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2024-01-07Fix integer-overflow problem in intarray's g_int_decompress().Tom Lane
An array element equal to INT_MAX gave this code indigestion, causing an infinite loop that surely ended in SIGSEGV. We fixed some nearby problems awhile ago (cf 757c5182f) but missed this. Report and diagnosis by Alexander Lakhin (bug #18273); patch by me Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/18273-9a832d1da122600c@postgresql.org
2023-12-19pageinspect: Fix failure with hash_bitmap_info() for partitioned indexesMichael Paquier
This function reads directly a page from a relation, relying on index_open() to open the index to read from. Unfortunately, this would crash when using partitioned indexes, as these can be opened with index_open() but they have no physical pages. Alexander has fixed the module, while I have written the test. Author: Alexander Lakhin, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/18246-f4d9ff7cb3af77e6@postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 12
2023-12-19pgstattuple: Fix failure with pgstathashindex() for partitioned indexesMichael Paquier
As coded, the function relied on index_open() when opening an index relation, allowing partitioned indexes to be processed by pgstathashindex(). This was leading to a "could not open file" error because partitioned indexes have no physical files, or to a crash with an assertion failure (like on HEAD). This issue is fixed by applying the same checks as the other stat functions for indexes, with a lookup at both RELKIND_INDEX and the index AM expected. Author: Alexander Lakhin Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/18246-f4d9ff7cb3af77e6@postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 12
2023-11-23Fix resource leak when a FDW's ForeignAsyncRequest function failsHeikki Linnakangas
If an error is thrown after calling CreateWaitEventSet(), the memory of a WaitEventSet is free'd as it's allocated in the short-lived memory context, but the file descriptor (on epoll- or kqueue-based systems) or handles (on Windows) that it contains are leaked. Use PG_TRY-FINALLY to ensure it gets freed. (On master, I will apply a better fix, using ResourceOwners to track the WaitEventSet, but that's not backpatchable.) The added test doesn't check for leaking resources, so it passed even before this commit. But at least it covers the code path. In the passing, fix misleading comment on what the 'nevents' argument to WaitEventSetWait means. Report by Alexander Lakhin, analysis and suggestion for the fix by Tom Lane. Fixes bug #17828. Backpatch to v14 where async execution was introduced, but master gets a different fix. Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/17828-122da8cba23236be@postgresql.org Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/472235.1678387869@sss.pgh.pa.us
2023-10-31Adjust the order of the prechecks in pgrowlocks()David Rowley
4b8266415 added a precheck to pgrowlocks() to ensure the given object's pg_class.relam is HEAP_TABLE_AM_OID, however, that check was put before another check which was checking if the given object was a partitioned table. Since the pg_class.relam is always InvalidOid for partitioned tables, if pgrowlocks() was called passing a partitioned table, then the "only heap AM is supported" error would be raised instead of the intended error about the given object being a partitioned table. Here we simply move the pg_class.relam check to after the check that verifies that we are in fact working with a normal (non-partitioned) table. Reported-by: jian he Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxFaSp_WguFCf0X98951zFVX+dXFnF1mxAb-G3g1HiHOow@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 12, where 4b8266415 was introduced.
2023-10-30Diagnose !indisvalid in more SQL functions.Noah Misch
pgstatindex failed with ERRCODE_DATA_CORRUPTED, of the "can't-happen" class XX. The other functions succeeded on an empty index; they might have malfunctioned if the failed index build left torn I/O or other complex state. Report an ERROR in statistics functions pgstatindex, pgstatginindex, pgstathashindex, and pgstattuple. Report DEBUG1 and skip all index I/O in maintenance functions brin_desummarize_range, brin_summarize_new_values, brin_summarize_range, and gin_clean_pending_list. Back-patch to v11 (all supported versions). Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20231001195309.a3@google.com
2023-10-30amcheck: Distinguish interrupted page deletion from corruption.Noah Misch
This prevents false-positive reports about "the first child of leftmost target page is not leftmost of its level", "block %u is not leftmost" and "left link/right link pair". They appeared if amcheck ran before VACUUM cleaned things, after a cluster exited recovery between the first-stage and second-stage WAL records of a deletion. Back-patch to v11 (all supported versions). Reviewed by Peter Geoghegan. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20231005025232.c7.nmisch@google.com
2023-10-29btree_gin: Fix calculation of leftmost interval value.Dean Rasheed
Formerly, the value computed by leftmostvalue_interval() was a long way short of the minimum possible interval value. As a result, an index scan on a GIN index on an interval column with < or <= operators would miss large negative interval values. Fix by setting all fields of the leftmost interval to their minimum values, ensuring that the result is less than any other possible interval. Since this only affects index searches, no index rebuild is necessary. Back-patch to all supported branches. Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Heikki Linnakangas. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCV80%2BgOfF8ehNUUfaKBZgZMDfCfL-g1HhWGb6kC3rpDfw%40mail.gmail.com
2023-10-14Dissociate btequalimage() from interval_ops, ending its deduplication.Noah Misch
Under interval_ops, some equal values are distinguishable. One such pair is '24:00:00' and '1 day'. With that being so, btequalimage() breaches the documented contract for the "equalimage" btree support function. This can cause incorrect results from index-only scans. Users should REINDEX any btree indexes having interval-type columns. After updating, pg_amcheck will report an error for almost all such indexes. This fix makes interval_ops simply omit the support function, like numeric_ops does. Back-pack to v13, where btequalimage() first appeared. In back branches, for the benefit of old catalog content, btequalimage() code will return false for type "interval". Going forward, back-branch initdb will include the catalog change. Reviewed by Peter Geoghegan. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20231011013317.22.nmisch@google.com
2023-09-27unaccent: Tweak value of PYTHON when building without Python supportMichael Paquier
As coded, the module's Makefile would fail to set a value for PYTHON as it checked if the variable is defined. When compiling without --with-python, PYTHON is defined and set to an empty value, so the existing check is not able to do its work. This commit switches the rule to check if the value is empty rather than defined, allowing the generation of unaccent.rules even if --with-python is not used as long as "python" exists. BISON and FLEX do the same in pgxs.mk, for instance. Thinko in f85a485f89e2. Author: Japin Li Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/MEYP282MB1669F86C0DC7B4DC48489CB0B6C3A@MEYP282MB1669.AUSP282.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM Backpatch-through: 13
2023-09-26Fix another bug in parent page splitting during GiST index build.Heikki Linnakangas
Yet another bug in the ilk of commits a7ee7c851 and 741b88435. In 741b88435, we took care to clear the memorized location of the downlink when we split the parent page, because splitting the parent page can move the downlink. But we missed that even *updating* a tuple on the parent can move it, because updating a tuple on a gist page is implemented as a delete+insert, so the updated tuple gets moved to the end of the page. This commit fixes the bug in two different ways (belt and suspenders): 1. Clear the downlink when we update a tuple on the parent page, even if it's not split. This the same approach as in commits a7ee7c851 and 741b88435. I also noticed that gistFindCorrectParent did not clear the 'downlinkoffnum' when it stepped to the right sibling. Fix that too, as it seems like a clear bug even though I haven't been able to find a test case to hit that. 2. Change gistFindCorrectParent so that it treats 'downlinkoffnum' merely as a hint. It now always first checks if the downlink is still at that location, and if not, it scans the page like before. That's more robust if there are still more cases where we fail to clear 'downlinkoffnum' that we haven't yet uncovered. With this, it's no longer necessary to meticulously clear 'downlinkoffnum', so this makes the previous fixes unnecessary, but I didn't revert them because it still seems nice to clear it when we know that the downlink has moved. Also add the test case using the same test data that Alexander posted. I tried to reduce it to a smaller test, and I also tried to reproduce this with different test data, but I was not able to, so let's just include what we have. Backpatch to v12, like the previous fixes. Reported-by: Alexander Lakhin Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/18129-caca016eaf0c3702@postgresql.org
2023-08-30postgres_fdw: Fix test for parameterized foreign scan.Etsuro Fujita
Commit e4106b252 should have updated this test, but did not; back-patch to all supported branches. Reviewed by Richard Guo. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAPmGK15nR0NXLSCKQAcqbZbTzrzd5MozowWnTnGfPkayndF43Q%40mail.gmail.com
2023-07-28Disallow replacing joins with scans in problematic cases.Etsuro Fujita
Commit e7cb7ee14, which introduced the infrastructure for FDWs and custom scan providers to replace joins with scans, failed to add support handling of pseudoconstant quals assigned to replaced joins in createplan.c, leading to an incorrect plan without a gating Result node when postgres_fdw replaced a join with such a qual. To fix, we could add the support by 1) modifying the ForeignPath and CustomPath structs to store the list of RestrictInfo nodes to apply to the join, as in JoinPaths, if they represent foreign and custom scans replacing a join with a scan, and by 2) modifying create_scan_plan() in createplan.c to use that list in that case, instead of the baserestrictinfo list, to get pseudoconstant quals assigned to the join; but #1 would cause an ABI break. So fix by modifying the infrastructure to just disallow replacing joins with such quals. Back-patch to all supported branches. Reported by Nishant Sharma. Patch by me, reviewed by Nishant Sharma and Richard Guo. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADrsxdbcN1vejBaf8a%2BQhrZY5PXL-04mCd4GDu6qm6FigDZd6Q%40mail.gmail.com
2023-07-24Make test_decoding ddl.out shorterAlvaro Herrera
Some of the test_decoding test output was extremely wide, because it deals with massive toasted values, and the aligned mode causes psql to produce 200kB of whitespace and dashes. Change to unaligned mode temporarily to avoid that behavior. Backpatch to 14, where it applies cleanly. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230405103953.sxleixp3uz5lazst@alvherre.pgsql
2023-07-13Remove unnecessary pfree() in g_intbig_compress().Tom Lane
GiST compress functions (like all GiST opclass functions) are supposed to be called in short-lived memory contexts, so that minor memory leaks in them are not of concern, and indeed explicit pfree's are likely slightly counterproductive. But this one in g_intbig_compress() is more than slightly counterproductive, because it's guarded by "if (in != DatumGetArrayTypeP(entry->key))" which means that if this test succeeds, we've detoasted the datum twice. (And to add insult to injury, the extra detoast result is leaked.) Let's just drop the whole stanza, relying on the GiST temporary context mechanism to clean up in good time. The analogous bit in g_int_compress() is if (r != (ArrayType *) DatumGetPointer(entry->key)) pfree(r); which doesn't have the gratuitous-detoast problem so I left it alone. Perhaps there is a case for removing unnecessary pfree's more widely, but I'm not sure if it's worth the code churn. The potential extra decompress seems expensive enough to justify calling this a (minor) performance bug and back-patching. Konstantin Knizhnik, Matthias van de Meent, Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEze2Wi86=DxErfvf+SCB2UKmU2amKOF60BKuJOX=w-RojRn0A@mail.gmail.com
