user/sven/linux.git/scripts/Makefile, branch v4.14.4

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

2017-11-02T10:10:55Z

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

Docs: clean up some DocBook loose ends

2017-06-23T20:17:38Z

There were a few bits and pieces left over from the now-disused DocBook toolchain; git rid of them. Reported-by: Markus Heiser Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet

docs: remove DocBook from the building system

2017-05-16T11:44:19Z

Now that we don't have any DocBook anymore, remove it from the building system. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab

GCC plugin infrastructure

2016-06-07T20:57:10Z

This patch allows to build the whole kernel with GCC plugins. It was ported from grsecurity/PaX. The infrastructure supports building out-of-tree modules and building in a separate directory. Cross-compilation is supported too. Currently the x86, arm, arm64 and uml architectures enable plugins. The directory of the gcc plugins is scripts/gcc-plugins. You can use a file or a directory there. The plugins compile with these options: * -fno-rtti: gcc is compiled with this option so the plugins must use it too * -fno-exceptions: this is inherited from gcc too * -fasynchronous-unwind-tables: this is inherited from gcc too * -ggdb: it is useful for debugging a plugin (better backtrace on internal errors) * -Wno-narrowing: to suppress warnings from gcc headers (ipa-utils.h) * -Wno-unused-variable: to suppress warnings from gcc headers (gcc_version variable, plugin-version.h) The infrastructure introduces a new Makefile target called gcc-plugins. It supports all gcc versions from 4.5 to 6.0. The scripts/gcc-plugin.sh script chooses the proper host compiler (gcc-4.7 can be built by either gcc or g++). This script also checks the availability of the included headers in scripts/gcc-plugins/gcc-common.h. The gcc-common.h header contains frequently included headers for GCC plugins and it has a compatibility layer for the supported gcc versions. The gcc-generate-*-pass.h headers automatically generate the registration structures for GIMPLE, SIMPLE_IPA, IPA and RTL passes. Note that 'make clean' keeps the *.so files (only the distclean or mrproper targets clean all) because they are needed for out-of-tree modules. Based on work created by the PaX Team. Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy Acked-by: Kees Cook Signed-off-by: Michal Marek

KEYS: Reserve an extra certificate symbol for inserting without recompiling

2016-02-26T15:30:20Z

Place a system_extra_cert buffer of configurable size, right after the system_certificate_list, so that inserted keys can be readily processed by the existing mechanism. Added script takes a key file and a kernel image and inserts its contents to the reserved area. The system_certificate_list_size is also adjusted accordingly. Call the script as: scripts/insert-sys-cert -b -c If vmlinux has no symbol table, supply System.map file with -s flag. Subsequent runs replace the previously inserted key, instead of appending the new one. Signed-off-by: Mehmet Kayaalp Signed-off-by: David Howells Acked-by: Mimi Zohar

DocBook: Use a fixed encoding for output

2015-09-28T07:31:48Z

Currently the encoding of documents generated by DocBook depends on the current locale. Make the output reproducible independently of the locale, by setting the encoding to UTF-8 (LC_CTYPE=C.UTF-8) by preference, or ASCII (LC_CTYPE=C) as a fallback. LC_CTYPE can normally be overridden by LC_ALL, but the top-level Makefile unsets that. Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings [jc: added check-lc_ctype to .gitignore] Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet

modsign: Use extract-cert to process CONFIG_SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYS

2015-08-12T16:01:01Z

Fix up the dependencies somewhat too, while we're at it. Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse Signed-off-by: David Howells

modsign: Extract signing cert from CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_KEY if needed

2015-08-07T15:26:14Z

Where an external PEM file or PKCS#11 URI is given, we can get the cert from it for ourselves instead of making the user drop signing_key.x509 in place for us. Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse Signed-off-by: David Howells

MODSIGN: Use PKCS#7 messages as module signatures

2015-08-07T15:26:13Z

Move to using PKCS#7 messages as module signatures because: (1) We have to be able to support the use of X.509 certificates that don't have a subjKeyId set. We're currently relying on this to look up the X.509 certificate in the trusted keyring list. (2) PKCS#7 message signed information blocks have a field that supplies the data required to match with the X.509 certificate that signed it. (3) The PKCS#7 certificate carries fields that specify the digest algorithm used to generate the signature in a standardised way and the X.509 certificates specify the public key algorithm in a standardised way - so we don't need our own methods of specifying these. (4) We now have PKCS#7 message support in the kernel for signed kexec purposes and we can make use of this. To make this work, the old sign-file script has been replaced with a program that needs compiling in a previous patch. The rules to build it are added here. Signed-off-by: David Howells Tested-by: Vivek Goyal

scripts/gdb: add infrastructure

2015-02-17T22:34:53Z

This provides the basic infrastructure to load kernel-specific python helper scripts when debugging the kernel in gdb. The loading mechanism is based on gdb loading for -gdb.py when opening . Therefore, this places a corresponding link to the main helper script into the output directory that contains vmlinux. The main scripts will pull in submodules containing Linux specific gdb commands and functions. To avoid polluting the source directory with compiled python modules, we link to them from the object directory. Due to gdb.parse_and_eval and string redirection for gdb.execute, we depend on gdb >= 7.2. This feature is enabled via CONFIG_GDB_SCRIPTS. Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka Acked-by: Michal Marek [kbuild stuff] Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Jason Wessel Cc: Andi Kleen Cc: Ben Widawsky Cc: Borislav Petkov Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds