summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/doc/src
AgeCommit message (Collapse)Author
2025-10-14Doc: clarify n_distinct_inherited settingDavid Rowley
There was some confusion around how to adjust the n_distinct estimates for partitioned tables. Here we try and clarify that n_distinct_inherited needs to be adjusted rather than n_distinct. Also fix some slightly misleading text which was talking about table size rather than table rows, fix a grammatical error, and adjust some text which indicated that ANALYZE was performing calculations based on the n_distinct settings. Really it's the query planner that does this and ANALYZE only stores the overridden n_distinct estimate value in pg_statistic. Author: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: David G. Johnston <david.g.johnston@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Li <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Backpatch-through: 13 Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvrL7a-ZytM1SP8Uk9nEw9bR2CPzVb+uP+bcNj=_q-ZmVw@mail.gmail.com
2025-10-13docs: Fix protocol version 3.2 message format of CancelRequestMagnus Hagander
Since protocol version 3.2 the CancelRequest does not have a fixed size length anymore. The protocol docs still listed the length field to be a constant number though. This fixes that. Author: Jelte Fennema-Nio <postgres@jeltef.nl> Reported-by: Dmitry Igrishin <dmitigr@gmail.com> Backpatch-through: 18
2025-10-13Remove extra semicolon in exampleMagnus Hagander
Reported-By: Pavel Luzanov <p.luzanov@postgrespro.ru> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/175976566145.768.4645962241073007347@wrigleys.postgresql.org Backpatch-through: 18
2025-10-09Add "ALL SEQUENCES" support to publications.Amit Kapila
This patch adds support for the ALL SEQUENCES clause in publications, enabling synchronization/replication of all sequences that is useful for upgrades. Publications can now include all sequences via FOR ALL SEQUENCES. psql enhancements: \d shows publications for a given sequence. \dRp indicates if a publication includes all sequences. ALL SEQUENCES can be combined with ALL TABLES, but not with other options like TABLE or TABLES IN SCHEMA. We can extend support for more granular clauses in future. The view pg_publication_sequences provides information about the mapping between publications and sequences. This patch enables publishing of sequences; subscriber-side support will be added in upcoming patches. Author: vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com> Author: Tomas Vondra <tomas@vondra.me> Reviewed-by: shveta malik <shveta.malik@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Dilip Kumar <dilipbalaut@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Smith <smithpb2250@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Hayato Kuroda <kuroda.hayato@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Nisha Moond <nisha.moond412@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Shlok Kyal <shlok.kyal.oss@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA4eK1LC+KJiAkSrpE_NwvNdidw9F2os7GERUeSxSKv71gXysQ@mail.gmail.com
2025-10-08Add mem_exceeded_count column to pg_stat_replication_slots.Masahiko Sawada
This commit introduces a new column mem_exceeded_count to the pg_stat_replication_slots view. This counter tracks how often the memory used by logical decoding exceeds the logical_decoding_work_mem limit. The new statistic helps users determine whether exceeding the logical_decoding_work_mem limit is a rare occurrences or a frequent issue, information that wasn't available through existing statistics. Bumps catversion. Author: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: shveta malik <shveta.malik@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Li <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/978D21E8-9D3B-40EA-A4B1-F87BABE7868C@yesql.se
2025-10-08Implement Eager AggregationRichard Guo
Eager aggregation is a query optimization technique that partially pushes aggregation past a join, and finalizes it once all the relations are joined. Eager aggregation may reduce the number of input rows to the join and thus could result in a better overall plan. In the current planner architecture, the separation between the scan/join planning phase and the post-scan/join phase means that aggregation steps are not visible when constructing the join tree, limiting the planner's ability to exploit aggregation-aware optimizations. To implement eager aggregation, we collect information about aggregate functions in the targetlist and HAVING clause, along with grouping expressions from the GROUP BY clause, and store it in the PlannerInfo node. During the scan/join planning phase, this information is used to evaluate each base or join relation to determine whether eager aggregation can be applied. If applicable, we create a separate RelOptInfo, referred to as a grouped relation, to represent the partially-aggregated version of the relation and generate grouped paths for it. Grouped relation paths can be generated in two ways. The first method involves adding sorted and hashed partial aggregation paths on top of the non-grouped paths. To limit planning time, we only consider the cheapest or suitably-sorted non-grouped paths in this step. Alternatively, grouped paths can be generated by joining a grouped relation with a non-grouped relation. Joining two grouped relations is currently not supported. To further limit planning time, we currently adopt a strategy where partial aggregation is pushed only to the lowest feasible level in the join tree where it provides a significant reduction in row count. This strategy also helps ensure that all grouped paths for the same grouped relation produce the same set of rows, which is important to support a fundamental assumption of the planner. For the partial aggregation that is pushed down to a non-aggregated relation, we need to consider all expressions from this relation that are involved in upper join clauses and include them in the grouping keys, using compatible operators. This is essential to ensure that an aggregated row from the partial aggregation matches the other side of the join if and only if each row in the partial group does. This ensures that all rows within the same partial group share the same "destiny", which is crucial for maintaining correctness. One restriction is that we cannot push partial aggregation down to a relation that is in the nullable side of an outer join, because the NULL-extended rows produced by the outer join would not be available when we perform the partial aggregation, while with a non-eager-aggregation plan these rows are available for the top-level aggregation. Pushing partial aggregation in this case may result in the rows being grouped differently than expected, or produce incorrect values from the aggregate functions. If we have generated a grouped relation for the topmost join relation, we finalize its paths at the end. The final paths will compete in the usual way with paths built from regular planning. The patch was originally proposed by Antonin Houska in 2017. This commit reworks various important aspects and rewrites most of the current code. However, the original patch and reviews were very useful. Author: Richard Guo <guofenglinux@gmail.com> Author: Antonin Houska <ah@cybertec.at> (in an older version) Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Jian He <jian.universality@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tender Wang <tndrwang@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Matheus Alcantara <matheusssilv97@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas@vondra.me> (in an older version) Reviewed-by: Andy Fan <zhihuifan1213@163.com> (in an older version) Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com> (in an older version) Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAMbWs48jzLrPt1J_00ZcPZXWUQKawQOFE8ROc-ADiYqsqrpBNw@mail.gmail.com
2025-10-08Allow negative aggtransspace to indicate unbounded state sizeRichard Guo
This patch reuses the existing aggtransspace in pg_aggregate to signal that an aggregate's transition state can grow unboundedly. If aggtransspace is set to a negative value, it now indicates that the transition state may consume unpredictable or large amounts of memory, such as in aggregates like array_agg or string_agg that accumulate input rows. This information can be used by the planner to avoid applying memory-sensitive optimizations (e.g., eager aggregation) when there is a risk of excessive memory usage during partial aggregation. Bump catalog version. Per idea from Robert Haas, though applied differently than originally suggested. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmoYbkvYwLa+1vOP7RDY7kO2=A7rppoPusoRXe44VDOGBPg@mail.gmail.com
2025-10-08Add stats_reset to pg_stat_user_functionsMichael Paquier
It is possible to call pg_stat_reset_single_function_counters() for a single function, but the reset time was missing the system view showing its statistics. Like all the fields of pg_stat_user_functions, the GUC track_functions needs to be enabled to show the statistics about function executions. Bump catalog version. Bump PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID, as a result of the new field added to PgStat_StatFuncEntry. Author: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/aONjnsaJSx-nEdfU@paquier.xyz
2025-10-07doc: Add missing parenthesis in pg_stat_progress_analyze docsDaniel Gustafsson
Author: Shinya Kato <shinya11.kato@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOzEurRgpAh9dsbEM88FPOhNaV_PkdL6p_9MJatcrNf9wXw1nw@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 18
2025-10-06Revert "Improve docs syntax checking"Andrew Dunstan
This reverts commit b292256272623d1a7532f3893a4565d1944742b4. Further discussion is needed Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/0198ec0f-0269-4cf4-b4a7-22c05b3047cb@eisentraut.org
2025-10-06Add stats_reset to pg_stat_all_{tables,indexes} and related viewsMichael Paquier
