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2025-01-15Rename RowCompareType to CompareTypePeter Eisentraut
RowCompareType served as a way to describe the fundamental meaning of an operator, notionally independent of an operator class (although so far this was only really supported for btrees). Its original purpose was for use inside RowCompareExpr, and it has also found some small use outside, such as for get_op_btree_interpretation(). We want to expand this now, as a more general way to describe operator semantics for other index access methods, including gist (to improve GistTranslateStratnum()) and others not written yet. To avoid future confusion, we rename the type to CompareType and the symbols from ROWCOMPARE_XXX to COMPARE_XXX to reflect their more general purpose. Reviewed-by: Mark Dilger <mark.dilger@enterprisedb.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/E72EAA49-354D-4C2E-8EB9-255197F55330@enterprisedb.com
2025-01-13Revert "TupleHashTable: store additional data along with tuple."Jeff Davis
This reverts commit e0ece2a981ee9068f50c4423e303836c2585eb02 due to performance regressions. Reported-by: David Rowley
2025-01-10TupleHashTable: store additional data along with tuple.Jeff Davis
Previously, the caller needed to allocate the memory and the TupleHashTable would store a pointer to it. That wastes space for the palloc overhead as well as the size of the pointer itself. Now, the TupleHashTable relies on the caller to correctly specify the additionalsize, and allocates that amount of space. The caller can then request a pointer into that space. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b9cbf0219a9859dc8d240311643ff4362fd9602c.camel@j-davis.com Reviewed-by: Heikki Linnakangas
2025-01-07Add missing typedefs.list entry for AggStatePerGroupData.Jeff Davis
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7530bd8783b1a78d53a3c70383e38d8da0a5ffe5.camel%40j-davis.com
2025-01-01Update copyright for 2025Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 13
2024-12-19Get rid of old version of BuildTupleHashTable().Tom Lane
It was reasonable to preserve the old API of BuildTupleHashTable() in the back branches, but in HEAD we should actively discourage use of that version. There are no remaining callers in core, so just get rid of it. Then rename BuildTupleHashTableExt() back to BuildTupleHashTable(). While at it, fix up the miserably-poorly-maintained header comment for BuildTupleHashTable[Ext]. It looks like more than one patch in this area has had the opinion that updating comments is beneath them. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/538343.1734646986@sss.pgh.pa.us
2024-12-19Convert SetOp to read its inputs as outerPlan and innerPlan.Tom Lane
The original design for set operations involved appending the two input relations into one and adding a flag column that allows distinguishing which side each row came from. Then the SetOp node pries them apart again based on the flag. This is bizarre. The only apparent reason to do it is that when sorting, we'd only need one Sort node not two. But since sorting is at least O(N log N), sorting all the data is actually worse than sorting each side separately --- plus, we have no chance of taking advantage of presorted input. On top of that, adding the flag column frequently requires an additional projection step that adds cycles, and then the Append node isn't free either. Let's get rid of all of that and make the SetOp node have two separate children, using the existing outerPlan/innerPlan infrastructure. This initial patch re-implements nodeSetop.c and does a bare minimum of work on the planner side to generate correctly-shaped plans. In particular, I've tried not to change the cost estimates here, so that the visible changes in the regression test results will only involve removal of useless projection steps and not any changes in whether to use sorted vs hashed mode. For SORTED mode, we combine successive identical tuples from each input into groups, and then merge-join the groups. The tuple comparisons now use SortSupport instead of simple equality, but the group-formation part should involve roughly the same number of tuple comparisons as before. The cross-comparisons between left and right groups probably add to that, but I'm not sure to quantify how many more comparisons we might need. For HASHED mode, nodeSetop's logic is almost the same as before, just refactored into two separate loops instead of one loop that has an assumption that it will see all the left-hand inputs first. In both modes, I added early-exit logic to not bother reading the right-hand relation if the left-hand input is empty, since neither INTERSECT nor EXCEPT modes can produce any output if the left input is empty. This could have been done before in the hashed mode, but not in sorted mode. Sorted mode can also stop as soon as it exhausts the left input; any remaining right-hand tuples cannot have matches. Also, this patch adds some infrastructure for detecting whether child plan nodes all output the same type of tuple table slot. If they do, the hash table logic can use slightly more efficient code based on assuming that that's the input slot type it will see. We'll make use of that infrastructure in other plan node types later. Patch by me; thanks to Richard Guo and David Rowley for review. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1850138.1731549611@sss.pgh.pa.us
2024-12-18Fix incorrect slot type in BuildTupleHashTableExtDavid Rowley
