGLRU cleanup work in his series "mm: multi-gen LRU: improve". - Jiaqi Yan has provided some enhancements to our memory error statistics reporting, mainly by presenting the statistics on a per-node basis. See the series "Introduce per NUMA node memory error statistics". - Mel Gorman has a second and hopefully final shot at fixing a CPU-hog regression in compaction via his series "Fix excessive CPU usage during compaction". - Christoph Hellwig does some vmalloc maintenance work in the series "cleanup vfree and vunmap". - Christoph Hellwig has removed block_device_operations.rw_page() in ths series "remove ->rw_page". - We get some maple_tree improvements and cleanups in Liam Howlett's series "VMA tree type safety and remove __vma_adjust()". - Suren Baghdasaryan has done some work on the maintainability of our vm_flags handling in the series "introduce vm_flags modifier functions". - Some pagemap cleanup and generalization work in Mike Rapoport's series "mm, arch: add generic implementation of pfn_valid() for FLATMEM" and "fixups for generic implementation of pfn_valid()" - Baoquan He has done some work to make /proc/vmallocinfo and /proc/kcore better represent the real state of things in his series "mm/vmalloc.c: allow vread() to read out vm_map_ram areas". - Jason Gunthorpe rationalized the GUP system's interface to the rest of the kernel in the series "Simplify the external interface for GUP". - SeongJae Park wishes to migrate people from DAMON's debugfs interface over to its sysfs interface. To support this, we'll temporarily be printing warnings when people use the debugfs interface. See the series "mm/damon: deprecate DAMON debugfs interface". - Andrey Konovalov provided the accurately named "lib/stackdepot: fixes and clean-ups" series. - Huang Ying has provided a dramatic reduction in migration's TLB flush IPI rates with the series "migrate_pages(): batch TLB flushing". - Arnd Bergmann has some objtool fixups in "objtool warning fixes". * tag 'mm-stable-2023-02-20-13-37' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (505 commits) include/linux/migrate.h: remove unneeded externs mm/memory_hotplug: cleanup return value handing in do_migrate_range() mm/uffd: fix comment in handling pte markers mm: change to return bool for isolate_movable_page() mm: hugetlb: change to return bool for isolate_hugetlb() mm: change to return bool for isolate_lru_page() mm: change to return bool for folio_isolate_lru() objtool: add UACCESS exceptions for __tsan_volatile_read/write kmsan: disable ftrace in kmsan core code kasan: mark addr_has_metadata __always_inline mm: memcontrol: rename memcg_kmem_enabled() sh: initialize max_mapnr m68k/nommu: add missing definition of ARCH_PFN_OFFSET mm: percpu: fix incorrect size in pcpu_obj_full_size() maple_tree: reduce stack usage with gcc-9 and earlier mm: page_alloc: call panic() when memoryless node allocation fails mm: multi-gen LRU: avoid futile retries migrate_pages: move THP/hugetlb migration support check to simplify code migrate_pages: batch flushing TLB migrate_pages: share more code between _unmap and _move ...

mm: implement memory-deny-write-execute as a prctl

2023-02-03T06:33:24Z

Patch series "mm: In-kernel support for memory-deny-write-execute (MDWE)", v2. The background to this is that systemd has a configuration option called MemoryDenyWriteExecute [2], implemented as a SECCOMP BPF filter. Its aim is to prevent a user task from inadvertently creating an executable mapping that is (or was) writeable. Since such BPF filter is stateless, it cannot detect mappings that were previously writeable but subsequently changed to read-only. Therefore the filter simply rejects any mprotect(PROT_EXEC). The side-effect is that on arm64 with BTI support (Branch Target Identification), the dynamic loader cannot change an ELF section from PROT_EXEC to PROT_EXEC|PROT_BTI using mprotect(). For libraries, it can resort to unmapping and re-mapping but for the main executable it does not have a file descriptor. The original bug report in the Red Hat bugzilla - [3] - and subsequent glibc workaround for libraries - [4]. This series adds in-kernel support for this feature as a prctl PR_SET_MDWE, that is inherited on fork(). The prctl denies PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC mappings. Like the systemd BPF filter it also denies adding PROT_EXEC to mappings. However unlike the BPF filter it only denies it if the mapping didn't previous have PROT_EXEC. This allows to PROT_EXEC -> PROT_EXEC | PROT_BTI with mprotect(), which is a problem with the BPF filter. This patch (of 2): The aim of such policy is to prevent a user task from creating an executable mapping that is also writeable. An example of mmap() returning -EACCESS if the policy is enabled: mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, flags, 0, 0); Similarly, mprotect() would return -EACCESS below: addr = mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, flags, 0, 0); mprotect(addr, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC); The BPF filter that systemd MDWE uses is stateless, and disallows mprotect() with PROT_EXEC completely. This new prctl allows PROT_EXEC to be enabled if it was already PROT_EXEC, which allows the following case: addr = mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, flags, 0, 0); mprotect(addr, size, PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC | PROT_BTI); where PROT_BTI enables branch tracking identification on arm64. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230119160344.54358-1-joey.gouly@arm.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230119160344.54358-2-joey.gouly@arm.com Signed-off-by: Joey Gouly Co-developed-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas Cc: Alexander Viro Cc: Jeremy Linton Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Lennart Poettering Cc: Mark Brown Cc: nd Cc: Shuah Khan Cc: Szabolcs Nagy Cc: Topi Miettinen Cc: Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek Cc: David Hildenbrand Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton