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2021-03-23Use correct spelling of statistics kindTomas Vondra
A couple error messages and comments used 'statistic kind', not the correct 'statistics kind'. Fix and backpatch all the way back to 10, where extended statistics were introduced. Backpatch-through: 10
2021-03-17Prevent buffer overrun in read_tablespace_map().Tom Lane
Robert Foggia of Trustwave reported that read_tablespace_map() fails to prevent an overrun of its on-stack input buffer. Since the tablespace map file is presumed trustworthy, this does not seem like an interesting security vulnerability, but still we should fix it just in the name of robustness. While here, document that pg_basebackup's --tablespace-mapping option doesn't work with tar-format output, because it doesn't. To make it work, we'd have to modify the tablespace_map file within the tarball sent by the server, which might be possible but I'm not volunteering. (Less-painful solutions would require changing the basebackup protocol so that the source server could adjust the map. That's not very appetizing either.)
2021-03-12Forbid marking an identity column as nullable.Tom Lane
GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY implies NOT NULL, but the code failed to complain if you overrode that with "GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY NULL". One might think the old behavior was a feature, but it was inconsistent because the outcome varied depending on the order of the clauses, so it seems to have been just an oversight. Per bug #16913 from Pavel Boev. Back-patch to v10 where identity columns were introduced. Vik Fearing (minor tweaks by me) Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16913-3b5198410f67d8c6@postgresql.org
2021-03-10Doc: B-Tree only has one additional parameter.Peter Geoghegan
Oversight in commit 9f3665fb. Backpatch: 13-, just like commit 9f3665fb.
2021-03-10Don't consider newly inserted tuples in nbtree VACUUM.Peter Geoghegan
Remove the entire idea of "stale stats" within nbtree VACUUM (stop caring about stats involving the number of inserted tuples). Also remove the vacuum_cleanup_index_scale_factor GUC/param on the master branch (though just disable them on postgres 13). The vacuum_cleanup_index_scale_factor/stats interface made the nbtree AM partially responsible for deciding when pg_class.reltuples stats needed to be updated. This seems contrary to the spirit of the index AM API, though -- it is not actually necessary for an index AM's bulk delete and cleanup callbacks to provide accurate stats when it happens to be inconvenient. The core code owns that. (Index AMs have the authority to perform or not perform certain kinds of deferred cleanup based on their own considerations, such as page deletion and recycling, but that has little to do with pg_class.reltuples/num_index_tuples.) This issue was fairly harmless until the introduction of the autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold feature by commit b07642db, which had an undesirable interaction with the vacuum_cleanup_index_scale_factor mechanism: it made insert-driven autovacuums perform full index scans, even though there is no real benefit to doing so. This has been tied to a regression with an append-only insert benchmark [1]. Also have remaining cases that perform a full scan of an index during a cleanup-only nbtree VACUUM indicate that the final tuple count is only an estimate. This prevents vacuumlazy.c from setting the index's pg_class.reltuples in those cases (it will now only update pg_class when vacuumlazy.c had TIDs for nbtree to bulk delete). This arguably fixes an oversight in deduplication-related bugfix commit 48e12913. [1] https://smalldatum.blogspot.com/2021/01/insert-benchmark-postgres-is-still.html Author: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie> Reviewed-By: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoA4WHthN5uU6+WScZ7+J_RcEjmcuH94qcoUPuB42ShXzg@mail.gmail.com Backpatch: 13-, where autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold was added.
2021-03-10Doc: improve introductory information about procedures.Tom Lane
Clarify the discussion in "User-Defined Procedures", by laying out the key differences between functions and procedures in a bulleted list. Notably, this avoids burying the lede about procedures being able to do transaction control. Make the back-link in the CREATE FUNCTION reference page more prominent, and add one in CREATE PROCEDURE. Per gripe from Guyren Howe. Thanks to David Johnston for discussion. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/BYAPR03MB4903C53A8BB7EFF5EA289674A6949@BYAPR03MB4903.namprd03.prod.outlook.com
2021-03-03Clarify the usage of max_replication_slots on the subscriber side.Amit Kapila
It was not clear in the docs that the max_replication_slots is also used to track replication origins on the subscriber side. Author: Paul Martinez Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila Backpatch-through: 10 where logical replication was introduced Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACqFVBZgwCN_pHnW6dMNCrOS7tiHCw6Retf_=U2Vvj3aUSeATw@mail.gmail.com
2021-02-26Doc: further clarify libpq's description of connection string URIs.Tom Lane
Break the synopsis into named parts to make it less confusing. Make more than zero effort at applying SGML markup. Do a bit of copy-editing of nearby text. The synopsis revision is by Alvaro Herrera and Paul Förster, the rest is my fault. Back-patch to v10 where multi-host connection strings appeared. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/6E752D6B-487C-463E-B6E2-C32E7FB007EA@gmail.com
2021-02-25doc: Mention PGDATABASE as supported by pgbenchMichael Paquier
PGHOST, PGPORT and PGUSER were already mentioned, but not PGDATABASE. Like 5aaa584, backpatch down to 12. Reported-by: Christophe Courtois Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161399398648.21711.15387267201764682579@wrigleys.postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 12
2021-02-24Fix some typos, grammar and style in docs and commentsMichael Paquier
The portions fixing the documentation are backpatched where needed. Author: Justin Pryzby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210210235557.GQ20012@telsasoft.com backpatch-through: 9.6
2021-02-22Fix docs build for website stylesMagnus Hagander
Building the docs with STYLE=website referenced a stylesheet that long longer exists on the website, since we changed it to use versioned references. To make it less likely for this to happen again, point to a single stylesheet on the website which will in turn import the required one. That puts the process entirely within the scope of the website repository, so next time a version is switched that's the only place changes have to be made, making them less likely to be missed. Per (off-list) discussion with Peter Geoghegan and Jonathan Katz.
2021-02-17Fix typoMagnus Hagander
Author: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/0CF087FC-BEAD-4010-8BB9-3CDD74DC9060@yesql.se
2021-02-15Default to wal_sync_method=fdatasync on FreeBSD.Thomas Munro
FreeBSD 13 gained O_DSYNC, which would normally cause wal_sync_method to choose open_datasync as its default value. That may not be a good choice for all systems, and performs worse than fdatasync in some scenarios. Let's preserve the existing default behavior for now. Like commit 576477e73c4, which did the same for Linux, back-patch to all supported releases. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGLsAMXBQrCxCXoW-JsUYmdOL8ALYvaX%3DCrHqWxm-nWbGA%40mail.gmail.com
2021-02-13doc: Mention NO DEPENDS ON EXTENSION in its supported ALTER commandsMichael Paquier
This grammar flavor has been added by 5fc7039. Author: Ian Lawrence Barwick Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAB8KJ=ii6JScodxkA6-DO8bjatsMYU3OcewnL0mdN9geR+tTaw@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 13
2021-02-08Last-minute updates for release notes.Tom Lane
Security: CVE-2021-3393, CVE-2021-20229
2021-02-07Release notes for 13.2, 12.6, 11.11, 10.16, 9.6.21, 9.5.25.Tom Lane
2021-02-07Docs: fix pg_wal_lsn_diff manual.Tatsuo Ishii
The manual did not mention whether its return value is (first arg - second arg) or (second arg - first arg). The order matters because the return value could have a sign. Fix the manual so that it mentions the function returns (first arg - second arg). Patch reviewed by Tom Lane. Back-patch through v13. Older version's doc format is difficult to add more description. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/20210206.151125.960423226279810864.t-ishii%40sraoss.co.jp
2021-02-05First-draft release notes for 13.2.Tom Lane
As usual, the release notes for other branches will be made by cutting these down, but put them up for community review first.
2021-02-01Doc: work a little harder on the initial examples for regex matching.Tom Lane
Writing unnecessary '.*' at start and end of a POSIX regex doesn't do much except confuse the reader about whether that might be necessary after all. Make the examples in table 9.16 a tad more realistic, and try to turn the next group of examples into something self-contained. Per gripe from rmzgrimes. Back-patch to v13 because it's easy. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161215841824.14653.8969016349304314299@wrigleys.postgresql.org
2021-01-29Doc: improve cross-references for SET/SHOW.Tom Lane
The corresponding functions set_config and current_setting were mostly not hyperlinked. Clarify their descriptions a tad, too. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161183356250.4077.687338658090583892@wrigleys.postgresql.org
2021-01-29Document behavior of the .** jsonpath accessor in the lax modeAlexander Korotkov
When the .** jsonpath accessor handles the array, it selects both array and each of its elements. When using lax mode, subsequent accessors automatically unwrap arrays. So, the content of each array element may be selected twice. Even though this behavior is counterintuitive, it's correct because everything works as designed. This commit documents it. Backpatch to 12 where the jsonpath language was introduced. Reported-by: Thomas Kellerer Bug: #16828 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16828-2b0229babfad2d8c%40postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPpHfdtS-nNidT%3DEqZbAYOPcnNOWh_sd6skVdu2CAQUGdvpT8Q%40mail.gmail.com Author: Alexandex Korotkov, revised by Tom Lane Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera, Thomas Kellerer, Tom Lane Backpatch-through: 12
2021-01-28Remove bogus restriction from BEFORE UPDATE triggersAlvaro Herrera
In trying to protect the user from inconsistent behavior, commit 487e9861d0cf "Enable BEFORE row-level triggers for partitioned tables" tried to prevent BEFORE UPDATE FOR EACH ROW triggers from moving the row from one partition to another. However, it turns out that the restriction is wrong in two ways: first, it fails spuriously, preventing valid situations from working, as in bug #16794; and second, they don't protect from any misbehavior, because tuple routing would cope anyway. Fix by removing that restriction. We keep the same restriction on BEFORE INSERT FOR EACH ROW triggers, though. It is valid and useful there. In the future we could remove it by having tuple reroute work for inserts as it does for updates. Backpatch to 13. Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reported-by: Phillip Menke <pg@pmenke.de> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16794-350a655580fbb9ae@postgresql.org
2021-01-27Doc: improve documentation for UNNEST().Tom Lane
Per a user question, spell out that UNNEST() returns array elements in storage order; also provide an example to clarify the behavior for multi-dimensional arrays. While here, also clarify the SELECT reference page's description of WITH ORDINALITY. These details were already given in 7.2.1.4, but a reference page should not omit details. Back-patch to v13; there's not room in the table in older versions. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/FF1FB31F-0507-4F18-9559-2DE6E07E3B43@gmail.com
2021-01-27doc: Remove reference to views for TRUNCATE privilegeMichael Paquier
The page about privilege rights mentioned that TRUNCATE could be applied to views or even other relation types. This is confusing as this command can be used only on tables and on partitioned tables. Oversight in afc4a78. Reported-by: Harisai Hari Reviewed-by: Laurenz Albe Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161157636877.14625.15340884663716426087@wrigleys.postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 12
2021-01-25Doc: improve documentation of pg_proc.protrftypes.Tom Lane
Add a "references" link pointing to pg_type, as we have for other arrays of type OIDs. Wordsmith the explanation a bit. Joel Jacobson, additional editing by me Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/d1cc628c-3953-4209-957b-29427acc38c8@www.fastmail.com
2021-01-22Doc: improve directions for building on macOS.Tom Lane
In light of recent discussions, we should instruct people to install Apple's command line tools; installing Xcode is secondary. Also, fix sample command for finding out the default sysroot, as we now know that the command originally recommended can give a result that doesn't match your OS version. Also document the workaround to use if you really don't want configure to select a sysroot at all. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210119111625.20435-1-james.hilliard1@gmail.com
2021-01-22Doc: remove misleading claim in documentation of PQreset().Tom Lane
This text claimed that the reconnection would occur "to the same server", but there is no such guarantee in the code, nor would insisting on that be an improvement. Back-patch to v10 where multi-host connection strings were added. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1095901.1611268376@sss.pgh.pa.us
2021-01-18doc: adjust alignment of doc file list for "pg_waldump.sgml"Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 10
2021-01-14Prevent drop of tablespaces used by partitioned relationsAlvaro Herrera
When a tablespace is used in a partitioned relation (per commits ca4103025dfe in pg12 for tables and 33e6c34c3267 in pg11 for indexes), it is possible to drop the tablespace, potentially causing various problems. One such was reported in bug #16577, where a rewriting ALTER TABLE causes a server crash. Protect against this by using pg_shdepend to keep track of tablespaces when used for relations that don't keep physical files; we now abort a tablespace if we see that the tablespace is referenced from any partitioned relations. Backpatch this to 11, where this problem has been latent all along. We don't try to create pg_shdepend entries for existing partitioned indexes/tables, but any ones that are modified going forward will be protected. Note slight behavior change: when trying to drop a tablespace that contains both regular tables as well as partitioned ones, you'd previously get ERRCODE_OBJECT_NOT_IN_PREREQUISITE_STATE and now you'll get ERRCODE_DEPENDENT_OBJECTS_STILL_EXIST. Arguably, the latter is more correct. It is possible to add protecting pg_shdepend entries for existing tables/indexes, by doing ALTER TABLE ONLY some_partitioned_table SET TABLESPACE pg_default; ALTER TABLE ONLY some_partitioned_table SET TABLESPACE original_tablespace; for each partitioned table/index that is not in the database default tablespace. Because these partitioned objects do not have storage, no file needs to be actually moved, so it shouldn't take more time than what's required to acquire locks. This query can be used to search for such relations: SELECT ... FROM pg_class WHERE relkind IN ('p', 'I') AND reltablespace <> 0 Reported-by: Alexander Lakhin <exclusion@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16577-881633a9f9894fd5@postgresql.org Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>
2021-01-13Call out vacuum considerations in create index docsAlvaro Herrera
Backpatch to pg12, which is as far as it goes without conflicts. Author: James Coleman <jtc331@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: "David G. Johnston" <david.g.johnston@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAAaqYe9oEfbz7AxXq7OX+FFVi5w5p1e_Of8ON8ZnKO9QqBfmjg@mail.gmail.com
2021-01-13Disallow a digit as the first character of a variable name in pgbench.Tom Lane
The point of this restriction is to avoid trying to substitute variables into timestamp literal values, which may contain strings like '12:34'. There is a good deal more that should be done to reduce pgbench's tendency to substitute where it shouldn't. But this is sufficient to solve the case complained of by Jaime Soler, and it's simple enough to back-patch. Back-patch to v11; before commit 9d36a3866, pgbench had a slightly different definition of what a variable name is, and anyway it seems unwise to change long-stable branches for this. Fabien Coelho Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/alpine.DEB.2.22.394.2006291740420.805678@pseudo
2021-01-13Doc: clarify behavior of back-half options in pg_dump.Tom Lane
Options that change how the archive data is converted to SQL text are ignored when dumping to archive formats. The documentation previously said "not meaningful", which is not helpful. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161052021249.12228.9598689907884726185@wrigleys.postgresql.org
2021-01-13Remove incorrect markupMagnus Hagander
Seems 737d69ffc3c made a copy/paste or automation error resulting in two extra right-parenthesis. Reported-By: Michael Vastola Backpatch-through: 13 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161051035421.12224.1741822783166533529@wrigleys.postgresql.org
2021-01-12Doc: fix description of privileges needed for ALTER PUBLICATION.Tom Lane
Adding a table to a publication requires ownership of the table (in addition to ownership of the publication). This was mentioned nowhere.