0f5738202 adjusted the execGrouping.c code so it made use of ExprStates to generate hash values. That commit made a wrong assumption that the slot type to pass to ExecBuildHash32FromAttrs() is always &TTSOpsMinimalTuple. That's not the case as the slot type depends on the slot type passed to LookupTupleHashEntry(), which for nodeRecursiveunion.c, could be any of the current slot types. Here we fix this by adding a new parameter to BuildTupleHashTableExt() to allow the slot type to be passed in. In the case of nodeSubplan.c and nodeAgg.c the slot type is always &TTSOpsVirtual, so for both of those cases, it's beneficial to pass the known slot type as that allows ExecBuildHash32FromAttrs() to skip adding the tuple deform step to the resulting ExprState. Another possible fix would have been to have ExecBuildHash32FromAttrs() set "fetch.kind" to NULL so that ExecComputeSlotInfo() always determines the EEOP_INNER_FETCHSOME is required, however, that option isn't favorable as slows down aggregation and hashed subplan evaluation due to the extra (needless) deform step. Thanks to Nathan Bossart for bisecting to find the offending commit based on Paul's report. Reported-by: Paul Ramsey <pramsey@cleverelephant.ca> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/99F064C1-B3EB-4BE7-97D2-D2A0AA487A71@cleverelephant.ca
2024-12-11Use ExprStates for hashing in GROUP BY and SubPlansDavid Rowley
This speeds up obtaining hash values for GROUP BY and hashed SubPlans by using the ExprState support for hashing, thus allowing JIT compilation for obtaining hash values for these operations. This, even without JIT compilation, has been shown to improve Hash Aggregate performance in some cases by around 15% and hashed NOT IN queries in one case by over 30%, however, real-world cases are likely to see smaller gains as the test cases used were purposefully designed to have high hashing overheads by keeping the hash table small to prevent additional memory overheads that would be a factor when working with large hash tables. In passing, fix a hypothetical bug in ExecBuildHash32Expr() so that the initial value is stored directly in the ExprState's result field if there are no expressions to hash. None of the current users of this function use an initial value, so the bug is only hypothetical. Reviewed-by: Andrei Lepikhov <lepihov@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvpYSO3kc9UryMevWqthTBrxgfd9djiAjKHMPUSQeX9vdQ@mail.gmail.com
2024-12-10Replace get_equal_strategy_number_for_am() by get_equal_strategy_number()Peter Eisentraut
get_equal_strategy_number_for_am() gets the equal strategy number for an AM. This currently only supports btree and hash. In the more general case, this also depends on the operator class (see for example GistTranslateStratnum()). To support that, replace this function with get_equal_strategy_number() that takes an opclass and derives it from there. (This function already existed before as a static function, so the signature is kept for simplicity.) This patch is only a refactoring, it doesn't add support for other index AMs such as gist. This will be done separately. Reviewed-by: Paul Jungwirth <pj@illuminatedcomputing.com> Reviewed-by: vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CA+renyUApHgSZF9-nd-a0+OPGharLQLO=mDHcY4_qQ0+noCUVg@mail.gmail.com
2024-12-09Simplify executor's determination of whether to use parallelism.Tom Lane
Our parallel-mode code only works when we are executing a query in full, so ExecutePlan must disable parallel mode when it is asked to do partial execution. The previous logic for this involved passing down a flag (variously named execute_once or run_once) from callers of ExecutorRun or PortalRun. This is overcomplicated, and unsurprisingly some of the callers didn't get it right, since it requires keeping state that not all of them have handy; not to mention that the requirements for it were undocumented. That led to assertion failures in some corner cases. The only state we really need for this is the existing QueryDesc.already_executed flag, so let's just put all the responsibility in ExecutePlan. (It could have been done in ExecutorRun too, leading to a slightly shorter patch -- but if there's ever more than one caller of ExecutePlan, it seems better to have this logic in the subroutine than the callers.) This makes those ExecutorRun/PortalRun parameters unnecessary. In master it seems okay to just remove them, returning the API for those functions to what it was before parallelism. Such an API break is clearly not okay in stable branches, but for them we can just leave the parameters in place after documenting that they do nothing. Per report from Yugo Nagata, who also reviewed and tested this patch. Back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20241206062549.710dc01cf91224809dd6c0e1@sraoss.co.jp
2024-11-25Fix NULLIF()'s handling of read-write expanded objects.Tom Lane
If passed a read-write expanded object pointer, the EEOP_NULLIF code would hand that same pointer to the equality function and then (unless equality was reported) also return the same pointer as its value. This is no good, because a function that receives a read-write expanded object pointer is fully entitled to scribble on or even delete the object, thus corrupting the NULLIF output. (This problem is likely unobservable with the equality functions provided in core Postgres, but it's easy to demonstrate with one coded in plpgsql.) To fix, make sure the pointer passed to the equality function is read-only. We can still return the original read-write pointer as the NULLIF result, allowing optimization of later operations. Per bug #18722 from Alexander Lakhin. This has been wrong since we invented expanded objects, so back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/18722-fd9e645448cc78b4@postgresql.org
2024-10-17Don't store intermediate hash values in ExprState->resvalueDavid Rowley
adf97c156 made it so ExprStates could support hashing and changed Hash Join to use that instead of manually extracting Datums from tuples and hashing them one column at a time. When hashing multiple columns or expressions, the code added in that commit stored the intermediate hash value in the ExprState's resvalue field. That was a mistake as steps may be injected into the ExprState between each hashing step that look at or overwrite the stored intermediate hash value. EEOP_PARAM_SET is an example of such a step. Here we fix this by adding a new dedicated field for storing intermediate hash values and adjust the code so that all apart from the final hashing step store their result in the intermediate field. In passing, rename a variable so that it's more aligned to the surrounding code and also so a few lines stay within the 80 char margin. Reported-by: Andres Freund Reviewed-by: Alena Rybakina <a.rybakina@postgrespro.ru> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvqo9eenEFXND5zZ9JxO_k4eTA4jKMGxSyjdTrsmYvnmZw@mail.gmail.com
