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-rw-r--r--src/test/regress/expected/window.out406
-rw-r--r--src/test/regress/sql/window.sql162
2 files changed, 568 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/window.out b/src/test/regress/expected/window.out
index b86b668f433..a595fa28ce1 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/window.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/window.out
@@ -5453,3 +5453,409 @@ SELECT * FROM pg_temp.f(2);
{5}
(5 rows)
+-- IGNORE NULLS tests
+CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE planets (
+ name text,
+ distance text,
+ orbit integer
+);
+INSERT INTO planets VALUES
+ ('mercury', 'close', 88),
+ ('venus', 'close', 224),
+ ('earth', 'close', NULL),
+ ('mars', 'close', NULL),
+ ('jupiter', 'close', 4332),
+ ('saturn', 'far', 24491),
+ ('uranus', 'far', NULL),
+ ('neptune', 'far', 60182),
+ ('pluto', 'far', 90560),
+ ('xyzzy', 'far', NULL);
+-- test ruleutils
+CREATE VIEW planets_view AS
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ lag(orbit) OVER w AS lag,
+ lag(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w AS lag_respect,
+ lag(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name)
+;
+NOTICE: view "planets_view" will be a temporary view
+SELECT pg_get_viewdef('planets_view');
+ pg_get_viewdef
+--------------------------------------------------
+ SELECT name, +
+ orbit, +
+ lag(orbit) OVER w AS lag, +
+ lag(orbit) OVER w AS lag_respect, +
+ lag(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore+
+ FROM planets +
+ WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name);
+(1 row)
+
+-- lag
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ lag(orbit) OVER w AS lag,
+ lag(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w AS lag_respect,
+ lag(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name)
+;
+ name | orbit | lag | lag_respect | lag_ignore
+---------+-------+-------+-------------+------------
+ earth | | | |
+ jupiter | 4332 | | |
+ mars | | 4332 | 4332 | 4332
+ mercury | 88 | | | 4332
+ neptune | 60182 | 88 | 88 | 88
+ pluto | 90560 | 60182 | 60182 | 60182
+ saturn | 24491 | 90560 | 90560 | 90560
+ uranus | | 24491 | 24491 | 24491
+ venus | 224 | | | 24491
+ xyzzy | | 224 | 224 | 224
+(10 rows)
+
+-- lead
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ lead(orbit) OVER w AS lead,
+ lead(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w AS lead_respect,
+ lead(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name)
+;
+ name | orbit | lead | lead_respect | lead_ignore
+---------+-------+-------+--------------+-------------
+ earth | | 4332 | 4332 | 4332
+ jupiter | 4332 | | | 88
+ mars | | 88 | 88 | 88
+ mercury | 88 | 60182 | 60182 | 60182
+ neptune | 60182 | 90560 | 90560 | 90560
+ pluto | 90560 | 24491 | 24491 | 24491
+ saturn | 24491 | | | 224
+ uranus | | 224 | 224 | 224
+ venus | 224 | | |
+ xyzzy | | | |
+(10 rows)
+
+-- first_value
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w1,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w1,
+ first_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w2,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w2
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),
+ w2 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+ name | orbit | first_value | first_value | first_value | first_value
+---------+-------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------
+ earth | | | 4332 | | 4332
+ jupiter | 4332 | | 4332 | | 4332
+ mars | | | 4332 | | 4332
+ mercury | 88 | | 4332 | 4332 | 4332
+ neptune | 60182 | | 4332 | | 88
+ pluto | 90560 | | 4332 | 88 | 88
+ saturn | 24491 | | 4332 | 60182 | 60182
+ uranus | | | 4332 | 90560 | 90560
+ venus | 224 | | 4332 | 24491 | 24491
+ xyzzy | | | 4332 | | 224
+(10 rows)
+
+-- nth_value
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) RESPECT NULLS OVER w1,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w1,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) RESPECT NULLS OVER w2,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w2
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),
+ w2 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+ name | orbit | nth_value | nth_value | nth_value | nth_value
+---------+-------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
+ earth | | 4332 | 88 | 4332 |
+ jupiter | 4332 | 4332 | 88 | 4332 | 88
+ mars | | 4332 | 88 | 4332 | 88
+ mercury | 88 | 4332 | 88 | | 88
+ neptune | 60182 | 4332 | 88 | 88 | 60182
+ pluto | 90560 | 4332 | 88 | 60182 | 60182
+ saturn | 24491 | 4332 | 88 | 90560 | 90560
+ uranus | | 4332 | 88 | 24491 | 24491
+ venus | 224 | 4332 | 88 | | 224
+ xyzzy | | 4332 | 88 | 224 |
+(10 rows)
+
+-- last_value
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ last_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w1,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w1,
+ last_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w2,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w2
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),
+ w2 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+ name | orbit | last_value | last_value | last_value | last_value
+---------+-------+------------+------------+------------+------------
+ earth | | | 224 | | 4332
+ jupiter | 4332 | | 224 | 88 | 88
+ mars | | | 224 | 60182 | 60182
+ mercury | 88 | | 224 | 90560 | 90560
+ neptune | 60182 | | 224 | 24491 | 24491
+ pluto | 90560 | | 224 | | 24491
+ saturn | 24491 | | 224 | 224 | 224
+ uranus | | | 224 | | 224
+ venus | 224 | | 224 | | 224
+ xyzzy | | | 224 | | 224
+(10 rows)
+
+-- exclude current row
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ lead(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore,
+ lag(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING EXCLUDE CURRENT ROW)
+;
+ name | orbit | first_value | last_value | nth_value | lead_ignore | lag_ignore
+---------+-------+-------------+------------+-----------+-------------+------------
+ earth | | 4332 | 4332 | | 4332 |