It is possible to call pg_stat_reset_single_table_counters() on a relation (index or table) but the reset time was missing from the system views showing their statistics. This commit adds the reset time as an attribute of pg_stat_all_tables, pg_stat_all_indexes, and other relations related to them. Bump catalog version. Bump PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID, as a result of the new field added to PgStat_StatTabEntry. Author: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/aN8l182jKxEq1h9f@paquier.xyz
2025-10-03Add IGNORE NULLS/RESPECT NULLS option to Window functions.Tatsuo Ishii
Add IGNORE NULLS/RESPECT NULLS option (null treatment clause) to lead, lag, first_value, last_value and nth_value window functions. If unspecified, the default is RESPECT NULLS which includes NULL values in any result calculation. IGNORE NULLS ignores NULL values. Built-in window functions are modified to call new API WinCheckAndInitializeNullTreatment() to indicate whether they accept IGNORE NULLS/RESPECT NULLS option or not (the API can be called by user defined window functions as well). If WinGetFuncArgInPartition's allowNullTreatment argument is true and IGNORE NULLS option is given, WinGetFuncArgInPartition() or WinGetFuncArgInFrame() will return evaluated function's argument expression on specified non NULL row (if it exists) in the partition or the frame. When IGNORE NULLS option is given, window functions need to visit and evaluate same rows over and over again to look for non null rows. To mitigate the issue, 2-bit not null information array is created while executing window functions to remember whether the row has been already evaluated to NULL or NOT NULL. If already evaluated, we could skip the evaluation work, thus we could get better performance. Author: Oliver Ford <ojford@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Tatsuo Ishii <ishii@postgresql.org> Reviewed-by: Krasiyan Andreev <krasiyan@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Gierth <andrew@tao11.riddles.org.uk> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: David Fetter <david@fetter.org> Reviewed-by: Vik Fearing <vik@postgresfriends.org> Reviewed-by: "David G. Johnston" <david.g.johnston@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Li <lic@highgo.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/flat/CAGMVOdsbtRwE_4+v8zjH1d9xfovDeQAGLkP_B6k69_VoFEgX-A@mail.gmail.com
2025-10-02Improve docs syntax checkingAndrew Dunstan
Move the checks out of the Makefile into a perl script that can be called from both the Makefile and meson.build. The set of files checked is simplified, so it is just all the sgml and xsl files found in docs/src/sgml directory tree. Along the way make some adjustments to .cirrus.tasks.yml to support this better in CI. Also ensure that the checks are part of the Makefile's html target. Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com> Co-Author: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAN55FZ3BnM+0twT-ZWL8As9oBEte_b+SBU==cz6Hk8JUCM_5Wg@mail.gmail.com
2025-10-02doc: Improve wording for base64url definitionDaniel Gustafsson
This sentence should be "the alphabet uses" due to it referring to multiple cases of use. Reported-by: Erik Rijkers <er@xs4all.nl> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/81d6ab37-92dc-75c9-a649-4e1286a343ea@xs4all.nl
2025-09-29Add GROUP BY ALL.Tom Lane
GROUP BY ALL is a form of GROUP BY that adds any TargetExpr that does not contain an aggregate or window function into the groupClause of the query, making it exactly equivalent to specifying those same expressions in an explicit GROUP BY list. This feature is useful for certain kinds of data exploration. It's already present in some other DBMSes, and the SQL committee recently accepted it into the standard, so we can be reasonably confident in the syntax being stable. We do have to invent part of the semantics, as the standard doesn't allow for expressions in GROUP BY, so they haven't specified what to do with window functions. We assume that those should be treated like aggregates, i.e., left out of the constructed GROUP BY list. In passing, wordsmith some existing documentation about GROUP BY, and update some neglected synopsis entries in select_into.sgml. Author: David Christensen <david@pgguru.net> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHM0NXjz0kDwtzoe-fnHAqPB1qA8_VJN0XAmCgUZ+iPnvP5LbA@mail.gmail.com
2025-09-25Doc: clean up documentation for new UUID functions.Tom Lane
Fix assorted failures to conform to our normal style for function documentation, such as lack of parentheses and incorrect markup. Author: Marcos Pegoraro <marcos@f10.com.br> Co-authored-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAB-JLwbocrFjKfGHoKY43pHTf49Ca2O0j3WVebC8z-eQBMPJyw@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 18
2025-09-25Teach doc/src/sgml/Makefile about the new func/*.sgml files.Tom Lane
These were omitted from build dependencies and also tab/nbsp checks, with the result that "make" did nothing after modifying a func/*.sgml file. Oversight in 4e23c9ef6. AFAICT we don't need any comparable changes in meson.build, or at least I don't see it doing anything special for the pre-existing ref/*.sgml files.
