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2021-07-15Improve reporting of "conflicting or redundant options" errors.Dean Rasheed
When reporting "conflicting or redundant options" errors, try to ensure that errposition() is used, to help the user identify the offending option. Formerly, errposition() was invoked in less than 60% of cases. This patch raises that to over 90%, but there remain a few places where the ParseState is not readily available. Using errdetail() might improve the error in such cases, but that is left as a task for the future. Additionally, since this error is thrown from over 100 places in the codebase, introduce a dedicated function to throw it, reducing code duplication. Extracted from a slightly larger patch by Vignesh C. Reviewed by Bharath Rupireddy, Alvaro Herrera, Dilip Kumar, Hou Zhijie, Peter Smith, Daniel Gustafsson, Julien Rouhaud and me. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALDaNm33FFSS5tVyvmkoK2cCMuDVxcui=gFrjti9ROfynqSAGA@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-15Add TAP tests for ZLIB compression for pg_receivewalMichael Paquier
There is a non-trivial amount of code that handles ZLIB compression in pg_receivewal, from basics like the format name, the calculation of the start streaming position and of course the compression itself, but there was no automated coverage for it. This commit introduces a set of conditional tests (if the build supports ZLIB) to cover the creation of ZLIB-compressed WAL segments, the handling of the partial, compressed, WAL segments and the compression operation in itself. Note that there is an extra phase checking the validity of the generated files by using directly a gzip command, passed down by the Makefile of pg_receivewal. This part is skipped if the command cannot be found, something likely going to happen on Windows with MSVC except if one sets the variable GZIP_PROGRAM in the environment of the test. This set of tests will become handy for upcoming patches that add more options for the compression methods used by pg_receivewal, like LZ4, to make sure that no existing facilities are broken. Author: Georgios Kokolatos Reviewed-by: Gilles Darold, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/07BK3Mk5aEOsTwGaY77qBVyf9GjoEzn8TMgHLyPGfEFPIpTEmoQuP2P4c7teesjSg-LPeUafsp1flnPeQYINMSMB_UpggJDoduB5EDYBqaQ=@protonmail.com
2021-07-15Remove unnecessary assertion in postmaster.cMichael Paquier
A code path asserted that the archiver was dead, but a check made that impossible to happen. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACW=CYE1ars+2XyPTEPq0wQvru4c0dPZ=Nrn3EqNBkksvQ@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-throgh: 14
2021-07-15Portability fixes for sigwait.Thomas Munro
Build farm animals running ancient HPUX and Solaris have a non-standard sigwait() from draft versions of POSIX, so they didn't like commit 7c09d279. To avoid the problem in general, only try to use sigwait() if it's declared by <signal.h> and matches the expected declaration. To select the modern declaration on Solaris (even in non-threaded programs), move -D_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS into the right place to affect all translation units. Also fix the error checking. Modern sigwait() doesn't set errno. Thanks to Tom Lane for help with this. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3187588.1626136248%40sss.pgh.pa.us
2021-07-15Fix some nonstandard C code indentation in grammar filePeter Eisentraut
2021-07-14Copy a Param's location field when replacing it with a Const.Tom Lane
This allows Param substitution to produce just the same result as writing a constant value literally would have done. While it hardly matters so far as the current core code is concerned, extensions might take more interest in node location fields. Julien Rouhaud Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20170311220932.GJ15188@nol.local
2021-07-14Remove unused function parameter in get_qual_from_partboundJohn Naylor
Commit 0563a3a8b changed how partition constraints were generated such that this function no longer computes the mapping of parent attnos to child attnos. This is an external function that extensions could use, so this is potentially a breaking change. No external callers are known, however, and this will make it simpler to write such callers in the future. Author: Hou Zhijie Reviewed-by: David Rowley, Michael Paquier, Soumyadeep Chakraborty Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/OS0PR01MB5716A75A45BE46101A1B489894379@OS0PR01MB5716.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2021-07-14In psql \copy from, send data to server in larger chunks.Heikki Linnakangas
Previously, we would send each line as a separate CopyData message. That's pretty wasteful if the table is narrow, as each CopyData message has 5 bytes of overhead. For efficiency, buffer up and pack 8 kB of input data into each CopyData message. The server also sends each line as a separate CopyData message in COPY TO STDOUT, and that's similarly wasteful. But that's documented in the FE/BE protocol description, so changing that would be a wire protocol break. Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/40b2cec0-d0fb-3191-2ae1-9a3fe16a7e48%40iki.fi