2024-08-20Log the conflicts while applying changes in logical replication.Amit Kapila
This patch provides the additional logging information in the following conflict scenarios while applying changes: insert_exists: Inserting a row that violates a NOT DEFERRABLE unique constraint. update_differ: Updating a row that was previously modified by another origin. update_exists: The updated row value violates a NOT DEFERRABLE unique constraint. update_missing: The tuple to be updated is missing. delete_differ: Deleting a row that was previously modified by another origin. delete_missing: The tuple to be deleted is missing. For insert_exists and update_exists conflicts, the log can include the origin and commit timestamp details of the conflicting key with track_commit_timestamp enabled. update_differ and delete_differ conflicts can only be detected when track_commit_timestamp is enabled on the subscriber. We do not offer additional logging for exclusion constraint violations because these constraints can specify rules that are more complex than simple equality checks. Resolving such conflicts won't be straightforward. This area can be further enhanced if required. Author: Hou Zhijie Reviewed-by: Shveta Malik, Amit Kapila, Nisha Moond, Hayato Kuroda, Dilip Kumar Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/OS0PR01MB5716352552DFADB8E9AD1D8994C92@OS0PR01MB5716.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2024-08-20Speed up Hash Join by making ExprStates support hashingDavid Rowley
Here we add ExprState support for obtaining a 32-bit hash value from a list of expressions. This allows both faster hashing and also JIT compilation of these expressions. This is especially useful when hash joins have multiple join keys as the previous code called ExecEvalExpr on each hash join key individually and that was inefficient as tuple deformation would have only taken into account one key at a time, which could lead to walking the tuple once for each join key. With the new code, we'll determine the maximum attribute required and deform the tuple to that point only once. Some performance tests done with this change have shown up to a 20% performance increase of a query containing a Hash Join without JIT compilation and up to a 26% performance increase when JIT is enabled and optimization and inlining were performed by the JIT compiler. The performance increase with 1 join column was less with a 14% increase with and without JIT. This test was done using a fairly small hash table and a large number of hash probes. The increase will likely be less with large tables, especially ones larger than L3 cache as memory pressure is more likely to be the limiting factor there. This commit only addresses Hash Joins, but lays expression evaluation and JIT compilation infrastructure for other hashing needs such as Hash Aggregate. Author: David Rowley Reviewed-by: Alexey Dvoichenkov <alexey@hyperplane.net> Reviewed-by: Tels <nospam-pg-abuse@bloodgate.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvoexAxgQFNQD_GRkr2O_eJUD1-wUGm%3Dm0L%2BGc%3DT%3DkEa4g%40mail.gmail.com
2024-07-31Evaluate arguments of correlated SubPlans in the referencing ExprStateAndres Freund
Until now we generated an ExprState for each parameter to a SubPlan and evaluated them one-by-one ExecScanSubPlan. That's sub-optimal as creating lots of small ExprStates a) makes JIT compilation more expensive b) wastes memory c) is a bit slower to execute This commit arranges to evaluate parameters to a SubPlan as part of the ExprState referencing a SubPlan, using the new EEOP_PARAM_SET expression step. We emit one EEOP_PARAM_SET for each argument to a subplan, just before the EEOP_SUBPLAN step. It likely is worth using EEOP_PARAM_SET in other places as well, e.g. for SubPlan outputs, nestloop parameters and - more ambitiously - to get rid of ExprContext->domainValue/caseValue/ecxt_agg*. But that's for later. Author: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Alena Rybakina <lena.ribackina@yandex.ru> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230225214401.346ancgjqc3zmvek@awork3.anarazel.de
2024-07-30SQL/JSON: Fix casting for integer EXISTS columns in JSON_TABLEAmit Langote
The current method of coercing the boolean result value of JsonPathExists() to the target type specified for an EXISTS column, which is to call the type's input function via json_populate_type(), leads to an error when the target type is integer, because the integer input function doesn't recognize boolean literal values as valid. Instead use the boolean-to-integer cast function for coercion in that case so that using integer or domains thereof as type for EXISTS columns works. Note that coercion for ON ERROR values TRUE and FALSE already works like that because the parser creates a cast expression including the cast function, but the coercion of the actual result value is not handled by the parser. Tests by Jian He. Reported-by: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxEo4sUjKCYtda0_qt9tazqqKPmF1cqhW9KBOUeJFqQd2g@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 17
2024-07-09Show Parallel Bitmap Heap Scan worker stats in EXPLAIN ANALYZEDavid Rowley
