From 97f5f0cd8cd0a05449cbb77d1e6f02e026875802 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Dmitry Torokhov Date: Sun, 21 Mar 2010 22:31:26 -0700 Subject: Input: implement SysRq as a separate input handler Instead of keeping SysRq support inside of legacy keyboard driver split it out into a separate input handler (filter). This stops most SysRq input events from leaking into evdev clients (some events, such as first SysRq scancode - not keycode - event, are still leaked into both legacy keyboard and evdev). [martinez.javier@gmail.com: fix compile error when CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ is not defined] Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov --- kernel/sysctl.c | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index 8686b0f5fc12..ce724a0dd0bb 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -163,6 +163,27 @@ static int proc_taint(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos); #endif +#ifdef CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ +static int __sysrq_enabled; /* Note: sysrq code ises it's own private copy */ + +static int sysrq_sysctl_handler(ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, + loff_t *ppos) +{ + int error; + + error = proc_dointvec(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos); + if (error) + return error; + + if (write) + sysrq_toggle_support(__sysrq_enabled); + + return 0; +} + +#endif + static struct ctl_table root_table[]; static struct ctl_table_root sysctl_table_root; static struct ctl_table_header root_table_header = { @@ -567,7 +588,7 @@ static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = { .data = &__sysrq_enabled, .maxlen = sizeof (int), .mode = 0644, - .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, + .proc_handler = sysrq_sysctl_handler, }, #endif #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL -- cgit v1.2.3 From 00b7c3395aec3df43de5bd02a3c5a099ca51169f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Amerigo Wang Date: Wed, 5 May 2010 00:26:45 +0000 Subject: sysctl: refactor integer handling proc code (Based on Octavian's work, and I modified a lot.) As we are about to add another integer handling proc function a little bit of cleanup is in order: add a few helper functions to improve code readability and decrease code duplication. In the process a bug is also fixed: if the user specifies a number with more then 20 digits it will be interpreted as two integers (e.g. 10000...13 will be interpreted as 100.... and 13). Behavior for EFAULT handling was changed as well. Previous to this patch, when an EFAULT error occurred in the middle of a write operation, although some of the elements were set, that was not acknowledged to the user (by shorting the write and returning the number of bytes accepted). EFAULT is now treated just like any other errors by acknowledging the amount of bytes accepted. Signed-off-by: Octavian Purdila Signed-off-by: WANG Cong Cc: Eric W. Biederman Signed-off-by: David S. Miller --- kernel/sysctl.c | 390 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 229 insertions(+), 161 deletions(-) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index 8686b0f5fc12..4a976208de29 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -2040,8 +2040,122 @@ int proc_dostring(struct ctl_table *table, int write, buffer, lenp, ppos); } +static size_t proc_skip_spaces(char **buf) +{ + size_t ret; + char *tmp = skip_spaces(*buf); + ret = tmp - *buf; + *buf = tmp; + return ret; +} + +#define TMPBUFLEN 22 +/** + * proc_get_long - reads an ASCII formated integer from a user buffer + * + * @buf - a kernel buffer + * @size - size of the kernel buffer + * @val - this is where the number will be stored + * @neg - set to %TRUE if number is negative + * @perm_tr - a vector which contains the allowed trailers + * @perm_tr_len - size of the perm_tr vector + * @tr - pointer to store the trailer character + * + * In case of success 0 is returned and buf and size are updated with + * the amount of bytes read. If tr is non NULL and a trailing + * character exist (size is non zero after returning from this + * function) tr is updated with the trailing character. + */ +static int proc_get_long(char **buf, size_t *size, + unsigned long *val, bool *neg, + const char *perm_tr, unsigned perm_tr_len, char *tr) +{ + int len; + char *p, tmp[TMPBUFLEN]; + + if (!*size) + return -EINVAL; + + len = *size; + if (len > TMPBUFLEN - 1) + len = TMPBUFLEN - 1; + + memcpy(tmp, *buf, len); + + tmp[len] = 0; + p = tmp; + if (*p == '-' && *size > 1) { + *neg = true; + p++; + } else + *neg = false; + if (!isdigit(*p)) + return -EINVAL; + + *val = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 0); + + len = p - tmp; + + /* We don't know if the next char is whitespace thus we may accept + * invalid integers (e.g. 1234...a) or two integers instead of one + * (e.g. 123...1). So lets not allow such large numbers. */ + if (len == TMPBUFLEN - 1) + return -EINVAL; + + if (len < *size && perm_tr_len && !memchr(perm_tr, *p, perm_tr_len)) + return -EINVAL; -static int do_proc_dointvec_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, + if (tr && (len < *size)) + *tr = *p; + + *buf += len; + *size -= len; + + return 0; +} + +/** + * proc_put_long - coverts an integer to a decimal ASCII formated string + * + * @buf - the user buffer + * @size - the size of the user buffer + * @val - the integer to be converted + * @neg - sign of the number, %TRUE for negative + * + * In case of success 0 is returned and buf and size are updated with + * the amount of bytes read. + */ +static int proc_put_long(void __user **buf, size_t *size, unsigned