2021-07-14Fix lack of message pluralizationPeter Eisentraut
2021-07-14Add support for prepared transactions to built-in logical replication.Amit Kapila
To add support for streaming transactions at prepare time into the built-in logical replication, we need to do the following things: * Modify the output plugin (pgoutput) to implement the new two-phase API callbacks, by leveraging the extended replication protocol. * Modify the replication apply worker, to properly handle two-phase transactions by replaying them on prepare. * Add a new SUBSCRIPTION option "two_phase" to allow users to enable two-phase transactions. We enable the two_phase once the initial data sync is over. We however must explicitly disable replication of two-phase transactions during replication slot creation, even if the plugin supports it. We don't need to replicate the changes accumulated during this phase, and moreover, we don't have a replication connection open so we don't know where to send the data anyway. The streaming option is not allowed with this new two_phase option. This can be done as a separate patch. We don't allow to toggle two_phase option of a subscription because it can lead to an inconsistent replica. For the same reason, we don't allow to refresh the publication once the two_phase is enabled for a subscription unless copy_data option is false. Author: Peter Smith, Ajin Cherian and Amit Kapila based on previous work by Nikhil Sontakke and Stas Kelvich Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila, Sawada Masahiko, Vignesh C, Dilip Kumar, Takamichi Osumi, Greg Nancarrow Tested-By: Haiying Tang Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/02DA5F5E-CECE-4D9C-8B4B-418077E2C010@postgrespro.ru Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA4eK1+opiV4aFTmWWUF9h_32=HfPOW9vZASHarT0UA5oBrtGw@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-14Install properly fe-auth-sasl.hMichael Paquier
The internals of the frontend-side callbacks for SASL are visible in libpq-int.h, but the header was not getting installed. This would cause compilation failures for applications playing with the internals of libpq. Issue introduced in 9fd8557. Author: Mikhail Kulagin Reviewed-by: Jacob Champion Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/05ce01d777cb$40f31d60$c2d95820$@postgrespro.ru
2021-07-14Change the name of the Result Cache node to MemoizeDavid Rowley
"Result Cache" was never a great name for this node, but nobody managed to come up with another name that anyone liked enough. That was until David Johnston mentioned "Node Memoization", which Tom Lane revised to just "Memoize". People seem to like "Memoize", so let's do the rename. Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210708165145.GG1176@momjian.us Backpatch-through: 14, where Result Cache was introduced
2021-07-13Rename debug_invalidate_system_caches_always to debug_discard_caches.Tom Lane
The name introduced by commit 4656e3d66 was agreed to be unreasonably long. To match this change, rename initdb's recently-added --clobber-cache option to --discard-caches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1374320.1625430433@sss.pgh.pa.us
2021-07-13Remove useless range checks on INT8 sequencesDavid Rowley
There's no point in checking if an INT8 sequence has a seqmin and seqmax value is outside the range of the minimum and maximum values for an int64 type. These both use the same underlying types so an INT8 certainly cannot be outside the minimum and maximum values supported by int64. This code is fairly harmless and it seems likely that most compilers would optimize it out anyway, never-the-less, let's remove it replacing it with a small comment to mention why the check is not needed. Author: Greg Nancarrow, with the comment revised by David Rowley Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJcOf-c9KBUZ8ow_6e%3DWSfbbEyTKfqV%3DVwoFuODQVYMySHtusw%40mail.gmail.com
2021-07-13Robustify tuplesort's free_sort_tuple functionDavid Rowley
41469253e went to the trouble of removing a theoretical bug from free_sort_tuple by checking if the tuple was NULL before freeing it. Let's make this a little more robust by also setting the tuple to NULL so that should we be called again we won't end up doing a pfree on the already pfree'd tuple. Per advice from Tom Lane. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3188192.1626136953@sss.pgh.pa.us Backpatch-through: 9.6, same as 41469253e
2021-07-13Fix theoretical bug in tuplesortDavid Rowley