Nodes like Memoize report the cache stats for each parallel worker, so it makes sense to show the exact and lossy pages in Parallel Bitmap Heap Scan in a similar way. Likewise, Sort shows the method and memory used for each worker. There was some discussion on whether the leader stats should include the totals for each parallel worker or not. I did some analysis on this to see what other parallel node types do and it seems only Parallel Hash does anything like this. All the rest, per what's supported by ExecParallelRetrieveInstrumentation() are consistent with each other. Author: David Geier <geidav.pg@gmail.com> Author: Heikki Linnakangas <hlinnaka@iki.fi> Author: Donghang Lin <donghanglin@gmail.com> Author: Alena Rybakina <lena.ribackina@yandex.ru> Author: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitry Dolgov <9erthalion6@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Christofides <michael@pgmustard.com> Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Dilip Kumar <dilipbalaut@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Donghang Lin <donghanglin@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Masahiro Ikeda <Masahiro.Ikeda@nttdata.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b3d80961-c2e5-38cc-6a32-61886cdf766d%40gmail.com
2024-06-28SQL/JSON: Always coerce JsonExpr result at runtimeAmit Langote
Instead of looking up casts at parse time for converting the result of JsonPath* query functions to the specified or the default RETURNING type, always perform the conversion at runtime using either the target type's input function or the function json_populate_type(). There are two motivations for this change: 1. json_populate_type() coerces to types with typmod such that any string values that exceed length limit cause an error instead of silent truncation, which is necessary to be standard-conforming. 2. It was possible to end up with a cast expression that doesn't support soft handling of errors causing bugs in the of handling ON ERROR clause. JsonExpr.coercion_expr which would store the cast expression is no longer necessary, so remove. Bump catversion because stored rules change because of the above removal. Reported-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reviewed-by: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Discussion: Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202405271326.5a5rprki64aw%40alvherre.pgsql
2024-03-21Add TupleTableSlotOps.is_current_xact_tuple() methodAlexander Korotkov
This allows us to abstract how/whether table AM uses transaction identifiers. A custom table AM can use a custom slot, which may not store xmin directly, but determine the tuple belonging to the current transaction in the other way. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPpHfdurb9ycV8udYqM%3Do0sPS66PJ4RCBM1g-bBpvzUfogY0EA%40mail.gmail.com Reviewed-by: Matthias van de Meent, Mark Dilger, Pavel Borisov Reviewed-by: Nikita Malakhov, Japin Li
2024-03-21Add SQL/JSON query functionsAmit Langote
This introduces the following SQL/JSON functions for querying JSON data using jsonpath expressions: JSON_EXISTS(), which can be used to apply a jsonpath expression to a JSON value to check if it yields any values. JSON_QUERY(), which can be used to to apply a jsonpath expression to a JSON value to get a JSON object, an array, or a string. There are various options to control whether multi-value result uses array wrappers and whether the singleton scalar strings are quoted or not. JSON_VALUE(), which can be used to apply a jsonpath expression to a JSON value to return a single scalar value, producing an error if it multiple values are matched. Both JSON_VALUE() and JSON_QUERY() functions have options for handling EMPTY and ERROR conditions, which can be used to specify the behavior when no values are matched and when an error occurs during jsonpath evaluation, respectively. Author: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru> Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru> Author: Oleg Bartunov <obartunov@gmail.com> Author: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com> Author: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Author: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org> Author: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Reviewers have included (in no particular order): Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby, Álvaro Herrera, Jian He, Anton A. Melnikov, Nikita Malakhov, Peter Eisentraut, Tomas Vondra Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220616233130.rparivafipt6doj3@alap3.anarazel.de Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/abd9b83b-aa66-f230-3d6d-734817f0995d%40postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqHROpf9e644D8BRqYvaAPmgBZVup-xKMDPk-nd4EpgzHw@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqE4XTdfb1nW=Ojoy_tQSRhYt-q_kb6i5d4xcKyrLC1Nbg@mail.gmail.com
2024-03-17Add RETURNING support to MERGE.Dean Rasheed
This allows a RETURNING clause to be appended to a MERGE query, to return values based on each row inserted, updated, or deleted. As with plain INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE commands, the returned values are based on the new contents of the target table for INSERT and UPDATE actions, and on its old contents for DELETE actions. Values from the source relation may also be returned. As with INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE, the output of MERGE ... RETURNING may be used as the source relation for other operations such as WITH queries and COPY commands. Additionally, a special function merge_action() is provided, which returns 'INSERT', 'UPDATE', or 'DELETE', depending on the action executed for each row. The merge_action() function can be used anywhere in the RETURNING list, including in arbitrary expressions and subqueries, but it is an error to use it anywhere outside of a MERGE query's RETURNING list. Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Isaac Morland, Vik Fearing, Alvaro Herrera, Gurjeet Singh, Jian He, Jeff Davis, Merlin Moncure, Peter Eisentraut, and Wolfgang Walther. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCWePEGQR5LBn-vD6SfeLZafzEm2Qy_L_Oky2=qw2w3Pzg@mail.gmail.com
2024-03-12Fix confusion about the return rowtype of SQL-language procedures.Tom Lane