long val, + bool neg) +{ + int len; + char tmp[TMPBUFLEN], *p = tmp; + + sprintf(p, "%s%lu", neg ? "-" : "", val); + len = strlen(tmp); + if (len > *size) + len = *size; + if (copy_to_user(*buf, tmp, len)) + return -EFAULT; + *size -= len; + *buf += len; + return 0; +} +#undef TMPBUFLEN + +static int proc_put_char(void __user **buf, size_t *size, char c) +{ + if (*size) { + char __user **buffer = (char __user **)buf; + if (put_user(c, *buffer)) + return -EFAULT; + (*size)--, (*buffer)++; + *buf = *buffer; + } + return 0; +} + +static int do_proc_dointvec_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, int write, void *data) { @@ -2050,33 +2164,31 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, } else { int val = *valp; if (val < 0) { - *negp = -1; + *negp = true; *lvalp = (unsigned long)-val; } else { - *negp = 0; + *negp = false; *lvalp = (unsigned long)val; } } return 0; } +static const char proc_wspace_sep[] = { ' ', '\t', '\n' }; + static int __do_proc_dointvec(void *tbl_data, struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos, - int (*conv)(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, + int (*conv)(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, int write, void *data), void *data) { -#define TMPBUFLEN 21 - int *i, vleft, first = 1, neg; - unsigned long lval; - size_t left, len; - - char buf[TMPBUFLEN], *p; - char __user *s = buffer; + int *i, vleft, first = 1, err = 0; + unsigned long page = 0; + size_t left; + char *kbuf; - if (!tbl_data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp || - (*ppos && !write)) { + if (!tbl_data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp || (*ppos && !write)) { *lenp = 0; return 0; } @@ -2088,89 +2200,69 @@ static int __do_proc_dointvec(void *tbl_data, struct ctl_table *table, if (!conv) conv = do_proc_dointvec_conv; + if (write) { + if (left > PAGE_SIZE - 1) + left = PAGE_SIZE - 1; + page = __get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY); + kbuf = (char *) page; + if (!kbuf) + return -ENOMEM; + if (copy_from_user(kbuf, buffer, left)) { + err = -EFAULT; + goto free; + } + kbuf[left] = 0; + } + for (; left && vleft--; i++, first=0) { - if (write) { - while (left) { - char c; - if (get_user(c, s)) - return -EFAULT; - if (!isspace(c)) - break; - left--; - s++; - } - if (!left) - break; - neg = 0; - len = left; - if (len > sizeof(buf) - 1) - len = sizeof(buf) - 1; - if (copy_from_user(buf, s, len)) - return -EFAULT; - buf[len] = 0; - p = buf; - if (*p == '-' && left > 1) { - neg = 1; - p++; - } - if (*p < '0' || *p > '9') - break; + unsigned long lval; + bool neg; - lval = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 0); + if (write) { + left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf); - len = p-buf; - if ((len < left) && *p && !isspace(*p)) + err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &lval, &neg, + proc_wspace_sep, + sizeof(proc_wspace_sep), NULL); + if (err) break; - s += len; - left -= len; - - if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 1, data)) + if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 1, data)) { + err = -EINVAL; break; + } } else { - p = buf; + if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 0, data)) { + err = -EINVAL; + break; + } if (!first) - *p++ = '\t'; - - if (conv(&neg, &lval, i, 0, data)) + err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\t'); + if (err) + break; + err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, lval, neg); + if (err) break; - - sprintf(p, "%s%lu", neg ? "-" : "", lval); - len = strlen(buf); - if (len > left) - len = left; - if(copy_to_user(s, buf, len)) - return -EFAULT; - left -= len; - s += len; } } - if (!write && !first && left) { - if(put_user('\n', s)) - return -EFAULT; - left--, s++; - } + if (!write && !first && left && !err) + err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\n'); + if (write && !err) + left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf); +free: if (write) { - while (left) { - char c; - if (get_user(c, s++)) - return -EFAULT; - if (!isspace(c)) - break; - left--; - } + free_page(page); + if (first) + return err ? : -EINVAL; } - if (write && first) - return -EINVAL; *lenp -= left; *ppos += *lenp; - return 0; -#undef TMPBUFLEN + return err; } static int do_proc_dointvec(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos, - int (*conv)(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, + int (*conv)(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, int write, void *data), void *data) { @@ -2238,8 +2330,8 @@ struct do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv_param { int *max; }; -static int do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, - int *valp, +static int do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, + int *valp, int write, void *data) { struct do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv_param *param = data; @@ -2252,10 +2344,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_minmax_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, } else { int val = *valp; if (val < 0) { - *negp = -1; + *negp = true; *lvalp = (unsigned long)-val; } else { - *negp = 0; + *negp = false; *lvalp = (unsigned long)val; } } @@ -2295,102 +2387,78 @@ static int __do_proc_doulongvec_minmax(void *data, struct ctl_table *table, int unsigned long convmul, unsigned long convdiv) { -#define TMPBUFLEN 21 - unsigned long *i, *min, *max, val; - int vleft, first=1, neg; - size_t len, left; - char buf[TMPBUFLEN], *p; - char __user *s = buffer; - - if (!data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp || - (*ppos && !write)) { + unsigned long *i, *min, *max; + int vleft, first = 1, err = 0; + unsigned long page = 0; + size_t left; + char *kbuf; + + if (!data || !table->maxlen || !