This fixes a theoretical bug in tuplesort.c which, if a bounded sort was used in combination with a byval Datum sort (tuplesort_begin_datum), when switching the sort to a bounded heap in make_bounded_heap(), we'd call free_sort_tuple(). The problem was that when sorting Datums of a byval type, the tuple is NULL and free_sort_tuple() would free the memory for it regardless of that. This would result in a crash. Here we fix that simply by adding a check to see if the tuple is NULL before trying to disassociate and free any memory belonging to it. The reason this bug is only theoretical is that nowhere in the current code base do we do tuplesort_set_bound() when performing a Datum sort. However, let's backpatch a fix for this as if any extension uses the code in this way then it's likely to cause problems. Author: Ronan Dunklau Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvpdoqNC5FjDb3KUTSMs5dg6f+XxH4Bg_dVcLi8UYAG3EQ@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 9.6, oldest supported version
2021-07-13Add PSQL_WATCH_PAGER for psql's \watch command.Thomas Munro
Allow a pager to be used by the \watch command. This works but isn't very useful with traditional pagers like "less", so use a different environment variable. The popular open source tool "pspg" (also by Pavel) knows how to display the output if you set PSQL_WATCH_PAGER="pspg --stream". To make \watch react quickly when the user quits the pager or presses ^C, and also to increase the accuracy of its timing and decrease the rate of useless context switches, change the main loop of the \watch command to use sigwait() rather than a sleeping/polling loop, on Unix. Supported on Unix only for now (like pspg). Author: Pavel Stehule <pavel.stehule@gmail.com> Author: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAFj8pRBfzUUPz-3gN5oAzto9SDuRSq-TQPfXU_P6h0L7hO%2BEhg%40mail.gmail.com
2021-07-12Probe for preadv/pwritev in a more macOS-friendly way.Tom Lane
Apple's mechanism for dealing with functions that are available in only some OS versions confuses AC_CHECK_FUNCS, and therefore AC_REPLACE_FUNCS. We can use AC_CHECK_DECLS instead, so long as we enable -Werror=unguarded-availability-new. This allows people compiling for macOS to control whether or not preadv/pwritev are used by setting MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET, rather than supplying a back-rev SDK. (Of course, the latter still works, too.) James Hilliard Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210122193230.25295-1-james.hilliard1@gmail.com
2021-07-12Replace RelationOpenSmgr() with RelationGetSmgr().Tom Lane
The idea behind this patch is to design out bugs like the one fixed by commit 9d523119f. Previously, once one did RelationOpenSmgr(rel), it was considered okay to access rel->rd_smgr directly for some not-very-clear interval. But since that pointer will be cleared by relcache flushes, we had bugs arising from overreliance on a previous RelationOpenSmgr call still being effective. Now, very little code except that in rel.h and relcache.c should ever touch the rd_smgr field directly. The normal coding rule is to use RelationGetSmgr(rel) and not expect the result to be valid for longer than one smgr function call. There are a couple of places where using the function every single time seemed like overkill, but they are now annotated with large warning comments. Amul Sul, after an idea of mine. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANiYTQsU7yMFpQYnv=BrcRVqK_3U3mtAzAsJCaqtzsDHfsUbdQ@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-12Remove dead assignment to local variable.Heikki Linnakangas
This should have been removed in commit 7e30c186da, which split the loop into two. Only the first loop uses the 'from' variable; updating it in the second loop is bogus. It was never read after the first loop, so this was harmless and surely optimized away by the compiler, but let's be tidy. Backpatch to all supported versions. Author: Ranier Vilela Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAEudQAoWq%2BAL3BnELHu7gms2GN07k-np6yLbukGaxJ1vY-zeiQ%40mail.gmail.com
2021-07-12Revert "Fix issues with Windows' stat() for files pending on deletion"Michael Paquier
This reverts commit 54fb8c7, as per the issues reported by fairywren when it comes to MinGW because of the lack of microsoft_native_stat() there. Using just stat() for MSVC is not sufficient to take care of the concurrency problems with files pending on deletion. It may be possible to paint some __MINGW64__ in the code to switch to a different implementation of stat() in this build context, but I am not sure either if relying on the implementation of stat() in MinGW to take care of the problems we are trying to fix is enough or not. So this needs more study. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YOvOlfRrIO0yGtgw@paquier.xyz Backpatch-through: 14
2021-07-12Fix issues with Windows' stat() for files pending on deletionMichael Paquier