2023-07-03Remove expensive test of postgres_fdw batch insertsTomas Vondra
The test inserted 70k rows into a foreign table, in order to verify correct behavior with more than 65535 parameters, and was added in response to a bug report. However, this is rather expensive, especially when running the tests under valgrind, CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS etc. It doesn't seem worth it to keep running the test, so remove it from all branches (14+). Backpatch-through: 14 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2131017.1623451468@sss.pgh.pa.us
2023-06-29pg_stat_statements: Fix second comment related to entry resetsMichael Paquier
This should have been part of dc73db6, but it got lost in the mix. Oversight in 6b4d23f. Author: Japin Li Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/MEYP282MB1669FC91C764E277821936D3B624A@MEYP282MB1669.AUSP282.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM Backpatch-through: 14
2023-06-29pg_stat_statements: Fix incorrect comment with entry resetsMichael Paquier
Oversight in 6b4d23f. Author: Japin Li, Richard Guo Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/MEYP282MB1669FC91C764E277821936D3B624A@MEYP282MB1669.AUSP282.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM Backpatch-through: 14
2023-06-27Fix comment on clearing padding.Heikki Linnakangas
Author: Japin Li Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/MEYP282MB16696317B5DA7D0D92306149B627A@MEYP282MB1669.AUSP282.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM
2023-06-15intarray: Prevent out-of-bound memory reads with gist__int_opsMichael Paquier
As gist__int_ops stands in intarray, it is possible to store GiST entries for leaf pages that can cause corruptions when decompressed. Leaf nodes are stored as decompressed all the time by the compression method, and the decompression method should map with that, retrieving the contents of the page without doing any decompression. However, the code authorized the insertion of leaf page data with a higher number of array items than what can be supported, generating a NOTICE message to inform about this matter (199 for a 8k page, for reference). When calling the decompression method, a decompression would be attempted on this leaf node item but the contents should be retrieved as they are. The NOTICE message generated when dealing with the compression of a leaf page and too many elements in the input array for gist__int_ops has been introduced by 08ee64e, removing the marker stored in the array to track if this is actually a leaf node. However, it also missed the fact that the decompression path should do nothing for a leaf page. Hence, as the code stand, a too-large array would be stored as uncompressed but the decompression path would attempt a decompression rather that retrieving the contents as they are. This leads to various problems. First, even if 08ee64e tried to address that, it is possible to do out-of-bound chunk writes with a large input array, with the backend informing about that with WARNINGs. On decompression, retrieving the stored leaf data would lead to incorrect memory reads, leading to crashes or even worse. Perhaps somebody would be interested in expanding the number of array items that can be handled in a leaf page for this operator in the future, which would require revisiting the choice done in 08ee64e, but based on the lack of reports about this problem since 2005 it does not look so. For now, this commit prevents the insertion of data for leaf pages when using more array items that the code can handle on decompression, switching the NOTICE message to an ERROR. If one wishes to use more array items, gist__intbig_ops is an optional choice. While on it, use ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED as error code when a limit is reached, because that's what the module is facing in such cases. Author: Ankit Kumar Pandey, Alexander Lakhin Reviewed-by: Richard Guo, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/796b65c3-57b7-bddf-b0d5-a8afafb8b627@gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17888-f72930e6b5ce8c14@postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 11
2023-06-12hstore: Tighten key/value parsing check for whitespacesMichael Paquier
isspace() can be locale-sensitive depending on the platform, causing hstore to consider as whitespaces characters it should not see as such. For example, U+0105, being decoded as 0xC4 0x85 in UTF-8, would be discarded from the input given. This problem is similar to 9ae2661, though it was missed that hstore can also manipulate non-ASCII inputs, so replace the existing isspace() calls with scanner_isspace(). This problem exists for a long time, so backpatch all the way down. Author: Evan Jones Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HWA9awUW0+RV_gO9r1ABZwGoZxPztcJxPy8vMFSTbTfi4jig@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 11
2023-05-19pageinspect: Fix gist_page_items() with included columnsMichael Paquier