*lenp || (*ppos && !write)) { *lenp = 0; return 0; } - + i = (unsigned long *) data; min = (unsigned long *) table->extra1; max = (unsigned long *) table->extra2; vleft = table->maxlen / sizeof(unsigned long); left = *lenp; - + + if (write) { + if (left > PAGE_SIZE - 1) + left = PAGE_SIZE - 1; + page = __get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY); + kbuf = (char *) page; + if (!kbuf) + return -ENOMEM; + if (copy_from_user(kbuf, buffer, left)) { + err = -EFAULT; + goto free; + } + kbuf[left] = 0; + } + for (; left && vleft--; i++, min++, max++, first=0) { + unsigned long val; + if (write) { - while (left) { - char c; - if (get_user(c, s)) - return -EFAULT; - if (!isspace(c)) - break; - left--; - s++; - } - if (!left) - break; - neg = 0; - len = left; - if (len > TMPBUFLEN-1) - len = TMPBUFLEN-1; - if (copy_from_user(buf, s, len)) - return -EFAULT; - buf[len] = 0; - p = buf; - if (*p == '-' && left > 1) { - neg = 1; - p++; - } - if (*p < '0' || *p > '9') - break; - val = simple_strtoul(p, &p, 0) * convmul / convdiv ; - len = p-buf; - if ((len < left) && *p && !isspace(*p)) + bool neg; + + left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf); + + err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &val, &neg, + proc_wspace_sep, + sizeof(proc_wspace_sep), NULL); + if (err) break; if (neg) - val = -val; - s += len; - left -= len; - - if(neg) continue; if ((min && val < *min) || (max && val > *max)) continue; *i = val; } else { - p = buf; + val = convdiv * (*i) / convmul; if (!first) - *p++ = '\t'; - sprintf(p, "%lu", convdiv * (*i) / convmul); - len = strlen(buf); - if (len > left) - len = left; - if(copy_to_user(s, buf, len)) - return -EFAULT; - left -= len; - s += len; + err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\t'); + err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, val, false); + if (err) + break; } } - if (!write && !first && left) { - if(put_user('\n', s)) - return -EFAULT; - left--, s++; - } + if (!write && !first && left && !err) + err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\n'); + if (write && !err) + left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf); +free: if (write) { - while (left) { - char c; - if (get_user(c, s++)) - return -EFAULT; - if (!isspace(c)) - break; - left--; - } + free_page(page); + if (first) + return err ? : -EINVAL; } - if (write && first) - return -EINVAL; *lenp -= left; *ppos += *lenp; - return 0; -#undef TMPBUFLEN + return err; } static int do_proc_doulongvec_minmax(struct ctl_table *table, int write, @@ -2451,7 +2519,7 @@ int proc_doulongvec_ms_jiffies_minmax(struct ctl_table *table, int write, } -static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, +static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, int write, void *data) { @@ -2463,10 +2531,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int val = *valp; unsigned long lval; if (val < 0) { - *negp = -1; + *negp = true; lval = (unsigned long)-val; } else { - *negp = 0; + *negp = false; lval = (unsigned long)val; } *lvalp = lval / HZ; @@ -2474,7 +2542,7 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, return 0; } -static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, +static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, int write, void *data) { @@ -2486,10 +2554,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int val = *valp; unsigned long lval; if (val < 0) { - *negp = -1; + *negp = true; lval = (unsigned long)-val; } else { - *negp = 0; + *negp = false; lval = (unsigned long)val; } *lvalp = jiffies_to_clock_t(lval); @@ -2497,7 +2565,7 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_userhz_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, return 0; } -static int do_proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, +static int do_proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies_conv(bool *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int *valp, int write, void *data) { @@ -2507,10 +2575,10 @@ static int do_proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies_conv(int *negp, unsigned long *lvalp, int val = *valp; unsigned long lval; if (val < 0) { - *negp = -1; + *negp = true; lval = (unsigned long)-val; } else { - *negp = 0; + *negp = false; lval = (unsigned long)val; } *lvalp = jiffies_to_msecs(lval); -- cgit v1.2.3 From 9f977fb7ae9ddf565b4800854212fb9a1ed6c2ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Octavian Purdila Date: Wed, 5 May 2010 00:26:55 +0000 Subject: sysctl: add proc_do_large_bitmap The new function can be used to read/write large bitmaps via /proc. A comma separated range format is used for compact output and input (e.g. 1,3-4,10-10). Writing into the file will first reset the bitmap then update it based on the given input. Signed-off-by: Octavian Purdila Signed-off-by: WANG Cong Cc: Eric W. Biederman Signed-off-by: David S. Miller --- include/linux/sysctl.h | 2 + kernel/sysctl.c | 161 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 163 insertions(+) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/include/linux/sysctl.h b/include/linux/sysctl.h index f66014c90c9f..7bb5cb64f3b8 100644 --- a/include/linux/sysctl.h +++ b/include/linux/sysctl.h @@ -980,6 +980,8 @@ extern int proc_doulongvec_minmax(struct ctl_table *, int, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *); extern int proc_doulongvec_ms_jiffies_minmax(struct ctl_table *table, int, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *); +extern int proc_do_large_bitmap(struct ctl_table *, int, + void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *); /* * Register a set of sysctl names by calling register_sysctl_table diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index 4a976208de29..bcfb79e94ec7 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -2049,6 +2049,16 @@ static size_t proc_skip_spaces(char **buf) return ret; } +static void proc_skip_char(char **buf, size_t *size, const char v) +{ + while (*size) { + if (**buf != v) + break; + (*size)--; + (*buf)++; + } +} + #define TMPBUFLEN 22 /** * proc_get_long - reads an ASCII formated integer from a user buffer @@ -2675,6 +2685,157 @@ static int proc_do_cad_pid(struct ctl_table *table, int write, return 0; } +/** + * proc_do_large_bitmap - read/write from/to a large bitmap + * @table: the sysctl table + * @write: %TRUE if this is a write to the sysctl file + * @buffer: the user buffer + * @lenp: the size of the user buffer + * @ppos: file position + * + * The bitmap is stored at table->data and the bitmap length (in bits) + * in table->maxlen. + * + * We use a range comma separated format (e.g. 1,3-4,10-10) so that + * large bitmaps may be represented in a compact manner. Writing into + * the file will clear the bitmap then update it with the given input. + * + * Returns 0 on success. + */ +int proc_do_large_bitmap(struct ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos) +{ + int err = 0; + bool first = 1; + size_t left = *lenp; + unsigned long bitmap_len = table->maxlen; + unsigned long *bitmap = (unsigned long *) table->data; + unsigned long *tmp_bitmap = NULL; + char tr_a[] = { '-', ',', '\n' }, tr_b[] = { ',', '\n', 0 }, c; + + if (!bitmap_len || !left || (*ppos && !write)) { + *lenp = 0; + return 0; + } + + if (write) { + unsigned long page = 0; + char *kbuf; + + if (left > PAGE_SIZE - 1) + left = PAGE_SIZE - 1; + + page = __get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY); + kbuf = (char *) page; + if (!kbuf) + return -ENOMEM; + if (copy_from_user(kbuf, buffer, left)) { + free_page(page); + return -EFAULT; + } + kbuf[left] = 0; + + tmp_bitmap = kzalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(bitmap_len) * sizeof(unsigned long), + GFP_KERNEL); + if (!tmp_bitmap) { + free_page(page); + return -ENOMEM; + } + proc_skip_char(&kbuf, &left, '\n'); + while (!err && left) { + unsigned long val_a, val_b; + bool neg; + + err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &val_a, &neg, tr_a, + sizeof(tr_a), &c); + if (err) + break; + if (val_a >= bitmap_len || neg) { + err = -EINVAL; + break; + } + + val_b = val_a; + if (left) { + kbuf++; + left--; + } + + if (c == '-') { + err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &val_b, + &neg, tr_b, sizeof(tr_b), + &c); + if (err) + break; + if (val_b >= bitmap_len || neg || + val_a > val_b) { + err = -EINVAL; + break; + } + if (left) { + kbuf++; + left--; + } + } + + while (val_a <= val_b) + set_bit(val_a++, tmp_bitmap); + + first = 0; + proc_skip_char(&kbuf, &left, '\n'); + } + free_page(page); + } else { + unsigned long bit_a, bit_b = 0; + + while (left) { + bit_a = find_next_bit(bitmap, bitmap_len, bit_b); + if (bit_a >= bitmap_len) + break; + bit_b = find_next_zero_bit(bitmap, bitmap_len, + bit_a + 1) - 1; + + if (!first) { + err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, ','); + if (err) + break; + } + err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, bit_a, false); + if (err) + break; + if (bit_a != bit_b) { + err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '-'); + if (err) + break; + err = proc_put_long(&buffer, &left, bit_b, false); + if (err) + break; + } + + first = 0; bit_b++; + } + if (!err) + err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\n'); + } + + if (!err) { + if (write) { + if (*ppos) + bitmap_or(bitmap, bitmap, tmp_bitmap, bitmap_len); + else + memcpy(bitmap, tmp_bitmap, + BITS_TO_LONGS(bitmap_len) * sizeof(unsigned long)); + } + kfree(tmp_bitmap); + *lenp -= left; + *ppos += *lenp; + return 0; + } else { + kfree(tmp_bitmap); + return err; + } +} + #else /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */ int proc_dostring(struct ctl_table *table, int write, -- cgit v1.2.3 From ab3c68ee5fd329ba48094d3417fd60e30ea14a87 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Heiko Carstens Date: Mon, 17 May 2010 10:00:21 +0200 Subject: [S390] debug: enable exception-trace debug facility The exception-trace facility on x86 and other architectures prints traces to dmesg whenever a user space application crashes. s390 has such a feature since ages however it is called userprocess_debug and is enabled differently. This patch makes sure that whenever one of the two procfs files /proc/sys/kernel/userprocess_debug /proc/sys/debug/exception-trace is modified the contents of the second one changes as well. That way we keep backwards compatibilty but also support the same interface like other architectures do. Besides that the output of the traces is improved since it will now also contain the corresponding filename of the vma (when available) where the process caused a fault or trap. Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky --- arch/s390/Kconfig | 7 ------- arch/s390/kernel/traps.c | 31 +++++++++++++------------------ arch/s390/mm/fault.