The code introduced by bed9075 to enhance the stat() implementation on Windows for file sizes larger than 4GB fails to properly detect files pending for deletion with its method based on NtQueryInformationFile() or GetFileInformationByHandleEx(), as proved by Alexander Lakhin in a custom TAP test of his own. The method used in the implementation of open() to sleep and loop when when failing on ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED (EACCES) is showing much more stability, so switch to this method. This could still lead to issues if the permission problem stays around for much longer than the timeout of 1 second used, but that should (hopefully) never happen in performance-critical paths. Still, there could be a point in increasing the timeouts for the sake of machines that handle heavy loads. Note that WIN32's open() now uses microsoft_native_stat() as it should be similar to stat() when working around issues with concurrent file deletions. I have spent some time testing this patch with pgbench in combination of the SQL functions from genfile.c, as well as running the TAP test provided on the thread with MSVC builds, and this looks much more stable than the previous method. Author: Alexander Lakhin Reviewed-by: Tom Lane, Michael Paquier, Justin Pryzby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c3427edf-d7c0-ff57-90f6-b5de3bb62709@gmail.com Backpatch-through: 14
2021-07-11Lock the extension during ALTER EXTENSION ADD/DROP.Tom Lane
Although we were careful to lock the object being added or dropped, we failed to get any sort of lock on the extension itself. This allowed the ALTER to proceed in parallel with a DROP EXTENSION, which is problematic for a couple of reasons. If both commands succeeded we'd be left with a dangling link in pg_depend, which would cause problems later. Also, if the ALTER failed for some reason, it might try to print the extension's name, and that could result in a crash or (in older branches) a silly error message complaining about extension "(null)". Per bug #17098 from Alexander Lakhin. Back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17098-b960f3616c861f83@postgresql.org
2021-07-11Fix pgbench timestamp bugs.Thomas Munro
Commit 547f04e changed pgbench to use microsecond accounting, but introduced a couple of logging and aggregation bugs: 1. We print Unix epoch timestamps so that you can correlate them with other logs, but these were inadvertently changed to use a system-dependent reference epoch. Compute Unix timestamps, and begin aggregation intervals on the boundaries of whole Unix epoch seconds, as before. 2. The user-supplied aggregation interval needed to be scaled. Back-patch to 14. Author: Fabien COELHO <coelho@cri.ensmp.fr> Author: Yugo NAGATA <nagata@sraoss.co.jp> Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Reported-by: YoungHwan Joo <rulyox@gmail.com> Reported-by: Gregory Smith <gregsmithpgsql@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAF7igB1r6wRfSCEAB-iZBKxkowWY6%2BdFF2jObSdd9%2BiVK%2BvHJg%40mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHLJuCW_8Vpcr0%3Dt6O_gozrg3wXXWXZXDioYJd3NhvKriqgpfQ%40mail.gmail.com
2021-07-10Fix assign_record_type_typmod().Jeff Davis
If an error occurred in the wrong place, it was possible to leave an unintialized entry in the hash table, leading to a crash. Fixed. Also, be more careful about the order of operations so that an allocation error doesn't leak memory in CacheMemoryContext or unnecessarily advance NextRecordTypmod. Backpatch through version 11. Earlier versions (prior to 35ea75632a5) do not exhibit the problem, because an uninitialized hash entry contains a valid empty list. Author: Sait Talha Nisanci <Sait.Nisanci@microsoft.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/HE1PR8303MB009069D476225B9A9E194B8891779@HE1PR8303MB0090.EURPRD83.prod.outlook.com Backpatch-through: 11
2021-07-10Add more sanity checks in SASL exchangesMichael Paquier
The following checks are added, to make the SASL infrastructure more aware of defects when implementing new mechanisms: - Detect that no output is generated by a mechanism if an exchange fails in the backend, failing if there is a message waiting to be sent. - Handle zero-length messages in the frontend. The backend handles that already, and SCRAM would complain if sending empty messages as this is not authorized for this mechanism, but other mechanisms may want this capability (the SASL specification allows that). - Make sure that a mechanism generates a message in the middle of the exchange in the frontend. SCRAM, as implemented, respects all these requirements already, and the recent refactoring of SASL done in 9fd8557 helps in documenting that in a cleaner way. Analyzed-by: Jacob Champion Author: Michael Paquier Reviewed-by: Jacob Champion Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3d2a6f5d50e741117d6baf83eb67ebf1a8a35a11.camel@vmware.com
2021-07-10Fix numeric_mul() overflow due to too many digits after decimal point.Dean Rasheed
This fixes an overflow error when using the numeric * operator if the result has more than 16383 digits after the decimal point by rounding the result. Overflow errors should only occur if the result has too many digits *before* the decimal point. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCUmeFWCrq2dNzZpRj5+6LfN85jYiDoqm+ucSXhb9U2TbA@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-09libpq: Fix sending queries in pipeline aborted stateAlvaro Herrera
