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# Very simple HTTPS client example:
# - Connects to a server.
# - Upgrades the connection to a TLS connection.
# - Sends a HTTP request.
# - Reads the result.
#
# This example works in both MicroPython and CPython.
#
# To implement an HTTPS client using less code, use mip to install the requests package:
# https://github.com/micropython/micropython-lib/tree/master/python-ecosys/requests
import socket
import ssl
# `addr_family` selects IPv4 vs IPv6: 0 means either, or use
# socket.AF_INET or socket.AF_INET6 to select a particular one.
def main(url, addr_family=0, use_stream=True):
# Split the given URL into components.
proto, _, host, path = url.split(b"/", 3)
assert proto == b"https:"
# Lookup the server address, for the given family and socket type.
ai = socket.getaddrinfo(host, 443, addr_family, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
print("Address infos:", ai)
# Select the first address.
ai = ai[0]
# Create a socket with the server's family, type and proto.
s = socket.socket(ai[0], ai[1], ai[2])
# Connect to the server.
addr = ai[-1]
print("Connect address:", addr)
s.connect(addr)
# Upgrade the socket to a TLS connection.
ctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT)
ctx.check_hostname = False
ctx.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
s = ctx.wrap_socket(s)
print(s)
# Send request and read response.
request = b"GET /%s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n" % (path, host)
if use_stream:
# Both CPython and MicroPython SSLSocket objects support read() and
# write() methods.
s.write(request)
print(s.read(4096))
else:
# MicroPython SSLSocket objects implement only stream interface, not
# socket interface
s.send(request)
print(s.recv(4096))
# Close the socket.
s.close()
main(b"https://www.google.com/")
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