Non-leaf pages of GiST indexes contain key attributes, leaf pages contain both key and non-key attributes, and gist_page_items() ignored the handling of non-key attributes. This caused a few problems when using gist_page_items() on a GiST index with INCLUDE: - On a non-leaf page, the function would crash. - On a leaf page, the function would work, but miss to display all the values for included attributes. This commit fixes gist_page_items() to handle such cases in a more appropriate way, and now displays the values of key and non-key attributes for each item separately in a style consistent with what ruleutils.c would generate for the attribute list, depending on the page type dealt with. In a way similar to how a record is displayed, values would be double-quoted for key or non-key attributes if required. ruleutils.c did not provide a routine able to control if non-key attributes should be displayed, so an extended() routine for index definitions is added to work around the leaf and non-leaf page differences. While on it, this commit fixes a third problem related to the amount of data reported for key attributes. The code originally relied on BuildIndexValueDescription() (used for error reports on constraints) that would not print all the data stored in the index but the index opclass's input type, so this limited the amount of information available. This switch makes gist_page_items() much cheaper as there is no need to run ACL checks for each item printed, which is not an issue anyway as superuser rights are required to execute the functions of pageinspect. Opclasses whose data cannot be displayed can rely on gist_page_items_bytea(). The documentation of this function was slightly incorrect for the output results generated on HEAD and v15, so adjust it on these branches. Author: Alexander Lakhin, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17884-cb8c326522977acb@postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 14
2023-05-16Ensure Soundex difference() function handles empty input sanely.Tom Lane
fuzzystrmatch's difference() function assumes that _soundex() always initializes its output buffer fully. This was not so for the case of a string containing no alphabetic characters, resulting in unstable output and Valgrind complaints. Fix by using memset() to fill the whole buffer in the early-exit case. Also make some cosmetic improvements (I didn't care for the random switches between "instr[0]" and "*instr" notation). Report and diagnosis by Alexander Lakhin (bug #17935). Back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17935-b99316aa79c18513@postgresql.org
2023-05-08Adjust sepgsql expected output for 681d9e462 et al.Tom Lane
Security: CVE-2023-2454
2023-05-08Replace last PushOverrideSearchPath() call with set_config_option().Noah Misch
The two methods don't cooperate, so set_config_option("search_path", ...) has been ineffective under non-empty overrideStack. This defect enabled an attacker having database-level CREATE privilege to execute arbitrary code as the bootstrap superuser. While that particular attack requires v13+ for the trusted extension attribute, other attacks are feasible in all supported versions. Standardize on the combination of NewGUCNestLevel() and set_config_option("search_path", ...). It is newer than PushOverrideSearchPath(), more-prevalent, and has no known disadvantages. The "override" mechanism remains for now, for compatibility with out-of-tree code. Users should update such code, which likely suffers from the same sort of vulnerability closed here. Back-patch to v11 (all supported versions). Alexander Lakhin. Reported by Alexander Lakhin. Security: CVE-2023-2454
2023-04-27In hstore_plpython, avoid crashing when return value isn't a mapping.Tom Lane
Python 3 changed the behavior of PyMapping_Check(), breaking the test in plpython_to_hstore() that verifies whether a function result to be transformed is acceptable. A backwards-compatible fix is to first verify that the object doesn't pass PySequence_Check(). Perhaps accidentally, our other uses of PyMapping_Check() already follow uses of PySequence_Check(), so that no other bugs were created by this change. Per bug #17908 from Alexander Lakhin. Back-patch to all supported branches. Dmitry Dolgov and Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17908-3f19a125d56a11d6@postgresql.org
2023-04-25Fix buffer refcount leak with FDW bulk insertsMichael Paquier
The leak would show up when using batch inserts with foreign tables included in a partition tree, as the slots used in the batch were not reset once processed. In order to fix this problem, some ExecClearTuple() are added to clean up the slots used once a batch is filled and processed, mapping with the number of slots currently in use as tracked by the counter ri_NumSlots. This buffer refcount leak has been introduced in b676ac4 with the addition of the executor facility to improve bulk inserts for FDWs, so backpatch down to 14. Alexander has provided the patch (slightly modified by me). The test for postgres_fdw comes from me, based on the test case that the author has sent in the report. Author: Alexander Pyhalov Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b035780a740efd38dc30790c76927255@postgrespro.ru Backpatch-through: 14
2023-04-23Validate ltree siglen GiST option to be int-alignedAlexander Korotkov
Unaligned siglen could lead to an unaligned access to subsequent key fields. Backpatch to 13, where opclass options were introduced. Reported-by: Alexander Lakhin Bug: 17847 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17847-171232970bea406b%40postgresql.org Reviewed-by: Tom Lane, Pavel Borisov, Alexander Lakhin Backpatch-through: 13
2023-03-28amcheck: In verify_heapam, allows tuples with xmin 0.Robert Haas
Commit e88754a1965c0f40a723e6e46d670cacda9e19bd caused that case to be reported as corruption, but Peter Geoghegan pointed out that it can legitimately happen in the case of a speculative insertion that aborts, so we'd better not flag it as corruption after all. Back-patch to v14, like the commit that introduced the issue. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzmEabzcPTxSY-NXKH6Qt3FkAPYHGQSe2PtvGgj17ZQkCw@mail.gmail.com
2023-03-24amcheck: Fix verify_heapam for tuples where xmin or xmax is 0.Robert Haas
In such cases, get_xid_status() doesn't set its output parameter (the third argument), so we shouldn't fall through to code which will test the value of that parameter. There are five existing calls to get_xid_status(), three of which seem to already handle this case properly. This commit tries to fix the other two. If we're checking xmin and find that it is invalid (i.e. 0) just report that as corruption, similar to what's already done in the three cases that seem correct. If we're checking xmax and find that's invalid, that's fine: it just means that the tuple hasn't been updated or deleted. Thanks to Andres Freund and valgrind for finding this problem, and also to Andres for having a look at the patch. This bug seems to go all the way back to where verify_heapam was first introduced, but wasn't detected until recently, possibly because of the new test cases added for update chain verification. Back-patch to v14, where this code showed up. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoZAYzQZqyUparXy_ks3OEOfLD9-bEXt8N-2tS1qghX9gQ@mail.gmail.com