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++--------------- kernel/sysctl.c | 5 +++-- 4 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/arch/s390/Kconfig b/arch/s390/Kconfig index 0d8cd9bbe101..79d0ca086820 100644 --- a/arch/s390/Kconfig +++ b/arch/s390/Kconfig @@ -444,13 +444,6 @@ config FORCE_MAX_ZONEORDER int default "9" -config PROCESS_DEBUG - bool "Show crashed user process info" - help - Say Y to print all process fault locations to the console. This is - a debugging option; you probably do not want to set it unless you - are an S390 port maintainer. - config PFAULT bool "Pseudo page fault support" help diff --git a/arch/s390/kernel/traps.c b/arch/s390/kernel/traps.c index e605f070610c..5d8f0f3d0250 100644 --- a/arch/s390/kernel/traps.c +++ b/arch/s390/kernel/traps.c @@ -46,13 +46,7 @@ pgm_check_handler_t *pgm_check_table[128]; -#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL -#ifdef CONFIG_PROCESS_DEBUG -int sysctl_userprocess_debug = 1; -#else -int sysctl_userprocess_debug = 0; -#endif -#endif +int show_unhandled_signals; extern pgm_check_handler_t do_protection_exception; extern pgm_check_handler_t do_dat_exception; @@ -315,18 +309,19 @@ void die(const char * str, struct pt_regs * regs, long err) do_exit(SIGSEGV); } -static void inline -report_user_fault(long interruption_code, struct pt_regs *regs) +static void inline report_user_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, long int_code, + int signr) { -#if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) - if (!sysctl_userprocess_debug) + if ((task_pid_nr(current) > 1) && !show_unhandled_signals) return; -#endif -#if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) || defined(CONFIG_PROCESS_DEBUG) - printk("User process fault: interruption code 0x%lX\n", - interruption_code); + if (!unhandled_signal(current, signr)) + return; + if (!printk_ratelimit()) + return; + printk("User process fault: interruption code 0x%lX ", int_code); + print_vma_addr("in ", regs->psw.addr & PSW_ADDR_INSN); + printk("\n"); show_regs(regs); -#endif } int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long addr) @@ -354,7 +349,7 @@ static void __kprobes inline do_trap(long interruption_code, int signr, tsk->thread.trap_no = interruption_code & 0xffff; force_sig_info(signr, info, tsk); - report_user_fault(interruption_code, regs); + report_user_fault(regs, interruption_code, signr); } else { const struct exception_table_entry *fixup; fixup = search_exception_tables(regs->psw.addr & PSW_ADDR_INSN); @@ -390,7 +385,7 @@ static void default_trap_handler(struct pt_regs * regs, long interruption_code) { if (regs->psw.mask & PSW_MASK_PSTATE) { local_irq_enable(); - report_user_fault(interruption_code, regs); + report_user_fault(regs, interruption_code, SIGSEGV); do_exit(SIGSEGV); } else die("Unknown program exception", regs, interruption_code); diff --git a/arch/s390/mm/fault.c b/arch/s390/mm/fault.c index 3040d7c78fe0..2505b2ea0ef1 100644 --- a/arch/s390/mm/fault.c +++ b/arch/s390/mm/fault.c @@ -48,10 +48,6 @@ #define __PF_RES_FIELD 0x8000000000000000ULL #endif /* CONFIG_64BIT */ -#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL -extern int sysctl_userprocess_debug; -#endif - #define VM_FAULT_BADCONTEXT 0x010000 #define VM_FAULT_BADMAP 0x020000 #define VM_FAULT_BADACCESS 0x040000 @@ -120,6 +116,22 @@ static inline int user_space_fault(unsigned long trans_exc_code) return trans_exc_code != 3; } +static inline void report_user_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, long int_code, + int signr, unsigned long address) +{ + if ((task_pid_nr(current) > 1) && !show_unhandled_signals) + return; + if (!unhandled_signal(current, signr)) + return; + if (!printk_ratelimit()) + return; + printk("User process fault: interruption code 0x%lX ", int_code); + print_vma_addr(KERN_CONT "in ", regs->psw.addr & PSW_ADDR_INSN); + printk("\n"); + printk("failing address: %lX\n", address); + show_regs(regs); +} + /* * Send SIGSEGV to task. This is an external routine * to keep the stack usage of do_page_fault small. @@ -133,17 +145,7 @@ static noinline void do_sigsegv(struct pt_regs *regs, long int_code, address = trans_exc_code & __FAIL_ADDR_MASK; current->thread.prot_addr = address; current->thread.trap_no = int_code; -#if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) || defined(CONFIG_PROCESS_DEBUG) -#if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) - if (sysctl_userprocess_debug) -#endif - { - printk("User process fault: interruption code 0x%lX\n", - int_code); - printk("failing address: %lX\n", address); - show_regs(regs); - } -#endif + report_user_fault(regs, int_code, SIGSEGV, address); si.si_signo = SIGSEGV; si.si_code = si_code; si.si_addr = (void __user *) address; diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index 8686b0f5fc12..90f536d84643 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = { #endif { .procname = "userprocess_debug", - .data = &sysctl_userprocess_debug, + .data = &show_unhandled_signals, .maxlen = sizeof(int), .mode = 0644, .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, @@ -1431,7 +1431,8 @@ static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = { }; static struct ctl_table debug_table[] = { -#if defined(CONFIG_X86) || defined(CONFIG_PPC) || defined(CONFIG_SPARC) +#if defined(CONFIG_X86) || defined(CONFIG_PPC) || defined(CONFIG_SPARC) || \ + defined(CONFIG_S390) { .procname = "exception-trace", .data = &show_unhandled_signals, -- cgit v1.2.3 From b492e95be0ae672922f4734acf3f5d35c30be948 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jens Axboe Date: Wed, 19 May 2010 21:03:16 +0200 Subject: pipe: set lower and upper limit on max pages in the pipe page array We need at least two to guarantee proper POSIX behaviour, so never allow a smaller limit than that. Also expose a /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-pages sysctl file that allows root to define a sane upper limit. Make it default to 16 times the default size, which is 16 pages. Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe --- fs/pipe.c | 15 +++++++++++++++ include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h | 2 ++ kernel/sysctl.c | 9 +++++++++ 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/fs/pipe.c b/fs/pipe.c index 054b8a6a2c7a..d79872eba09a 100644 --- a/fs/pipe.c +++ b/fs/pipe.c @@ -19,10 +19,17 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include +/* + * The max size that a non-root user is allowed to grow the pipe. Can + * be set by root in /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-pages + */ +unsigned int pipe_max_pages = PIPE_DEF_BUFFERS * 16; + /* * We use a start+len construction, which provides full use of the * allocated memory. @@ -1162,6 +1169,14 @@ long pipe_fcntl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg) switch (cmd) { case F_SETPIPE_SZ: + if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && arg > pipe_max_pages) + return -EINVAL; + /* + * The pipe needs to be at least 2 pages large to + * guarantee POSIX behaviour. + */ + if (arg < 2) + return -EINVAL; ret = pipe_set_size(pipe, arg); break; case F_GETPIPE_SZ: diff --git a/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h b/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h index 65f4282fcbaf..16de3933c45e 100644 --- a/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h +++ b/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h @@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ void pipe_lock(struct pipe_inode_info *); void pipe_unlock(struct pipe_inode_info *); void pipe_double_lock(struct pipe_inode_info *, struct pipe_inode_info *); +extern unsigned int pipe_max_pages; + /* Drop the inode semaphore and wait for a pipe event, atomically */ void pipe_wait(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe); diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index 8686b0f5fc12..c649d1c5fe09 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include @@ -1423,6 +1424,14 @@ static struct ctl_table fs_table[] = { .child = binfmt_misc_table, }, #endif + { + .procname = "pipe-max-pages", + .data = &pipe_max_pages, + .maxlen = sizeof(int), + .mode = 0644, + .proc_handler = &proc_dointvec_minmax, + .extra1 = &two, + }, /* * NOTE: do not add new entries to this table unless you have read * Documentation/sysctl/ctl_unnumbered.txt -- cgit v1.2.3 From 0fc377bd648d1935ea34665239e3f0a274b71698 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Randy Dunlap Date: Fri, 21 May 2010 11:29:53 -0700 Subject: sysctl: fix kernel-doc notation and typos Fix kernel-doc warnings, kernel-doc special characters, and typos in recent kernel/sysctl.c additions. Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap Cc: Amerigo Wang Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds --- kernel/sysctl.c | 38 +++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index b12583047757..30acc6c87b1b 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -2083,20 +2083,20 @@ static void proc_skip_char(char **buf, size_t *size, const char v) #define TMPBUFLEN 22 /** - * proc_get_long - reads an ASCII formated integer from a user buffer + * proc_get_long - reads an ASCII formatted integer from a user buffer * - * @buf - a kernel buffer - * @size - size of the kernel buffer - * @val - this is where the number will be stored - * @neg - set to %TRUE if number is negative - * @perm_tr - a vector which contains the allowed trailers - * @perm_tr_len - size of the perm_tr vector - * @tr - pointer to store the trailer character + * @buf: a kernel buffer + * @size: size of the kernel buffer + * @val: this is where the number will be stored + * @neg: set to %TRUE if number is negative + * @perm_tr: a vector which contains the allowed trailers + * @perm_tr_len: size of the perm_tr vector + * @tr: pointer to store the trailer character * - * In case of success 0 is returned and buf and size are updated with - * the amount of bytes read. If tr is non NULL and a trailing - * character exist (size is non zero after returning from this - * function) tr is updated with the trailing character. + * In case of success %0 is returned and @buf and @size are updated with + * the amount of bytes read. If @tr is non-NULL and a trailing + * character exists (size is non-zero after returning from this + * function), @tr is updated with the trailing character. */ static int proc_get_long(char **buf, size_t *size, unsigned long *val, bool *neg, @@ -2147,15 +2147,15 @@ static int proc_get_long(char **buf, size_t *size, } /** - * proc_put_long - coverts an integer to a decimal ASCII formated string + * proc_put_long - converts an integer to a decimal ASCII formatted string * - * @buf - the user buffer - * @size - the size of the user buffer - * @val - the integer to be converted - * @neg - sign of the number, %TRUE for negative + * @buf: the user buffer + * @size: the size of the user buffer + * @val: the integer to be converted + * @neg: sign of the number, %TRUE for negative * - * In case of success 0 is returned and buf and size are updated with - * the amount of bytes read. + * In case of success %0 is returned and @buf and @size are updated with + * the amount of bytes written. */ static int proc_put_long(void __user **buf, size_t *size, unsigned long val, bool neg) -- cgit v1.2.3 From 76ab0f530e4a01d4dc20cdc1d5e87753c579dc18 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mel Gorman Date: Mon, 24 May 2010 14:32:28 -0700 Subject: mm: compaction: add /proc trigger for memory compaction Add a proc file /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory. When an arbitrary value is written to the file, all zones are compacted. The expected user of such a trigger is a job scheduler that prepares the system before the target application runs. Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman Acked-by: Rik van Riel Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro Reviewed-by: Christoph Lameter Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds --- Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt | 10 ++++++++ include/linux/compaction.h | 6 +++++ kernel/sysctl.c | 10 ++++++++ mm/compaction.c | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 88 insertions(+) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt index 6c7d18c53f84..56dd29b97a91 100644 --- a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt +++ b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ files can be found in mm/swap.c. Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/vm: - block_dump +- compact_memory - dirty_background_bytes - dirty_background_ratio - dirty_bytes @@ -64,6 +65,15 @@ information on block I/O debugging is in Documentation/laptops/laptop-mode.txt. ============================================================== +compact_memory + +Available only when CONFIG_COMPACTION is set. When 1 is written to the file, +all zones are compacted such that free memory is available in contiguous +blocks where possible. This can be important for example in the allocation of +huge pages although processes will also directly compact memory as required. + +============================================================== + dirty_background_bytes Contains the amount of dirty memory at which the pdflush background writeback diff --git a/include/linux/compaction.h b/include/linux/compaction.h index 465ca88615ed..572388880ba8 100644 --- a/include/linux/compaction.h +++ b/include/linux/compaction.h @@ -6,4 +6,10 @@ #define COMPACT_PARTIAL 1 #define COMPACT_COMPLETE 2 +#ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION +extern int sysctl_compact_memory; +extern int sysctl_compaction_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos); +#endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */ + #endif /* _LINUX_COMPACTION_H */ diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index 4c93486b45d1..284f330d6a01 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include #include @@ -1121,6 +1122,15 @@ static struct ctl_table vm_table[] = { .mode = 0644, .proc_handler = drop_caches_sysctl_handler, }, +#ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION + { + .procname = "compact_memory", + .data = &sysctl_compact_memory, + .maxlen = sizeof(int), + .mode = 0200, + .proc_handler = sysctl_compaction_handler, + }, +#endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */ { .procname = "min_free_kbytes", .data = &min_free_kbytes, diff --git a/mm/compaction.c b/mm/compaction.c index be1ff3f7552b..77854fbc0f56 100644 --- a/mm/compaction.c +++ b/mm/compaction.c @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include "internal.h" /* @@ -391,3 +392,64 @@ static int compact_zone(struct zone *zone, struct compact_control *cc) return ret; } + +/* Compact all zones within a node */ +static int compact_node(int nid) +{ + int zoneid; + pg_data_t *pgdat; + struct zone *zone; + + if (nid < 0 || nid >= nr_node_ids || !node_online(nid)) + return -EINVAL; + pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid); + + /* Flush pending updates to the LRU lists */ + lru_add_drain_all(); + + for (zoneid = 0; zoneid < MAX_NR_ZONES; zoneid++) { + struct compact_control cc = { + .nr_freepages = 0, + .nr_migratepages = 0, + }; + + zone = &pgdat->node_zones[zoneid]; + if (!populated_zone(zone)) + continue; + + cc.zone = zone; + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cc.freepages); + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cc.migratepages); + + compact_zone(zone, &cc); + + VM_BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cc.freepages)); + VM_BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cc.migratepages)); + } + + return 0; +} + +/* Compact all nodes in the system */ +static int compact_nodes(void) +{ + int nid; + + for_each_online_node(nid) + compact_node(nid); + + return COMPACT_COMPLETE; +} + +/* The written value is actually unused, all memory is compacted */ +int sysctl_compact_memory; + +/* This is the entry point for compacting all nodes via /proc/sys/vm */ +int sysctl_compaction_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos) +{ + if (write) + return compact_nodes(); + + return 0; +} -- cgit v1.2.3 From 5e7719058079a1423ccce56148b0aaa56b2df821 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mel Gorman Date: Mon, 24 May 2010 14:32:31 -0700 Subject: mm: compaction: add a tunable that decides when memory should be compacted and when it should be reclaimed The kernel applies some heuristics when deciding if memory should be compacted or reclaimed to satisfy a high-order allocation. One of these is based on the fragmentation. If the index is below 500, memory will not be compacted. This choice is arbitrary and not based on data. To help optimise the system and set a sensible default for this value, this patch adds a sysctl extfrag_threshold. The kernel will only compact memory if the fragmentation index is above the extfrag_threshold. [randy.dunlap@oracle.com: Fix build errors when proc fs is not configured] Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap Cc: Rik van Riel Cc: Minchan Kim Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds --- Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt | 15 +++++++++++++++ include/linux/compaction.h | 3 +++ kernel/sysctl.c | 15 +++++++++++++++ mm/compaction.c | 12 +++++++++++- 4 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt index 56dd29b97a91..5fdbb612aeb8 100644 --- a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt +++ b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt @@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ Currently, these files are in /proc/sys/vm: - dirty_ratio - dirty_writeback_centisecs - drop_caches +- extfrag_threshold - hugepages_treat_as_movable - hugetlb_shm_group - laptop_mode @@ -149,6 +150,20 @@ user should run `sync' first. ============================================================== +extfrag_threshold + +This parameter affects whether the kernel will compact memory or direct +reclaim to satisfy a high-order allocation. /proc/extfrag_index shows what +the fragmentation index for each order is in each zone in the system. Values +tending towards 0 imply allocations would fail due to lack of memory, +values towards 1000 imply failures are due to fragmentation and -1 implies +that the allocation will succeed as long as watermarks are met. + +The kernel will not compact memory in a zone if the +fragmentation index is <= extfrag_threshold. The default value is 500. + +============================================================== + hugepages_treat_as_movable This parameter is only useful when kernelcore= is specified at boot time to diff --git a/include/linux/compaction.h b/include/linux/compaction.h index eed40ec4280b..3719325c6091 100644 --- a/include/linux/compaction.h +++ b/include/linux/compaction.h @@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ extern int sysctl_compact_memory; extern int sysctl_compaction_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos); +extern int sysctl_extfrag_threshold; +extern int sysctl_extfrag_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos); extern int fragmentation_index(struct zone *zone, unsigned int order); extern unsigned long try_to_compact_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist, diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index 284f330d6a01..84ff5e75c084 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -263,6 +263,11 @@ static int min_sched_shares_ratelimit = 100000; /* 100 usec */ static int max_sched_shares_ratelimit = NSEC_PER_SEC; /* 1 second */ #endif +#ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION +static int min_extfrag_threshold; +static int max_extfrag_threshold = 1000; +#endif + static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = { { .procname = "sched_child_runs_first", @@ -1130,6 +1135,16 @@ static struct ctl_table vm_table[] = { .mode = 0200, .proc_handler = sysctl_compaction_handler, }, + { + .procname = "extfrag_threshold", + .data = &sysctl_extfrag_threshold, + .maxlen = sizeof(int), + .mode = 0644, + .proc_handler = sysctl_extfrag_handler, + .extra1 = &min_extfrag_threshold, + .extra2 = &max_extfrag_threshold, + }, + #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */ { .procname = "min_free_kbytes", diff --git a/mm/compaction.c b/mm/compaction.c index 9583e193dc47..94cce51b0b35 100644 --- a/mm/compaction.c +++ b/mm/compaction.c @@ -433,6 +433,8 @@ static unsigned long compact_zone_order(struct zone *zone, return compact_zone(zone, &cc); } +int sysctl_extfrag_threshold = 500; + /** * try_to_compact_pages - Direct compact to satisfy a high-order allocation * @zonelist: The zonelist used for the current allocation @@ -491,7 +493,7 @@ unsigned long try_to_compact_pages(struct zonelist *zonelist, * Only compact if a failure would be due to fragmentation. */ fragindex = fragmentation_index(zone, order); - if (fragindex >= 0 && fragindex <= 500) + if (fragindex >= 0 && fragindex <= sysctl_extfrag_threshold) continue; if (fragindex == -1 && zone_watermark_ok(zone, order, watermark, 0, 0)) { @@ -572,6 +574,14 @@ int sysctl_compaction_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write, return 0; } +int sysctl_extfrag_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write, + void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos) +{ + proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, length, ppos); + + return 0; +} + #if defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA) ssize_t sysfs_compact_node(struct sys_device *dev, struct sysdev_attribute *attr, -- cgit v1.2.3 From 563b04671017ea00ba563ebeebdc36bce79b1b60 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "J. R. Okajima" Date: Tue, 25 May 2010 16:10:14 -0700 Subject: proc_dointvec: write a single value The commit 00b7c3395aec3df43de5bd02a3c5a099ca51169f "sysctl: refactor integer handling proc code" modified the behaviour of writing to /proc. Before the commit, write("1\n") to /proc/sys/kernel/printk succeeded. But now it returns EINVAL. This commit supports writing a single value to a multi-valued entry. Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima Reviewed-and-tested-by: WANG Cong Signed-off-by: David S. Miller --- kernel/sysctl.c | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'kernel/sysctl.c') diff --git a/kernel/sysctl.c b/kernel/sysctl.c index b12583047757..f948f20f09cb 100644 --- a/kernel/sysctl.c +++ b/kernel/sysctl.c @@ -2253,6 +2253,8 @@ static int __do_proc_dointvec(void *tbl_data, struct ctl_table *table, if (write) { left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf); + if (!left) + break; err = proc_get_long(&kbuf, &left, &lval, &neg, proc_wspace_sep, sizeof(proc_wspace_sep), NULL); @@ -2279,7 +2281,7 @@ static int __do_proc_dointvec(void *tbl_data, struct ctl_table *table, if (!write && !first && left && !err) err = proc_put_char(&buffer, &left, '\n'); - if (write && !err) + if (write && !err && left) left -= proc_skip_spaces(&kbuf); free: if (write) { -- cgit v1.2.3