When sending queries in pipeline mode, we were careless about leaving the connection in the right state so that PQgetResult would behave correctly; trying to read further results after sending a query after having read a result with an error would sometimes hang. Fix by ensuring internal libpq state is changed properly. All the state changes were being done by the callers of pqAppendCmdQueueEntry(); it would have become too repetitious to have this logic in each of them, so instead put it all in that function and relieve callers of the responsibility. Add a test to verify this case. Without the code fix, this new test hangs sometimes. Also, document that PQisBusy() would return false when no queries are pending result. This is not intuitively obvious, and NULL would be obtained by calling PQgetResult() at that point, which is confusing. Wording by Boris Kolpackov. In passing, fix bogus use of "false" to mean "0", per Ranier Vilela. Backpatch to 14. Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reported-by: Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/boris.20210624103805@codesynthesis.com
2021-07-09Eliminate replication protocol error related to IDENTIFY_SYSTEM.Jeff Davis
The requirement that IDENTIFY_SYSTEM be run before START_REPLICATION was both undocumented and unnecessary. Remove the error and ensure that ThisTimeLineID is initialized in START_REPLICATION. Elect not to backport because this requirement was expected behavior (even if inconsistently enforced), and is not likely to cause any major problem. Author: Jeff Davis Reviewed-by: Andres Freund Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/de4bbf05b7cd94227841c433ea6ff71d2130c713.camel%40j-davis.com
2021-07-09Avoid creating a RESULT RTE that's marked LATERAL.Tom Lane
Commit 7266d0997 added code to pull up simple constant function results, converting the RTE_FUNCTION RTE to a dummy RTE_RESULT RTE since it no longer need be scanned. But I forgot to clear the LATERAL flag if the RTE has it set. If the function reduced to a constant, it surely contains no lateral references so this simplification is logically OK. It's needed because various other places will Assert that RESULT RTEs aren't LATERAL. Per bug #17097 from Yaoguang Chen. Back-patch to v13 where the faulty code came in. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17097-3372ef9f798fc94f@postgresql.org
2021-07-09Update configure's probe for libldap to work with OpenLDAP 2.5.Tom Lane
The separate libldap_r is gone and libldap itself is now always thread-safe. Unfortunately there seems no easy way to tell by inspection whether libldap is thread-safe, so we have to take it on faith that libldap is thread-safe if there's no libldap_r. That should be okay, as it appears that libldap_r was a standard part of the installation going back at least 20 years. Report and patch by Adrian Ho. Back-patch to all supported branches, since people might try to build any of them with a newer OpenLDAP. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17083-a19190d9591946a7@postgresql.org
2021-07-09Reject cases where a query in WITH rewrites to just NOTIFY.Tom Lane
Since the executor can't cope with a utility statement appearing as a node of a plan tree, we can't support cases where a rewrite rule inserts a NOTIFY into an INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE command appearing in a WITH clause of a larger query. (One can imagine ways around that, but it'd be a new feature not a bug fix, and so far there's been no demand for it.) RewriteQuery checked for this, but it missed the case where the DML command rewrites to *only* a NOTIFY. That'd lead to crashes later on in planning. Add the missed check, and improve the level of testing of this area. Per bug #17094 from Yaoguang Chen. It's been busted since WITH was introduced, so back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17094-bf15dff55eaf2e28@postgresql.org
2021-07-09Teach pg_size_pretty and pg_size_bytes about petabytesDavid Rowley
There was talk about adding units all the way up to yottabytes but it seems quite far-fetched that anyone would need those. Since such large units are not exactly commonplace, it seems unlikely that having pg_size_pretty outputting unit any larger than petabytes would actually be helpful to anyone. Since petabytes are on the horizon, let's just add those only. Maybe one day we'll get to add additional units, but it will likely be a while before we'll need to think beyond petabytes in regards to the size of a database. Author: David Christensen Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOxo6XKmHc_WZip-x5QwaOqFEiCq_SVD0B7sbTZQk+qqcn2qaw@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-09Add forgotten LSN_FORMAT_ARGS() in xlogreader.cMichael Paquier
These should have been part of 4035cd5, that introduced LZ4 support for wal_compression.