2021-01-09doc: expand description of how non-SELECT queries are processedBruce Momjian
The previous description of how the executor processes non-SELECT queries was very dense, causing lack of clarity. This expanded text spells it out more simply. Reported-by: fotis.koutoupas@gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/160912275508.676.17469511338925622905@wrigleys.postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 9.5
2021-01-06doc: Fix description about default behavior of recovery_target_timeline.Fujii Masao
The default value of recovery_target_timeline was changed in v12, but the description about the default behavior of that was not updated. Back-patch to v12 where the default behavior of recovery_target_timeline was changed. Author: Benoit Lobréau Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPE8EZ7c3aruEmM24GYkj8y8WmHKD1m9TtPtgCF0nQ3zw4LCkQ@mail.gmail.com
2021-01-05doc: improve NLS instruction wordingBruce Momjian
Reported-by: "Tang, Haiying" Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/bbbccf7a3c2d436e85d45869d612fd6b@G08CNEXMBPEKD05.g08.fujitsu.local Author: "Tang, Haiying" Backpatch-through: 9.5
2021-01-02Update copyright for 2021Bruce Momjian
Backpatch-through: 9.5
2021-01-01Doc: improve explanation of EXTRACT(EPOCH) for timestamp without tz.Tom Lane
Try to be clearer about what computation is actually happening here. Per bug #16797 from Dana Burd. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16797-f264b0b980b53b8b@postgresql.org
2020-12-30Doc: spell out comparison behaviors for the date/time types.Tom Lane
The behavior of cross-type comparisons among date/time data types was not really explained anywhere. You could probably infer it if you recognized the applicability of comments elsewhere about datatype conversions, but it seems worthy of explicit documentation. Per bug #16797 from Dana Burd. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16797-f264b0b980b53b8b@postgresql.org
2020-12-30Fix up usage of krb_server_keyfile GUC parameter.Tom Lane
secure_open_gssapi() installed the krb_server_keyfile setting as KRB5_KTNAME unconditionally, so long as it's not empty. However, pg_GSS_recvauth() only installed it if KRB5_KTNAME wasn't set already, leading to a troubling inconsistency: in theory, clients could see different sets of server principal names depending on whether they use GSSAPI encryption. Always using krb_server_keyfile seems like the right thing, so make both places do that. Also fix up secure_open_gssapi()'s lack of a check for setenv() failure --- it's unlikely, surely, but security-critical actions are no place to be sloppy. Also improve the associated documentation. This patch does nothing about secure_open_gssapi()'s use of setenv(), and indeed causes pg_GSS_recvauth() to use it too. That's nominally against project portability rules, but since this code is only built with --with-gssapi, I do not feel a need to do something about this in the back branches. A fix will be forthcoming for HEAD though. Back-patch to v12 where GSSAPI encryption was introduced. The dubious behavior in pg_GSS_recvauth() goes back further, but it didn't have anything to be inconsistent with, so let it be. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2187460.1609263156@sss.pgh.pa.us
2020-12-29doc: Improve some grammar and sentencesMichael Paquier
90fbf7c has taken care of that for HEAD. This includes the portion of the fixes that applies to the documentation, where needed depending on the branch. Author: Justin Pryzby Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201227202604.GC26311@telsasoft.com Backpatch-through: 9.5
2020-12-28Fix assorted issues in backend's GSSAPI encryption support.Tom Lane