2023-03-11amcheck: Fix FullTransactionIdFromXidAndCtx() for xids before epoch 0Andres Freund
64bit xids can't represent xids before epoch 0 (see also be504a3e974). When FullTransactionIdFromXidAndCtx() was passed such an xid, it'd create a 64bit xid far into the future. Noticed while adding assertions in the course of investigating be504a3e974, as amcheck's test create such xids. To fix the issue, just return FirstNormalFullTransactionId in this case. A freshly initdb'd cluster already has a newer horizon. The most minimal version of this would make the messages for some detected corruptions differently inaccurate. To make those cases accurate, switch FullTransactionIdFromXidAndCtx() to use the 32bit modulo difference between xid and nextxid to compute the 64bit xid, yielding sensible "in the future" / "in the past" answers. Reviewed-by: Mark Dilger <mark.dilger@enterprisedb.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230108002923.cyoser3ttmt63bfn@awork3.anarazel.de Backpatch: 14-, where heapam verification was introduced
2023-03-11amcheck: Fix ordering bug in update_cached_xid_range()Andres Freund
The initialization order in update_cached_xid_range() was wrong, calling FullTransactionIdFromXidAndCtx() before setting ->next_xid. FullTransactionIdFromXidAndCtx() uses ->next_xid. In most situations this will not cause visible issues, because the next call to update_cached_xid_range() will use a less wrong ->next_xid. It's rare that xids advance fast enough for this to be a problem. Found while adding more asserts to the 64bit xid infrastructure. Reviewed-by: Mark Dilger <mark.dilger@enterprisedb.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230108002923.cyoser3ttmt63bfn@awork3.anarazel.de Backpatch: 14-, where heapam verification was introduced
2023-03-11Fix misbehavior in contrib/pg_trgm with an unsatisfiable regex.Tom Lane
If the regex compiler can see that a regex is unsatisfiable (for example, '$foo') then it may emit an NFA having no arcs. pg_trgm's packGraph function did the wrong thing in this case; it would access off the end of a work array, and with bad luck could produce a corrupted output data structure causing more problems later. This could end with wrong answers or crashes in queries using a pg_trgm GIN or GiST index with such a regex. Fix by not trying to de-duplicate if there aren't at least 2 arcs. Per bug #17830 from Alexander Lakhin. Back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17830-57ff5f89bdb02b09@postgresql.org
2023-03-02pageinspect: Fix crash with gist_page_items()Michael Paquier
Attempting to use this function with a raw page not coming from a GiST index would cause a crash, as it was missing the same sanity checks as gist_page_items_bytea(). This slightly refactors the code so as all the basic validation checks for GiST pages are done in a single routine, in the same fashion as the pageinspect functions for hash and BRIN. This fixes an issue similar to 076f4d9. A test is added to stress for this case. While on it, I have added a similar test for brin_page_items() with a combination make of a valid GiST index and a raw btree page. This one was already protected, but it was not tested. Reported-by: Egor Chindyaskin Author: Dmitry Koval Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17815-fc4a2d3b74705703@postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 14
2023-02-27Harden postgres_fdw tests against unexpected cache flushes.Tom Lane
postgres_fdw will close its remote session if an sinval cache reset occurs, since it's possible that that means some FDW parameters changed. We had two tests that were trying to ensure that the session remains alive by setting debug_discard_caches = 0; but that's not sufficient. Even though the tests seem stable enough in the buildfarm, they flap a lot under CI. In the first test, which is checking the ability to recover from a lost connection, we can stabilize the results by just not caring whether pg_terminate_backend() finds a victim backend. If a reset did happen, there won't be a session to terminate anymore, but the test can proceed anyway. (Arguably, we are then not testing the unintentional-disconnect case, but as long as that scenario is exercised in most runs I think it's fine; testing the reset-driven case is of value too.) In the second test, which is trying to verify the application_name displayed in pg_stat_activity by a remote session, we had a race condition in that the remote session might go away before we can fetch its pg_stat_activity entry. We can close that race and make the test more certainly test what it intends to by arranging things so that the remote session itself fetches its pg_stat_activity entry (based on PID rather than a somewhat-circular assumption about the application name). Both tests now demonstrably pass under debug_discard_caches = 1, so we can remove that hack. Back-patch into relevant back branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230226194340.u44bkfgyz64c67i6@awork3.anarazel.de
2023-01-05Fix calculation of which GENERATED columns need to be updated.Tom Lane