2025-09-25pgbench: Fix typo in documentation.Fujii Masao
This commit fixes a typo introduced in commit b6290ea48e1. Reported off-list by Erik Rijkers <er@xs4all.nl>
2025-09-25pgbench: Clarify documentation for \gset and \aset.Fujii Masao
This commit updates the pgbench documentation to list \gset and \aset as separate terms for easier reading. It also clarifies that \gset raises an error if the query returns zero or multiple rows, and explains how to detect cases where the query with \aset returned no rows. Author: Yugo Nagata <nagata@sraoss.co.jp> Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20250626180125.5b896902a3d0bcd93f86c240@sraoss.co.jp
2025-09-24Update GB18030 encoding from version 2000 to 2022John Naylor
Mappings for 18 characters have changed, affecting 36 code points. This is a break in compatibility, but these characters are rarely used. U+E5E5 (Private Use Area) was previously mapped to \xA3A0. This code point now maps to \x65356535. Attempting to convert \xA3A0 will now raise an error. Separate from the 2022 update, the following mappings were previously swapped, and subsequently corrected in 2000 and later versions: * U+E7C7 (Private Use Area) now maps to \x8135F437 * U+1E3F (Latin Small Letter M with Acute) now maps to \xA8BC The 2022 standard mentions the following policy changes, but they have no effect in our implementation: 66 new ideographs are now required, but these are mapped algorithmically so were already handled by utf8_and_gb18030.c. Nine CJK compatibility ideographs are no longer required, but implementations may retain them, as does the source we use from the Unicode Consortium. Release notes: Compatibility section For further details, see: https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22274-disruptive-changes.pdf https://ken-lunde.medium.com/the-gb-18030-2022-standard-3d0ebaeb4132 Author: Chao Li <lic@highgo.com> Author: Zheng Tao <taoz@highgo.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/966d9fc.169.198741fe60b.Coremail.jiaoshuntian%40highgo.com
2025-09-22doc: Remove trailing whitespace in xrefDaniel Gustafsson
Remove stray whitespace in xref tag. This was found due to a regression in xmllint 2.15.0 which flagged this as an error, and at the time of this commit no fix for xmllint has shipped. Author: Erik Wienhold <ewie@ewie.name> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/f4c4661b-4e60-4c10-9336-768b7b55c084@ewie.name Backpatch-through: 17
2025-09-20Add support for base64url encoding and decodingDaniel Gustafsson
This adds support for base64url encoding and decoding, a base64 variant which is safe to use in filenames and URLs. base64url replaces '+' in the base64 alphabet with '-' and '/' with '_', thus making it safe for URL addresses and file systems. Support for base64url was originally suggested by Przemysław Sztoch. Author: Florents Tselai <florents.tselai@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev <aleksander@timescale.com> Reviewed-by: David E. Wheeler <david@justatheory.com> Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Reviewed-by: Chao Li (Evan) <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/70f2b6a8-486a-4fdb-a951-84cef35e22ab@sztoch.pl
2025-09-19Add optional pid parameter to pg_replication_origin_session_setup().Amit Kapila
Commit 216a784829c introduced parallel apply workers, allowing multiple processes to share a replication origin. To support this, replorigin_session_setup() was extended to accept a pid argument identifying the process using the origin. This commit exposes that capability through the SQL interface function pg_replication_origin_session_setup() by adding an optional pid parameter. This enables multiple processes to coordinate replication using the same origin when using SQL-level replication functions. This change allows the non-builtin logical replication solutions to implement parallel apply for large transactions. Additionally, an existing internal error was made user-facing, as it can now be triggered via the exposed SQL API. Author: Doruk Yilmaz <doruk@mixrank.com> Author: Hayato Kuroda <kuroda.hayato@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Euler Taveira <euler@eulerto.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAMPB6wfe4zLjJL8jiZV5kjjpwBM2=rTRme0UCL7Ra4L8MTVdOg@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAE2gYzyTSNvHY1+iWUwykaLETSuAZsCWyryokjP6rG46ZvRgQA@mail.gmail.com
2025-09-16Revert "Avoid race condition between "GRANT role" and "DROP ROLE"".Tom Lane
This reverts commit 98fc31d6499163a0a781aa6f13582a07f09cd7c6. That change allowed DROP OWNED BY to drop grants of the target role to other roles, arguing that nobody would need those privileges anymore. But that's not so: if you're not superuser, you still need admin privilege on the target role so you can drop it. It's not clear whether or how the dependency-based approach to solving the original problem can be adapted to keep these grants. Since v18 release is fast approaching, the sanest thing to do seems to be to revert this patch for now. The race-condition problem is low severity and not worth taking risks for. I didn't force a catversion bump in 98fc31d64, so I won't do so here either. Reported-by: Dipesh Dhameliya <dipeshdhameliya125@gmail.com> Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CABgZEgczOFicCJoqtrH9gbYMe_BV3Hq8zzCBRcMgmU6LRsihUA@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 18
2025-09-16Provide more-specific error details/hints for function lookup failures.Tom Lane