+ jupiter | 4332 | 88 | 88 | | 88 |
+ mars | | 4332 | 60182 | 88 | 88 | 4332
+ mercury | 88 | 4332 | 90560 | 60182 | 60182 | 4332
+ neptune | 60182 | 88 | 24491 | 90560 | 90560 | 88
+ pluto | 90560 | 88 | 24491 | 60182 | 24491 | 60182
+ saturn | 24491 | 60182 | 224 | 90560 | 224 | 90560
+ uranus | | 90560 | 224 | 24491 | 224 | 24491
+ venus | 224 | 24491 | 24491 | | | 24491
+ xyzzy | | 224 | 224 | | | 224
+(10 rows)
+
+-- valid and invalid functions
+SELECT sum(orbit) OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+ sum
+--------
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+ 179877
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT sum(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: aggregate functions do not accept RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+LINE 1: SELECT sum(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets;
+ ^
+SELECT sum(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: aggregate functions do not accept RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+LINE 1: SELECT sum(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets;
+ ^
+SELECT row_number() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+ row_number
+------------
+ 1
+ 2
+ 3
+ 4
+ 5
+ 6
+ 7
+ 8
+ 9
+ 10
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT row_number() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function row_number does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT row_number() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function row_number does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT rank() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+ rank
+------
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT rank() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function rank does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT rank() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function rank does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT dense_rank() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+ dense_rank
+------------
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT dense_rank() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function dense_rank does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT dense_rank() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function dense_rank does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT percent_rank() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+ percent_rank
+--------------
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+ 0
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT percent_rank() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function percent_rank does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT percent_rank() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function percent_rank does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT cume_dist() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+ cume_dist
+-----------
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT cume_dist() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function cume_dist does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT cume_dist() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function cume_dist does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT ntile(1) OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+ ntile
+-------
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+ 1
+(10 rows)
+
+SELECT ntile(1) RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function ntile does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+SELECT ntile(1) IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+ERROR: function ntile does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS
+-- test two consecutive nulls
+update planets set orbit=null where name='jupiter';
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ lead(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore,
+ lag(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+ name | orbit | first_value | last_value | nth_value | lead_ignore | lag_ignore
+---------+-------+-------------+------------+-----------+-------------+------------
+ earth | | | | | 88 |
+ jupiter | | 88 | 88 | | 88 |
+ mars | | 88 | 60182 | 60182 | 88 |
+ mercury | 88 | 88 | 90560 | 60182 | 60182 |
+ neptune | 60182 | 88 | 24491 | 60182 | 90560 | 88
+ pluto | 90560 | 88 | 24491 | 60182 | 24491 | 60182
+ saturn | 24491 | 60182 | 224 | 90560 | 224 | 90560
+ uranus | | 90560 | 224 | 24491 | 224 | 24491
+ venus | 224 | 24491 | 224 | 224 | | 24491
+ xyzzy | | 224 | 224 | | | 224
+(10 rows)
+
+-- test partitions
+SELECT name,
+ distance,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ lead(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore,
+ lag(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY distance ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+ name | distance | orbit | first_value | last_value | nth_value | lead_ignore | lag_ignore
+---------+----------+-------+-------------+------------+-----------+-------------+------------
+ earth | close | | | | | 88 |
+ jupiter | close | | 88 | 88 | | 88 |
+ mars | close | | 88 | 224 | 224 | 88 |
+ mercury | close | 88 | 88 | 224 | 224 | 224 |
+ venus | close | 224 | 88 | 224 | 224 | | 88
+ neptune | far | 60182 | 60182 | 24491 | 90560 | 90560 |
+ pluto | far | 90560 | 60182 | 24491 | 90560 | 24491 | 60182
+ saturn | far | 24491 | 60182 | 24491 | 90560 | | 90560
+ uranus | far | | 90560 | 24491 | 24491 | | 24491
+ xyzzy | far | | 24491 | 24491 | | | 24491
+(10 rows)
+
+-- nth_value without nulls
+SELECT x,
+ nth_value(x,2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w
+FROM generate_series(1,5) g(x)
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING EXCLUDE CURRENT ROW);
+ x | nth_value
+---+-----------
+ 1 | 3
+ 2 | 3
+ 3 | 2
+ 4 | 3
+ 5 | 4
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT x,
+ nth_value(x,2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w