We were identifying the updatable generated columns of inheritance children by transposing the calculation made for their parent. However, there's nothing that says a traditional-inheritance child can't have generated columns that aren't there in its parent, or that have different dependencies than are in the parent's expression. (At present it seems that we don't enforce that for partitioning either, which is likely wrong to some degree or other; but the case clearly needs to be handled with traditional inheritance.) Hence, drop the very-klugy-anyway "extraUpdatedCols" RTE field in favor of identifying which generated columns depend on updated columns during executor startup. In HEAD we can remove extraUpdatedCols altogether; in back branches, it's still there but always empty. Another difference between the HEAD and back-branch versions of this patch is that in HEAD we can add the new bitmap field to ResultRelInfo, but that would cause an ABI break in back branches. Like 4b3e37993, add a List field at the end of struct EState instead. Back-patch to v13. The bogus calculation is also being made in v12, but it doesn't have the same visible effect because we don't use it to decide which generated columns to recalculate; as a consequence of which the patch doesn't apply easily. I think that there might still be a demonstrable bug associated with trigger firing conditions, but that's such a weird corner-case usage that I'm content to leave it unfixed in v12. Amit Langote and Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqFshLKNvQUd1DgwJ-7tsTp=dwv7KZqXC4j2wYBV1aCDUA@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2793383.1672944799@sss.pgh.pa.us
2022-12-21Fix contrib/seg to be more wary of long input numbers.Tom Lane
seg stores the number of significant digits in an input number in a "char" field. If char is signed, and the input is more than 127 digits long, the count can read out as negative causing seg_out() to print garbage (or, if you're really unlucky, even crash). To fix, clamp the digit count to be not more than FLT_DIG. (In theory this loses some information about what the original input was, but it doesn't seem like useful information; it would not survive dump/restore in any case.) Also, in case there are stored values of the seg type containing bad data, add a clamp in seg_out's restore() subroutine. Per bug #17725 from Robins Tharakan. It's been like this forever, so back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17725-0a09313b67fbe86e@postgresql.org
2022-11-25Fix handling of pending inserts in nodeModifyTable.c.Etsuro Fujita
Commit b663a4136, which allowed FDWs to INSERT rows in bulk, added to nodeModifyTable.c code to flush pending inserts to the foreign-table result relation(s) before completing processing of the ModifyTable node, but the code failed to take into account the case where the INSERT query has modifying CTEs, leading to incorrect results. Also, that commit failed to flush pending inserts before firing BEFORE ROW triggers so that rows are visible to such triggers. In that commit we scanned through EState's es_tuple_routing_result_relations or es_opened_result_relations list to find the foreign-table result relations to which pending inserts are flushed, but that would be inefficient in some cases. So to fix, 1) add a List member to EState to record the insert-pending result relations, and 2) modify nodeModifyTable.c so that it adds the foreign-table result relation to the list in ExecInsert() if appropriate, and flushes pending inserts properly using the list where needed. While here, fix a copy-and-pasteo in a comment in ExecBatchInsert(), which was added by that commit. Back-patch to v14 where that commit appeared. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPmGK16qutyCmyJJzgQOhfBq%3DNoGDqTB6O0QBZTihrbqre%2BoxA%40mail.gmail.com
2022-11-21Revert "Prevent instability in contrib/pageinspect's regression test."Tom Lane
This reverts commit 5cda142bb9d2bd7e7ed1c22ae89afe58abfa8d7b (in v14 only). It turns out that that fails under force_parallel_mode = regress, because pageinspect's disk-access functions are marked parallel safe, which they are not if you try to use them on a temp table. The cost of fixing that pre-v15 seems to exceed the value of making this test case fully stable, so we will just leave things as-is in v14.
2022-11-21Prevent instability in contrib/pageinspect's regression test.Tom Lane
pageinspect has occasionally failed on slow buildfarm members, with symptoms indicating that the expected effects of VACUUM FREEZE didn't happen. This is presumably because a background transaction such as auto-analyze was holding back global xmin. We can work around that by using a temp table in the test. Since commit a7212be8b, that will use an up-to-date cutoff xmin regardless of other processes. And pageinspect itself shouldn't really care whether the table is temp. Back-patch to v14. There would be no point in older branches without back-patching a7212be8b, which seems like more trouble than the problem is worth. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2892135.1668976646@sss.pgh.pa.us
2022-11-17Replace RelationOpenSmgr() with RelationGetSmgr().Tom Lane
This is a back-patch of the v15-era commit f10f0ae42 into older supported branches. The idea is to design out bugs in which an ill-timed relcache flush clears rel->rd_smgr partway through some code sequence that wasn't expecting that. We had another report today of a corner case that reliably crashes v14 under debug_discard_caches (nee CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS), and therefore would crash once in a blue moon in the field. We're unlikely to get rid of all such code paths unless we adopt the more rigorous coding rules instituted by f10f0ae42. Therefore, even though this is a bit invasive, it's time to back-patch. Some comfort can be taken in the fact that f10f0ae42 has been in v15 for 16 months without problems. I left the RelationOpenSmgr macro present in the back branches, even though no core code should use it anymore, in order to not break third-party extensions in minor releases. Such extensions might opt to start using RelationGetSmgr instead, to reduce their code differential between v15 and earlier branches. This carries a hazard of failing to compile against headers from existing minor releases. However, once compiled the extension should work fine even with such releases, because RelationGetSmgr is a "static inline" function so it creates no link-time dependency. So depending on distribution practices, that might be an OK tradeoff. Per report from Spyridon Dimitrios Agathos. Original patch by Amul Sul. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAFM5RaqdgyusQvmWkyPYaWMwoK5gigdtW-7HcgHgOeAw7mqJ_Q@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANiYTQsU7yMFpQYnv=BrcRVqK_3U3mtAzAsJCaqtzsDHfsUbdQ@mail.gmail.com
2022-11-01pg_stat_statements: fetch stmt location/length before it disappears.Tom Lane