There is a very ancient hack in check_sql_fn_retval that allows a single SELECT targetlist entry of composite type to be taken as supplying all the output columns of a function returning composite. (This is grotty and fundamentally ambiguous, but it's really hard to do nested composite-returning functions without it.) As far as I know, that doesn't cause any problems in ordinary functions. It's disastrous for procedures however. All procedures that have any output parameters are labeled with prorettype RECORD, and the CALL code expects it will get back a record with one column per output parameter, regardless of whether any of those parameters is composite. Doing something else leads to an assertion failure or core dump. This is simple enough to fix: we just need to not apply that rule when considering procedures. However, that requires adding another argument to check_sql_fn_retval, which at least in principle might be getting called by external callers. Therefore, in the back branches convert check_sql_fn_retval into an ABI-preserving wrapper around a new function check_sql_fn_retval_ext. Per report from Yahor Yuzefovich. This has been broken since we implemented procedures, so back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CABz5gWHSjj2df6uG0NRiDhZ_Uz=Y8t0FJP-_SVSsRsnrQT76Gg@mail.gmail.com
2024-02-29Support MERGE into updatable views.Dean Rasheed
This allows the target relation of MERGE to be an auto-updatable or trigger-updatable view, and includes support for WITH CHECK OPTION, security barrier views, and security invoker views. A trigger-updatable view must have INSTEAD OF triggers for every type of action (INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE) mentioned in the MERGE command. An auto-updatable view must not have any INSTEAD OF triggers. Mixing auto-update and trigger-update actions (i.e., having a partial set of INSTEAD OF triggers) is not supported. Rule-updatable views are also not supported, since there is no rewriter support for non-SELECT rules with MERGE operations. Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Jian He and Alvaro Herrera. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCVcB1g0nmxuEc-A+gGB0HnfcGQNGYH7gS=7rq0u0zOBXA@mail.gmail.com
2024-01-24Add soft error handling to some expression nodesAmit Langote
This adjusts the code for CoerceViaIO and CoerceToDomain expression nodes to handle errors softly. For CoerceViaIo, this adds a new ExprEvalStep opcode EEOP_IOCOERCE_SAFE, which is implemented in the new accompanying function ExecEvalCoerceViaIOSafe(). The only difference from EEOP_IOCOERCE's inline implementation is that the input function receives an ErrorSaveContext via the function's FunctionCallInfo.context, which it can use to handle errors softly. For CoerceToDomain, this simply entails replacing the ereport() in ExecEvalConstraintNotNull() and ExecEvalConstraintCheck() by errsave() passing it the ErrorSaveContext passed in the expression's ExprEvalStep. In both cases, the ErrorSaveContext to be used is passed by setting ExprState.escontext to point to it before calling ExecInitExprRec() on the expression tree whose errors are to be handled softly. Note that there's no functional change as of this commit as no call site of ExecInitExprRec() has been changed. This is intended for implementing new SQL/JSON expression nodes in future commits. Extracted from a much larger patch to add SQL/JSON query functions. Author: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru> Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru> Author: Oleg Bartunov <obartunov@gmail.com> Author: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com> Author: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby, Álvaro Herrera, Jian He, Peter Eisentraut Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220616233130.rparivafipt6doj3@alap3.anarazel.de Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/abd9b83b-aa66-f230-3d6d-734817f0995d%40postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqHROpf9e644D8BRqYvaAPmgBZVup-xKMDPk-nd4EpgzHw@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqE4XTdfb1nW=Ojoy_tQSRhYt-q_kb6i5d4xcKyrLC1Nbg@mail.gmail.com
2024-01-03Update copyright for 2024Bruce Momjian
Reported-by: Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ZZKTDPxBBMt3C0J9@paquier.xyz Backpatch-through: 12
2023-12-07Verify that attribute counts match in ExecCopySlotDavid Rowley
tts_virtual_copyslot() contained an Assert that checked that the srcslot contained <= attributes than the dstslot. This seems to be backwards as if the srcslot contained fewer attributes then the dstslot could be left with stale Datum values from the previously stored tuple. It might make more sense to allow the source to contain additional attributes and only copy the leading ones that also exist in the destination, however, that's not what we're doing here. Here we just remove the Assert from tts_virtual_copyslot() and add an Assert to ExecCopySlot() to verify the attribute counts match. There does not seem to be any places where the destination contains fewer attributes, so instead of going to the trouble of making the code properly handle this, let's just ensure the attribute counts match. If this Assert fails then that will indicate that we do have cases that require us to handle the srcslot with more attributes than the dstslot. It seems better to only write this code if there's a genuine requirement for it rather than write it now only to leave it untested. Thanks to Andres Freund for helping with the analysis of this. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvpMAvBL0T+TRORquyx1iqFQKMVTXtqNocOw0Pa2uh1heg@mail.gmail.com
2023-11-27Retire a few backwards compatibility macros.Nathan Bossart
As of commits dd04e958c8 and 1833f1a1c3, tuplestore_donestoring(), SPI_push(), SPI_pop(), SPI_push_conditional(), SPI_pop_conditional(), and SPI_restore_connection() are no-op macros provided for backwards compatibility. This commit removes these macros, so any uses in third-party code will need to be removed, too. Since these macros have been no-ops for a while, such adjustments won't produce any behavior changes for all currently-supported versions of PostgreSQL. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACVeO58JM5tK2Qa8QC-%3DkC8sdkJOTd4BFU%3DK8zs4gGYpjQ%40mail.gmail.com