2021-07-09Remove more obsolete comments about semaphores.Thomas Munro
Commit 6753333f stopped using semaphores as the sleep/wake mechanism for heavyweight locks, but some obsolete references to that scheme remained in comments. As with similar commit 25b93a29, back-patch all the way. Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGLafjB1uzXcy%3D%3D2L3cy7rjHkqOVn7qRYGBjk%3D%3DtMJE7Yg%40mail.gmail.com
2021-07-09Use a lookup table for units in pg_size_pretty and pg_size_bytesDavid Rowley
We've grown 2 versions of pg_size_pretty over the years, one for BIGINT and one for NUMERIC. Both should output the same, but keeping them in sync is harder than needed due to neither function sharing a source of truth about which units to use and how to transition to the next largest unit. Here we add a static array which defines the units that we recognize and have both pg_size_pretty and pg_size_pretty_numeric use it. This will make adding any units in the future a very simple task. The table contains all information required to allow us to also modify pg_size_bytes to use the lookup table, so adjust that too. There are no behavioral changes here. Author: David Rowley Reviewed-by: Dean Rasheed, Tom Lane, David Christensen Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvru1F7qsEVL-iOHeezJ+5WVxXnyD_Jo9nht+Eh85ekK-Q@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-09Fix incorrect return value in pg_size_pretty(bigint)David Rowley
Due to how pg_size_pretty(bigint) was implemented, it's possible that when given a negative number of bytes that the returning value would not match the equivalent positive return value when given the equivalent positive number of bytes. This was due to two separate issues. 1. The function used bit shifting to convert the number of bytes into larger units. The rounding performed by bit shifting is not the same as dividing. For example -3 >> 1 = -2, but -3 / 2 = -1. These two operations are only equivalent with positive numbers. 2. The half_rounded() macro rounded towards positive infinity. This meant that negative numbers rounded towards zero and positive numbers rounded away from zero. Here we fix #1 by dividing the values instead of bit shifting. We fix #2 by adjusting the half_rounded macro always to round away from zero. Additionally, adjust the pg_size_pretty(numeric) function to be more explicit that it's using division rather than bit shifting. A casual observer might have believed bit shifting was used due to a static function being named numeric_shift_right. However, that function was calculating the divisor from the number of bits and performed division. Here we make that more clear. This change is just cosmetic and does not affect the return value of the numeric version of the function. Here we also add a set of regression tests both versions of pg_size_pretty() which test the values directly before and after the function switches to the next unit. This bug was introduced in 8a1fab36a. Prior to that negative values were always displayed in bytes. Author: Dean Rasheed, David Rowley Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEZATCXnNW4HsmZnxhfezR5FuiGgp+mkY4AzcL5eRGO4fuadWg@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 9.6, where the bug was introduced.