When executing a utility statement, we must fetch everything we need out of the PlannedStmt data structure before calling standard_ProcessUtility. In certain cases (possibly only ROLLBACK in extended query protocol), that data structure will get freed during command execution. The situation is probably often harmless in production builds, but in debug builds we intentionally overwrite the freed memory with garbage, leading to picking up garbage values of statement location and length, typically causing an assertion failure later in pg_stat_statements. In non-debug builds, if something did go wrong it would likely lead to storing garbage for the query string. Report and fix by zhaoqigui (with cosmetic adjustments by me). It's an old problem, so back-patch to all supported versions. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17663-a344fd0675f92128@postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1667307420050.56657@hundsun.com
2022-10-21Fix executing invalidation messages generated by subtransactions during ↵Amit Kapila
decoding. This problem has been introduced by commit 272248a0c1 where we started assigning the subtransactions to the top-level transaction when we mark both the top-level transaction and its subtransactions as containing catalog changes. After we assign subtransactions to the top-level transaction, we were not allowed to execute any invalidations associated with it when we decide to skip the transaction. The reason to assign the subtransactions to the top-level transaction was to avoid the assertion failure in AssertTXNLsnOrder() as they have the same LSN when we sometimes start accumulating transaction changes for partial transactions after the restart. Now that with commit 64ff0fe4e8, we skip this assertion check until we reach the LSN at which we start decoding the contents of the transaction, so, there is no reason for such an assignment anymore. The assignment change was introduced in 15 and prior versions but this bug doesn't exist in branches prior to 14 since we don't add invalidation messages to subtransactions. We decided to backpatch through 11 for consistency but not for 10 since its final release is near. Reported-by: Kuroda Hayato Author: Masahiko Sawada Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila Backpatch-through: 11 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/TYAPR01MB58660803BCAA7849C8584AA4F57E9%40TYAPR01MB5866.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/a89b46b6-0239-2fd5-71a9-b19b1f7a7145%40enterprisedb.com
2022-10-20Fix assertion failures while processing NEW_CID record in logical decoding.Amit Kapila
When the logical decoding restarts from NEW_CID, since there is no association between the top transaction and its subtransaction, both are created as top transactions and have the same LSN. This caused the assertion failure in AssertTXNLsnOrder(). This patch skips the assertion check until we reach the LSN at which we start decoding the contents of the transaction, specifically start_decoding_at LSN in SnapBuild. This is okay because we don't guarantee to make the association between top transaction and subtransaction until we try to decode the actual contents of transaction. The ordering of the records prior to the start_decoding_at LSN should have been checked before the restart. The other assertion failure is due to the reason that we forgot to track that we have considered top-level transaction id in the list of catalog changing transactions that were committed when one of its subtransactions is marked as containing catalog change. Reported-by: Tomas Vondra, Osumi Takamichi Author: Masahiko Sawada, Kuroda Hayato Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila, Dilip Kumar, Kuroda Hayato, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Masahiko Sawada Backpatch-through: 10 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/a89b46b6-0239-2fd5-71a9-b19b1f7a7145%40enterprisedb.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/TYCPR01MB83733C6CEAE47D0280814D5AED7A9%40TYCPR01MB8373.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2022-09-14postgres_fdw: Avoid 'variable not found in subplan target list' error.Etsuro Fujita
The tlist of the EvalPlanQual outer plan for a ForeignScan node is adjusted to produce a tuple whose descriptor matches the scan tuple slot for the ForeignScan node. But in the case where the outer plan contains an extra Sort node, if the new tlist contained columns required only for evaluating PlaceHolderVars or columns required only for evaluating local conditions, this would cause setrefs.c to fail with the error. The cause of this is that when creating the outer plan by injecting the Sort node into an alternative local join plan that could emit such extra columns as well, we fail to arrange for the outer plan to propagate them up through the Sort node, causing setrefs.c to fail to match up them in the new tlist to what is available from the outer plan. Repair. Per report from Alexander Pyhalov. Richard Guo and Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by Alexander Pyhalov and Tom Lane. Backpatch to all supported versions. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/cfb17bf6dfdf876467bd5ef533852d18%40postgrespro.ru
2022-09-09Reject bogus output from uuid_create(3).Tom Lane
When using the BSD UUID functions, contrib/uuid-ossp expects uuid_create() to produce a version-1 UUID. FreeBSD still does so, but in recent NetBSD releases that function produces a version-4 (random) UUID instead. That's not acceptable for our purposes: if the user wanted v4 she would have asked for v4, not v1. Hence, check the version digit and complain if it's not '1'. Also drop the documentation's claim that the NetBSD implementation is usable. It might be, depending on which OS version you're using, but we're not going to get into that kind of detail. (Maybe someday we should ditch all these external libraries and just write our own UUID code, but today is not that day.) Nazir Bilal Yavuz, with cosmetic adjustments and docs by me. Backpatch to all supported versions. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3848059.1661038772@sss.pgh.pa.us Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17358-89806e7420797025@postgresql.org