Unrecoverable errors detected by GSSAPI encryption can't just be reported with elog(ERROR) or elog(FATAL), because attempting to send the error report to the client is likely to lead to infinite recursion or loss of protocol sync. Instead make this code do what the SSL encryption code has long done, which is to just report any such failure to the server log (with elevel COMMERROR), then pretend we've lost the connection by returning errno = ECONNRESET. Along the way, fix confusion about whether message translation is done by pg_GSS_error() or its callers (the latter should do it), and make the backend version of that function work more like the frontend version. Avoid allocating the port->gss struct until it's needed; we surely don't need to allocate it in the postmaster. Improve logging of "connection authorized" messages with GSS enabled. (As part of this, I back-patched the code changes from dc11f31a1.) Make BackendStatusShmemSize() account for the GSS-related space that will be allocated by CreateSharedBackendStatus(). This omission could possibly cause out-of-shared-memory problems with very high max_connections settings. Remove arbitrary, pointless restriction that only GSS authentication can be used on a GSS-encrypted connection. Improve documentation; notably, document the fact that libpq now prefers GSS encryption over SSL encryption if both are possible. Per report from Mikael Gustavsson. Back-patch to v12 where this code was introduced. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/e5b0b6ed05764324a2f3fe7acfc766d5@smhi.se
2020-12-23docs: document which server-side languages can create procsBruce Momjian
This was missed when the feature was added. Reported-by: Daniel Westermann Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/160624532969.25818.4767632047905006142@wrigleys.postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 11
2020-12-21Remove "invalid concatenation of jsonb objects" error case.Tom Lane
The jsonb || jsonb operator arbitrarily rejected certain combinations of scalar and non-scalar inputs, while being willing to concatenate other combinations. This was of course quite undocumented. Rather than trying to document it, let's just remove the restriction, creating a uniform rule that unless we are handling an object-to-object concatenation, non-array inputs are converted to one-element arrays, resulting in an array-to-array concatenation. (This does not change the behavior for any case that didn't throw an error before.) Per complaint from Joel Jacobson. Back-patch to all supported branches. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/163099.1608312033@sss.pgh.pa.us
2020-12-20Doc: fix description of how to use src/tutorial files.Tom Lane
The separate "cd" command before invoking psql made sense (or at least I thought so) when it was added in commit ed1939332. But 4e3a61635 removed the supporting text that explained when to use it, making it just confusing. So drop it. Also switch from four-dot to three-dot filler for the unsupplied part of the path, since at least one person has read the four-dot filler as a typo for "../..". And fix these/those inconsistency. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/160837647714.673.5195186835607800484@wrigleys.postgresql.org
2020-12-20Doc: improve description of pgbench script weights.Tom Lane
Point out the workaround to be used if you want to write a script file name that includes "@". Clean up the text a little. Fabien Coelho, additional wordsmithing by me Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1c4e81550d214741827a03292222db8d@G08CNEXMBPEKD06.g08.fujitsu.local
2020-12-16doc: Fix explanation related to pg_shmem_allocationsMichael Paquier
Offsets are shown as NULL only for anonymous allocations. Author: Benoit Lobréau Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPE8EZ5Lnoyqoz7aZpvQM0E8sW+hw+k6G2NULe+m4arFRrA1aA@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 13
2020-12-15doc: clarify COPY TO for partitioning/inheritanceBruce Momjian
It was not clear how COPY TO behaved with partitioning/inheritance because the paragraphs were so far apart. Also reword to simplify. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201203211723.GR24052@telsasoft.com Author: Justin Pryzby Backpatch-through: 10
2020-12-08Doc: clarify that CREATE TABLE discards redundant unique constraints.Tom Lane
The SQL standard says that redundant unique constraints are disallowed, but we long ago decided that throwing an error would be too user-unfriendly, so we just drop redundant ones. The docs weren't very clear about that though, as this behavior was only explained for PRIMARY KEY vs UNIQUE, not UNIQUE vs UNIQUE. While here, I couldn't resist doing some copy-editing and markup-fixing on the adjacent text about INCLUDE options. Per bug #16767 from Matthias vd Meent. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16767-1714a2056ca516d0@postgresql.org
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