+FROM generate_series(1,5) g(x)
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING);
+ x | nth_value
+---+-----------
+ 1 | 2
+ 2 | 2
+ 3 | 2
+ 4 | 3
+ 5 | 4
+(5 rows)
+
+--cleanup
+DROP TABLE planets CASCADE;
+NOTICE: drop cascades to view planets_view
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/window.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/window.sql
index 02f105f070e..85fc621c8db 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/window.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/window.sql
@@ -1958,3 +1958,165 @@ $$ LANGUAGE SQL STABLE;
EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM pg_temp.f(2);
SELECT * FROM pg_temp.f(2);
+
+-- IGNORE NULLS tests
+
+CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE planets (
+ name text,
+ distance text,
+ orbit integer
+);
+
+INSERT INTO planets VALUES
+ ('mercury', 'close', 88),
+ ('venus', 'close', 224),
+ ('earth', 'close', NULL),
+ ('mars', 'close', NULL),
+ ('jupiter', 'close', 4332),
+ ('saturn', 'far', 24491),
+ ('uranus', 'far', NULL),
+ ('neptune', 'far', 60182),
+ ('pluto', 'far', 90560),
+ ('xyzzy', 'far', NULL);
+
+-- test ruleutils
+CREATE VIEW planets_view AS
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ lag(orbit) OVER w AS lag,
+ lag(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w AS lag_respect,
+ lag(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name)
+;
+SELECT pg_get_viewdef('planets_view');
+
+-- lag
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ lag(orbit) OVER w AS lag,
+ lag(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w AS lag_respect,
+ lag(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name)
+;
+
+-- lead
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ lead(orbit) OVER w AS lead,
+ lead(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w AS lead_respect,
+ lead(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name)
+;
+
+-- first_value
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w1,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w1,
+ first_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w2,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w2
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),
+ w2 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+
+-- nth_value
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) RESPECT NULLS OVER w1,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w1,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) RESPECT NULLS OVER w2,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w2
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),
+ w2 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+
+-- last_value
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ last_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w1,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w1,
+ last_value(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER w2,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w2
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),
+ w2 AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+
+-- exclude current row
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ lead(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore,
+ lag(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING EXCLUDE CURRENT ROW)
+;
+
+-- valid and invalid functions
+SELECT sum(orbit) OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+SELECT sum(orbit) RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT sum(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT row_number() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+SELECT row_number() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT row_number() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT rank() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+SELECT rank() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT rank() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT dense_rank() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+SELECT dense_rank() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT dense_rank() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT percent_rank() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+SELECT percent_rank() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT percent_rank() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT cume_dist() OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+SELECT cume_dist() RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT cume_dist() IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT ntile(1) OVER () FROM planets; -- succeeds
+SELECT ntile(1) RESPECT NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+SELECT ntile(1) IGNORE NULLS OVER () FROM planets; -- fails
+
+-- test two consecutive nulls
+update planets set orbit=null where name='jupiter';
+SELECT name,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ lead(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore,
+ lag(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+
+-- test partitions
+SELECT name,
+ distance,
+ orbit,
+ first_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ last_value(orbit) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ nth_value(orbit, 2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w,
+ lead(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lead_ignore,
+ lag(orbit, 1) IGNORE NULLS OVER w AS lag_ignore
+FROM planets
+WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY distance ORDER BY name ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING)
+;
+
+-- nth_value without nulls
+SELECT x,
+ nth_value(x,2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w
+FROM generate_series(1,5) g(x)
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING EXCLUDE CURRENT ROW);
+SELECT x,
+ nth_value(x,2) IGNORE NULLS OVER w
+FROM generate_series(1,5) g(x)
+WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x ROWS BETWEEN 2 PRECEDING AND 2 FOLLOWING);
+
+--cleanup
+DROP TABLE planets CASCADE;