2023-10-26Add trailing commas to enum definitionsPeter Eisentraut
Since C99, there can be a trailing comma after the last value in an enum definition. A lot of new code has been introducing this style on the fly. Some new patches are now taking an inconsistent approach to this. Some add the last comma on the fly if they add a new last value, some are trying to preserve the existing style in each place, some are even dropping the last comma if there was one. We could nudge this all in a consistent direction if we just add the trailing commas everywhere once. I omitted a few places where there was a fixed "last" value that will always stay last. I also skipped the header files of libpq and ecpg, in case people want to use those with older compilers. There were also a small number of cases where the enum type wasn't used anywhere (but the enum values were), which ended up confusing pgindent a bit, so I left those alone. Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/386f8c45-c8ac-4681-8add-e3b0852c1620%40eisentraut.org
2023-10-19Add local_blk_{read|write}_time I/O timing statistics for local blocksMichael Paquier
There was no I/O timing statistics for counting read and write timings on local blocks, contrary to the counterparts for temp and shared blocks. This information is available when track_io_timing is enabled. The output of EXPLAIN is updated to show this information. An update of pg_stat_statements is planned next. Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz Reviewed-by: Robert Haas, Melanie Plageman Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAN55FZ19Ss279mZuqGbuUNxka0iPbLgYuOQXqAKewrjNrp27VA@mail.gmail.com
2023-10-19Rename I/O timing statistics columns to shared_blk_{read|write}_timeMichael Paquier
These two counters, defined in BufferUsage to track respectively the time spent while reading and writing blocks have historically only tracked data related to shared buffers, when track_io_timing is enabled. An upcoming patch to add specific counters for local buffers will take advantage of this rename as it has come up that no data is currently tracked for local buffers, and tracking local and shared buffers using the same fields would be inconsistent with the treatment done for temp buffers. Renaming the existing fields clarifies what the block type of each stats field is. pg_stat_statement is updated to reflect the rename. No extension version bump is required as 5a3423ad8ee17 has done one, affecting v17~. Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz Reviewed-by: Robert Haas, Melanie Plageman Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAN55FZ19Ss279mZuqGbuUNxka0iPbLgYuOQXqAKewrjNrp27VA@mail.gmail.com
2023-10-10Add const to values and nulls argumentsPeter Eisentraut
This excludes any changes that would change the external AM APIs. Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev <aleksander@timescale.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/14c31f4a-0347-0805-dce8-93a9072c05a5%40eisentraut.org
2023-10-02Revert "Add soft error handling to some expression nodes"Amit Langote
This reverts commit 7fbc75b26ed8ec70c729c5e7f8233896c54c900f. Looks like the LLVM additions may not be totally correct.
2023-10-02Add soft error handling to some expression nodesAmit Langote
This adjusts the expression evaluation code for CoerceViaIO and CoerceToDomain to handle errors softly if needed. For CoerceViaIo, this means using InputFunctionCallSafe(), which provides the option to handle errors softly, instead of calling the type input function directly. For CoerceToDomain, this simply entails replacing the ereport() in ExecEvalConstraintCheck() by errsave(). In both cases, the ErrorSaveContext to be used when evaluating the expression is stored by ExecInitExprRec() in the expression's struct in the expression's ExprEvalStep. The ErrorSaveContext is passed by setting ExprState.escontext to point to it when calling ExecInitExprRec() on the expression whose errors are to be handled softly. Note that no call site of ExecInitExprRec() has been changed in this commit, so there's no functional change. This is intended for implementing new SQL/JSON expression nodes in future commits that will use to it suppress errors that may occur during type coercions. Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqE4XTdfb1nW=Ojoy_tQSRhYt-q_kb6i5d4xcKyrLC1Nbg@mail.gmail.com
2023-09-28Remove obsolete executor cleanup codeAmit Langote
This commit removes unnecessary ExecExprFreeContext() calls in ExecEnd* routines because the actual cleanup is managed by FreeExecutorState(). With no callers remaining for ExecExprFreeContext(), this commit also removes the function. This commit also drops redundant ExecClearTuple() calls, because ExecResetTupleTable() in ExecEndPlan() already takes care of resetting and dropping all TupleTableSlots initialized with ExecInitScanTupleSlot() and ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(). After these modifications, the ExecEnd*() routines for ValuesScan, NamedTuplestoreScan, and WorkTableScan became redundant. So, this commit removes them. Reviewed-by: Robert Haas Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqFGkMSge6TgC9KQzde0ohpAycLQuV7ooitEEpbKB0O_mg@mail.gmail.com
2023-07-14Allow the use of a hash index on the subscriber during replication.Amit Kapila
Commit 89e46da5e5 allowed using BTREE indexes that are neither PRIMARY KEY nor REPLICA IDENTITY on the subscriber during apply of update/delete. This patch extends that functionality to also allow HASH indexes. We explored supporting other index access methods as well but they don't have a fixed strategy for equality operation which is required by the current infrastructure in logical replication to scan the indexes. Author: Kuroda Hayato Reviewed-by: Peter Smith, Onder Kalaci, Amit Kapila Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/TYAPR01MB58669D7414E59664E17A5827F522A@TYAPR01MB5866.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2023-06-05Remove obsolete commentPeter Eisentraut
OIDs are no longer system columns, since 578b229718.