2022-08-11Fix catalog lookup with the wrong snapshot during logical decoding.Amit Kapila
Previously, we relied on HEAP2_NEW_CID records and XACT_INVALIDATION records to know if the transaction has modified the catalog, and that information is not serialized to snapshot. Therefore, after the restart, if the logical decoding decodes only the commit record of the transaction that has actually modified a catalog, we will miss adding its XID to the snapshot. Thus, we will end up looking at catalogs with the wrong snapshot. To fix this problem, this changes the snapshot builder so that it remembers the last-running-xacts list of the decoded RUNNING_XACTS record after restoring the previously serialized snapshot. Then, we mark the transaction as containing catalog changes if it's in the list of initial running transactions and its commit record has XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS. To avoid ABI breakage, we store the array of the initial running transactions in the static variables InitialRunningXacts and NInitialRunningXacts, instead of storing those in SnapBuild or ReorderBuffer. This approach has a false positive; we could end up adding the transaction that didn't change catalog to the snapshot since we cannot distinguish whether the transaction has catalog changes only by checking the COMMIT record. It doesn't have the information on which (sub) transaction has catalog changes, and XACT_XINFO_HAS_INVALS doesn't necessarily indicate that the transaction has catalog change. But that won't be a problem since we use snapshot built during decoding only to read system catalogs. On the master branch, we took a more future-proof approach by writing catalog modifying transactions to the serialized snapshot which avoids the above false positive. But we cannot backpatch it because of a change in the SnapBuild. Reported-by: Mike Oh Author: Masahiko Sawada Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila, Shi yu, Takamichi Osumi, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Bertrand Drouvot, Ahsan Hadi Backpatch-through: 10 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/81D0D8B0-E7C4-4999-B616-1E5004DBDCD2%40amazon.com
2022-08-05postgres_fdw: Disable batch insertion when there are WCO constraints.Etsuro Fujita
When inserting a view referencing a foreign table that has WITH CHECK OPTION constraints, in single-insert mode postgres_fdw retrieves the data that was actually inserted on the remote side so that the WITH CHECK OPTION constraints are enforced with the data locally, but in batch-insert mode it cannot currently retrieve the data (except for the row first inserted through the view), resulting in enforcing the WITH CHECK OPTION constraints with the data passed from the core (except for the first-inserted row), which led to incorrect results when inserting into a view referencing a foreign table in which a remote BEFORE ROW INSERT trigger changes the rows inserted through the view so that they violate the view's WITH CHECK OPTION constraint. Also, the query inserting into the view caused an assertion failure in assert-enabled builds. Fix these by disabling batch insertion when inserting into such a view. Back-patch to v14 where batch insertion was added. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPmGK17LpbTZs4m4a_6THP54UBeK9fHvX8aVVA%2BC6yEZDZwQcg%40mail.gmail.com
2022-08-02Be more wary about 32-bit integer overflow in pg_stat_statements.Tom Lane
We've heard a couple of reports of people having trouble with multi-gigabyte-sized query-texts files. It occurred to me that on 32-bit platforms, there could be an issue with integer overflow of calculations associated with the total query text size. Address that with several changes: 1. Limit pg_stat_statements.max to INT_MAX / 2 not INT_MAX. The hashtable code will bound it to that anyway unless "long" is 64 bits. We still need overflow guards on its use, but this helps. 2. Add a check to prevent extending the query-texts file to more than MaxAllocHugeSize. If it got that big, qtext_load_file would certainly fail, so there's not much point in allowing it. Without this, we'd need to consider whether extent, query_offset, and related variables shouldn't be off_t not size_t. 3. Adjust the comparisons in need_gc_qtexts() to be done in 64-bit arithmetic on all platforms. It appears possible that under duress those multiplications could overflow 32 bits, yielding a false conclusion that we need to garbage-collect the texts file, which could lead to repeatedly garbage-collecting after every hash table insertion. Per report from Bruno da Silva. I'm not convinced that these issues fully explain his problem; there may be some other bug that's contributing to the query-texts file becoming so large in the first place. But it did get that big, so #2 is a reasonable defense, and #3 could explain the reported performance difficulties. (See also commit 8bbe4cbd9, which addressed some related bugs. The second Discussion: link is the thread that led up to that.) This issue is old, and is primarily a problem for old platforms, so back-patch. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAB+Nuk93fL1Q9eLOCotvLP07g7RAv4vbdrkm0cVQohDVMpAb9A@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/5601D354.5000703@BlueTreble.com
2022-07-22postgres_fdw: Fix bug in checking of return value of PQsendQuery().Fujii Masao
When postgres_fdw begins an asynchronous data fetch, it submits FETCH query by using PQsendQuery(). If PQsendQuery() fails and returns 0, postgres_fdw should report an error. But, previously, postgres_fdw reported an error only when the return value is less than 0, though PQsendQuery() never return the values other than 0 and 1. Therefore postgres_fdw could not handle the failure to send FETCH query in an asynchronous data fetch. This commit fixes postgres_fdw so that it reports an error when PQsendQuery() returns 0. Back-patch to v14 where asynchronous execution was supported in postgres_fdw. Author: Fujii Masao Reviewed-by: Japin Li, Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b187a7cf-d4e3-5a32-4d01-8383677797f3@oss.nttdata.com