2021-07-08Fix typos in pgstat.c, reorderbuffer.c and pathnodes.hDaniel Gustafsson
Reviewed-by: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/50250765-5B87-4AD7-9770-7FCED42A6175@yesql.se
2021-07-08Improve error messages about mismatching relkindPeter Eisentraut
Most error messages about a relkind that was not supported or appropriate for the command was of the pattern "relation \"%s\" is not a table, foreign table, or materialized view" This style can become verbose and tedious to maintain. Moreover, it's not very helpful: If I'm trying to create a comment on a TOAST table, which is not supported, then the information that I could have created a comment on a materialized view is pointless. Instead, write the primary error message shorter and saying more directly that what was attempted is not possible. Then, in the detail message, explain that the operation is not supported for the relkind the object was. To simplify that, add a new function errdetail_relkind_not_supported() that does this. In passing, make use of RELKIND_HAS_STORAGE() where appropriate, instead of listing out the relkinds individually. Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/dc35a398-37d0-75ce-07ea-1dd71d98f8ec@2ndquadrant.com
2021-07-07Use a hash table to speed up NOT IN(values)David Rowley
Similar to 50e17ad28, which allowed hash tables to be used for IN clauses with a set of constants, here we add the same feature for NOT IN clauses. NOT IN evaluates the same as: WHERE a <> v1 AND a <> v2 AND a <> v3. Obviously, if we're using a hash table we must be exactly equivalent to that and return the same result taking into account that either side of the condition could contain a NULL. This requires a little bit of special handling to make work with the hash table version. When processing NOT IN, the ScalarArrayOpExpr's operator will be the <> operator. To be able to build and lookup a hash table we must use the <>'s negator operator. The planner checks if that exists and is hashable and sets the relevant fields in ScalarArrayOpExpr to instruct the executor to use hashing. Author: David Rowley, James Coleman Reviewed-by: James Coleman, Zhihong Yu Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvoF1mum_FRk6D621edcB6KSHBi2+GAgWmioj5AhOu2vwQ@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-07Refactor SASL code with a generic interface for its mechanismsMichael Paquier
The code of SCRAM and SASL have been tightly linked together since SCRAM exists in the core code, making hard to apprehend the addition of new SASL mechanisms, but these are by design different facilities, with SCRAM being an option for SASL. This refactors the code related to both so as the backend and the frontend use a set of callbacks for SASL mechanisms, documenting while on it what is expected by anybody adding a new SASL mechanism. The separation between both layers is neat, using two sets of callbacks for the frontend and the backend to mark the frontier between both facilities. The shape of the callbacks is now directly inspired from the routines used by SCRAM, so the code change is straight-forward, and the SASL code is moved into its own set of files. These will likely change depending on how and if new SASL mechanisms get added in the future. Author: Jacob Champion Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3d2a6f5d50e741117d6baf83eb67ebf1a8a35a11.camel@vmware.com
2021-07-06Allow CustomScan providers to say whether they support projections.Tom Lane
Previously, all CustomScan providers had to support projections, but there may be cases where this is inconvenient. Add a flag bit to say if it's supported. Important item for the release notes: this is non-backwards-compatible since the default is now to assume that CustomScan providers can't project, instead of assuming that they can. It's fail-soft, but could result in visible performance penalties due to adding unnecessary Result nodes. Sven Klemm, reviewed by Aleksander Alekseev; some cosmetic fiddling by me. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAMCrgp1kyakOz6c8aKhNDJXjhQ1dEjEnp+6KNT3KxPrjNtsrDg@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-06Improve TestLib::system_or_bail error reportingAlvaro Herrera
The original coding was not quoting the complete failing command, and it wasn't printing the reason for the failure either. Do both. This is cosmetic only, so no backpatch. Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/202106301524.eq5pblzstapj@alvherre.pgsql
2021-07-06Reduce the cost of planning deeply-nested views.Tom Lane
Joel Jacobson reported that deep nesting of trivial (flattenable) views results in O(N^3) growth of planning time for N-deep nesting. It turns out that a large chunk of this cost comes from copying around the "subquery" sub-tree of each view's RTE_SUBQUERY RTE. But once we have successfully flattened the subquery, we don't need that anymore, because the planner isn't going to do anything else interesting with that RTE. We already zap the subquery pointer during setrefs.c (cf. add_rte_to_flat_rtable), but it's useless baggage earlier than that too. Clearing the pointer as soon as pull_up_simple_subquery is done with the RTE reduces the cost from O(N^3) to O(N^2); which is still not great, but it's quite a lot better. Further improvements will require rethinking of the RTE data structure, which is being considered in another thread. Patch by me; thanks to Dean Rasheed for review. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/797aff54-b49b-4914-9ff9-aa42564a4d7d@www.fastmail.com