2023-05-19Pre-beta mechanical code beautification.Tom Lane
Run pgindent, pgperltidy, and reformat-dat-files. This set of diffs is a bit larger than typical. We've updated to pg_bsd_indent 2.1.2, which properly indents variable declarations that have multi-line initialization expressions (the continuation lines are now indented one tab stop). We've also updated to perltidy version 20230309 and changed some of its settings, which reduces its desire to add whitespace to lines to make assignments etc. line up. Going forward, that should make for fewer random-seeming changes to existing code. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230428092545.qfb3y5wcu4cm75ur@alvherre.pgsql
2023-05-19Fix misbehavior of EvalPlanQual checks with multiple result relations.Tom Lane
The idea of EvalPlanQual is that we replace the query's scan of the result relation with a single injected tuple, and see if we get a tuple out, thereby implying that the injected tuple still passes the query quals. (In join cases, other relations in the query are still scanned normally.) This logic was not updated when commit 86dc90056 made it possible for a single DML query plan to have multiple result relations, when the query target relation has inheritance or partition children. We replaced the output for the current result relation successfully, but other result relations were still scanned normally; thus, if any other result relation contained a tuple satisfying the quals, we'd think the EPQ check passed, even if it did not pass for the injected tuple itself. This would lead to update or delete actions getting performed when they should have been skipped due to a conflicting concurrent update in READ COMMITTED isolation mode. Fix by blocking all sibling result relations from emitting tuples during an EvalPlanQual recheck. In the back branches, the fix is complicated a bit by the need to not change the size of struct EPQState (else we'd have ABI-breaking changes in offsets in struct ModifyTableState). Like the back-patches of 3f7836ff6 and 4b3e37993, add a separately palloc'd struct to avoid that. The logic is the same as in HEAD otherwise. This is only a live bug back to v14 where 86dc90056 came in. However, I chose to back-patch the test cases further, on the grounds that this whole area is none too well tested. I skipped doing so in v11 though because none of the test applied cleanly, and it didn't quite seem worth extra work for a branch with only six months to live. Per report from Ante Krešić (via Aleksander Alekseev) Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJ7c6TMBTN3rcz4=AjYhLPD_w3FFT0Wq_C15jxCDn8U4tZnH1g@mail.gmail.com
2023-05-19Allocate hash join files in a separate memory contextTomas Vondra
Should a hash join exceed memory limit, the hashtable is split up into multiple batches. The number of batches is doubled each time a given batch is determined not to fit in memory. Each batch file is allocated with a block-sized buffer for buffering tuples and parallel hash join has additional sharedtuplestore accessor buffers. In some pathological cases requiring a lot of batches, often with skewed data, bad stats, or very large datasets, users can run out-of-memory solely from the memory overhead of all the batch files' buffers. Batch files were allocated in the ExecutorState memory context, making it very hard to identify when this batch explosion was the source of an OOM. This commit allocates the batch files in a dedicated memory context, making it easier to identify the cause of an OOM and work to avoid it. Based on initial draft by Tomas Vondra, with significant reworks and improvements by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais. Author: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <jgdr@dalibo.com> Author: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20190421114618.z3mpgmimc3rmubi4@development Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230504193006.1b5b9622%40karst#273020ff4061fc7a2fbb1ba96b281f17
2023-05-17Add back SQLValueFunction for SQL keywordsMichael Paquier
This is equivalent to a revert of f193883 and fb32748, with the addition that the declaration of the SQLValueFunction node needs to gain a couple of node_attr for query jumbling. The performance impact of removing the function call inlining is proving to be too huge for some workloads where these are used. A worst-case test case of involving only simple SELECT queries with a SQL keyword is proving to lead to a reduction of 10% in TPS via pgbench and prepared queries on a high-end machine. None of the tests I ran back for this set of changes saw such a huge gap, but Alexander Lakhin and Andres Freund have found that this can be noticeable. Keeping the older performance would mean to do more inlining in the executor when using COERCE_SQL_SYNTAX for a function expression, similarly to what SQLValueFunction does. This requires more redesign work and there is little time until 16beta1 is released, so for now reverting the change is the best way forward, bringing back the previous performance. Bump catalog version. Reported-by: Alexander Lakhin Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b32bed1b-0746-9b20-1472-4bdc9ca66d52@gmail.com
2023-05-04Revert "Move PartitionPruneInfo out of plan nodes into PlannedStmt"Alvaro Herrera
This reverts commit ec386948948c and its fixup 589bb816499e. This change was intended to support query planning avoiding acquisition of locks on partitions that were going to be pruned; however, the overall project took a different direction at [1] and this bit is no longer needed. Put things back the way they were as agreed in [2], to avoid unnecessary complexity. Discussion: [1] https://postgr.es/m/4191508.1674157166@sss.pgh.pa.us Discussion: [2] https://postgr.es/m/20230502175409.kcoirxczpdha26wt@alvherre.pgsql
2023-04-24Rename ExecAggTransReparent, and improve its documentation.Tom Lane
The name of this function suggests that it ought to reparent R/W expanded objects to be children of the persistent aggcontext, instead of copying them. In fact it does no such thing, and if you try to make it do so you will see multiple regression failures. Rename it to the less-misleading ExecAggCopyTransValue, and add commentary about why that attractive-sounding optimization won't work. Also adjust comments at call sites, some of which were describing logic that has since been moved into ExecAggCopyTransValue. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3004282.1681930251@sss.pgh.pa.us
2023-04-03Revert 11470f544eAlexander Korotkov
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20230323003003.plgaxjqahjgkuxrk%40awork3.anarazel.de
2023-03-31SQL/JSON: support the IS JSON predicateAlvaro Herrera
This patch introduces the SQL standard IS JSON predicate. It operates on text and bytea values representing JSON, as well as on the json and jsonb types. Each test has IS and IS NOT variants and supports a WITH UNIQUE KEYS flag. The tests are: IS JSON [VALUE] IS JSON ARRAY IS JSON OBJECT IS JSON SCALAR These should be self-explanatory. The WITH UNIQUE KEYS flag makes these return false when duplicate keys exist in any object within the value, not necessarily directly contained in the outermost object. Author: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru> Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru> Author: Oleg Bartunov <obartunov@gmail.com> Author: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Author: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net> Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAF4Au4w2x-5LTnN_bxky-mq4=WOqsGsxSpENCzHRAzSnEd8+WQ@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220616233130.rparivafipt6doj3@alap3.anarazel.de Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/abd9b83b-aa66-f230-3d6d-734817f0995d%40postgresql.org
2023-03-31Move ExecEvalJsonConstructor new function to a more natural placeAlvaro Herrera
Commit 7081ac46ace8 put it at the end of the file, but that doesn't look very nice.
2023-03-31Parallel Hash Full Join.Thomas Munro
Full and right outer joins were not supported in the initial implementation of Parallel Hash Join because of deadlock hazards (see discussion). Therefore FULL JOIN inhibited parallelism, as the other join strategies can't do that in parallel either. Add a new PHJ phase PHJ_BATCH_SCAN that scans for unmatched tuples on the inner side of one batch's hash table. For now, sidestep the deadlock problem by terminating parallelism there. The last process to arrive at that phase emits the unmatched tuples, while others detach and are free to go and work on other batches, if there are any, but otherwise they finish the join early. That unfairness is considered acceptable for now, because it's better than no parallelism at all. The build and probe phases are run in parallel, and the new scan-for-unmatched phase, while serial, is usually applied to the smaller of the two relations and is either limited by some multiple of work_mem, or it's too big and is partitioned into batches and then the situation is improved by batch-level parallelism. Author: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com> Author: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKG%2BA6ftXPz4oe92%2Bx8Er%2BxpGZqto70-Q_ERwRaSyA%3DafNg%40mail.gmail.com
2023-03-30Fix outdated comments regarding TupleTableSlotsDavid Rowley
The tts_flag is named TTS_FLAG_SHOULDFREE, so use that instead of TTS_SHOULDFREE, which is the name of the macro that checks for that flag. Additionally, 4da597edf got rid of the TupleTableSlot.tts_tuple field but forgot to update a comment which referenced that field. Fix that. Reported-by: Zhen Mingyang <zhenmingyang@yeah.net> Reported-by: Richard Guo <guofenglinux@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1a96696c.9d3.187193989c3.Coremail.zhenmingyang@yeah.net
2023-03-29SQL/JSON: add standard JSON constructor functionsAlvaro Herrera
This commit introduces the SQL/JSON standard-conforming constructors for JSON types: JSON_ARRAY() JSON_ARRAYAGG() JSON_OBJECT() JSON_OBJECTAGG() Most of the functionality was already present in PostgreSQL-specific functions, but these include some new functionality such as the ability to skip or include NULL values, and to allow duplicate keys or throw error when they are found, as well as the standard specified syntax to specify output type and format. Author: Nikita Glukhov <n.gluhov@postgrespro.ru> Author: Teodor Sigaev <teodor@sigaev.ru> Author: Oleg Bartunov <obartunov@gmail.com> Author: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Reviewers have included (in no particular order) Andres Freund, Alexander Korotkov, Pavel Stehule, Andrew Alsup, Erik Rijkers, Zihong Yu, Himanshu Upadhyaya, Daniel Gustafsson, Justin Pryzby. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAF4Au4w2x-5LTnN_bxky-mq4=WOqsGsxSpENCzHRAzSnEd8+WQ@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cd0bb935-0158-78a7-08b5-904886deac4b@postgrespro.ru Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20220616233130.rparivafipt6doj3@alap3.anarazel.de Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/abd9b83b-aa66-f230-3d6d-734817f0995d%40postgresql.org
2023-03-24Invent GENERIC_PLAN option for EXPLAIN.Tom Lane
This provides a very simple way to see the generic plan for a parameterized query. Without this, it's necessary to define a prepared statement and temporarily change plan_cache_mode, which is a bit tedious. One thing that's a bit of a hack perhaps is that we disable execution-time partition pruning when the GENERIC_PLAN option is given. That's because the pruning code may attempt to fetch the value of one of the parameters, which would fail. Laurenz Albe, reviewed by Julien Rouhaud, Christoph Berg, Michel Pelletier, Jim Jones, and myself Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/0a29b954b10b57f0d135fe12aa0909bd41883eb0.camel@cybertec.at