2021-07-06Refactor function parse_subscription_options.Amit Kapila
Instead of using multiple parameters in parse_subscription_options function signature, use the struct SubOpts that encapsulate all the subscription options and their values. It will be useful for future work where we need to add other options in the subscription. Also, use bitmaps to pass the supported and retrieve the specified options much like the way it is done in the commit a3dc926009. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Reviewed-By: Peter Smith, Amit Kapila, Alvaro Herrera Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACXtoQczfNsDQWobypVvHbX2DtgEHn8DawS0eGFwuo72kw@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-06Fix typo in commentDavid Rowley
Author: James Coleman Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAaqYe8f8ENA0i1PdBtUNWDd2sxHSMgscNYbjhaXMuAdfBrZcg@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-06Reduce the number of pallocs when building partition boundsDavid Rowley
In each of the create_*_bound() functions for LIST, RANGE and HASH partitioning, there were a large number of palloc calls which could be reduced down to a much smaller number. In each of these functions, an array was built so that we could qsort it before making the PartitionBoundInfo. For LIST and HASH partitioning, an array of pointers was allocated then each element was allocated within that array. Since the number of items of each dimension is known beforehand, we can just allocate a single chunk of memory for this. Similarly, with all partition strategies, we're able to reduce the number of allocations to build the ->datums field. This is an array of Datum pointers, but there's no need for the Datums that each element points to to be singly allocated. One big chunk will do. For RANGE partitioning, the PartitionBoundInfo->kind field can get the same treatment. We can apply the same optimizations to partition_bounds_copy(). Doing this might have a small effect on cache performance when searching for the correct partition during partition pruning or DML on a partitioned table. However, that's likely to be small and this is mostly about reducing palloc overhead. Author: Nitin Jadhav, Justin Pryzby, David Rowley Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby, Zhihong Yu Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/CAMm1aWYFTqEio3bURzZh47jveiHRwgQTiSDvBORczNEz2duZ1Q@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-06Use WaitLatch() instead of pg_usleep() at the end of backupsMichael Paquier
This concerns pg_stop_backup() and BASE_BACKUP, when waiting for the WAL segments required for a backup to be archived. This simplifies a bit the handling of the wait event used in this code path. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier, Stephen Frost Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACU4AdPCq6NLfcA-ZGwX7pPCK5FgEj-CAU0xCKzkASSy_A@mail.gmail.com
2021-07-05Reduce overhead of cache-clobber testing in LookupOpclassInfo().Tom Lane
Commit 03ffc4d6d added logic to bypass all caching behavior in LookupOpclassInfo when CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS is enabled. It doesn't look like I stopped to think much about what that would cost, but recent investigation shows that the cost is enormous: it roughly doubles the time needed for cache-clobber test runs. There does seem to be value in this behavior when trying to test the opclass-cache loading logic itself, but for other purposes the cost is excessive. Hence, let's back off to doing this only when debug_invalidate_system_caches_always is at least 3; or in older branches, when CLOBBER_CACHE_RECURSIVELY is defined. While here, clean up some other minor issues in LookupOpclassInfo. Re-order the code so we aren't left with broken cache entries (leading to later core dumps) in the unlikely case that we suffer OOM while trying to allocate space for a new entry. (That seems to be my oversight in 03ffc4d6d.) Also, in >= v13, stop allocating one array entry too many. That's evidently left over from sloppy reversion in 851b14b0c. Back-patch to all supported branches, mainly to reduce the runtime of cache-clobbering buildfarm animals. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1370856.1625428625@sss.pgh.pa.us
2021-07-05Rethink blocking annotations in detach-partition-concurrently-[34].Tom Lane
In 741d7f104, I tried to make the reports from canceled steps come out after the pg_cancel_backend() steps, since that was the most common ordering before. However, that doesn't ensure that a canceled step doesn't report even later, as shown in a recent failure on buildfarm member idiacanthus. Rather than complicating things even more with additional annotations, let's just force the cancel's effect to be reported first. It's not *that* unnatural-looking. Back-patch to v14 where these test cases appeared. Report: https://buildfarm.postgresql.org/cgi-bin/show_log.pl?nm=idiacanthus&dt=2021-07-02%2001%3A40%3A04