Up to now we've contented ourselves with a one-size-fits-all error hint when we fail to find any match to a function or procedure call. That was mostly okay in the beginning, but it was never great, and since the introduction of named arguments it's really not adequate. We at least ought to distinguish "function name doesn't exist" from "function name exists, but not with those argument names". And the rules for named-argument matching are arcane enough that some more detail seems warranted if we match the argument names but the call still doesn't work. This patch creates a framework for dealing with these problems: FuncnameGetCandidates and related code will now pass back a bitmask of flags showing how far the match succeeded. This allows a considerable amount of granularity in the reports. The set-bits-in-a-bitmask approach means that when there are multiple candidate functions, the report will reflect the match(es) that got the furthest, which seems correct. Also, we can avoid mentioning "maybe add casts" unless failure to match argument types is actually the issue. Extend the same return-a-bitmask approach to OpernameGetCandidates. The issues around argument names don't apply to operator syntax, but it still seems worth distinguishing between "there is no operator of that name" and "we couldn't match the argument types". While at it, adjust these messages and related ones to more strictly separate "detail" from "hint", following our message style guidelines' distinction between those. Reported-by: Dominique Devienne <ddevienne@gmail.com> Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1756041.1754616558@sss.pgh.pa.us
2025-09-15Improve ExplainState type handling in header filesPeter Eisentraut
Now that we can have repeat typedefs with C11, we don't need to use "struct ExplainState" anymore but can instead make a typedef where necessary. This doesn't change anything but makes it look nicer. (There are more opportunities for similar changes, but this is broken out because there was a separate discussion about it, and it's somewhat bulky on its own.) Reviewed-by: Chao Li <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/f36c0a45-98cd-40b2-a7cc-f2bf02b12890%40eisentraut.org#a12fb1a2c1089d6d03010f6268871b00 Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/10d32190-f31b-40a5-b177-11db55597355@eisentraut.org
2025-09-15Resume conflict-relevant data retention automatically.Amit Kapila
This commit resumes automatic retention of conflict-relevant data for a subscription. Previously, retention would stop if the apply process failed to advance its xmin (oldest_nonremovable_xid) within the configured max_retention_duration and user needs to manually re-enable retain_dead_tuples option. With this change, retention will resume automatically once the apply worker catches up and begins advancing its xmin (oldest_nonremovable_xid) within the configured threshold. Author: Zhijie Hou <houzj.fnst@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: shveta malik <shveta.malik@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Dilip Kumar <dilipbalaut@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/OS0PR01MB5716BE80DAEB0EE2A6A5D1F5949D2@OS0PR01MB5716.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2025-09-15Hide duplicate names from extension viewsPeter Eisentraut
If extensions of equal names were installed in different directories in the path, the views pg_available_extensions and pg_available_extension_versions would show all of them, even though only the first one was actually reachable by CREATE EXTENSION. To fix, have those views skip extensions found later in the path if they have names already found earlier. Also add a bit of documentation that only the first extension in the path can be used. Reported-by: Pierrick <pierrick.chovelon@dalibo.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/8f5a0517-1cb8-4085-ae89-77e7454e27ba%40dalibo.com
2025-09-12Default to log_lock_waits=onPeter Eisentraut
If someone is stuck behind a lock for more than a second, that is almost always a problem that is worth a log entry. Author: Laurenz Albe <laurenz.albe@cybertec.at> Reviewed-By: Michael Banck <mbanck@gmx.net> Reviewed-By: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Christoph Berg <myon@debian.org> Reviewed-By: Stephen Frost <sfrost@snowman.net> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b8b8502915e50f44deb111bc0b43a99e2733e117.camel%40cybertec.at
2025-09-12Remove traces of support for Sun Studio compilerPeter Eisentraut
Per discussion, this compiler suite is no longer maintained, and it has not been able to compile PostgreSQL since at least PostgreSQL 17. This removes all the remaining support code for this compiler. Note that the Solaris operating system continues to be supported, but using GCC as the compiler. Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/a0f817ee-fb86-483a-8a14-b6f7f5991b6e%40eisentraut.org
2025-09-11doc: Fix indentation in func-datetime.sgml.Dean Rasheed
Incorrect indentation introduced by commit faf071b5538.
2025-09-11doc: Improve description of new random(min, max) functions.Dean Rasheed
Mention that the new variants of random(min, max) are affected by setseed(), like the original functions. Reported-by: Marcos Pegoraro <marcos@f10.com.br> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAB-JLwb1=drA3Le6uZXDBi_tCpeS1qm6XQU7dKwac_x91Z4qDg@mail.gmail.com
2025-09-09Fix documentation for shmem_startup_hook.Nathan Bossart
This section claims that each backend executes the shmem_startup_hook shortly after attaching to shared memory, which is true for EXEC_BACKEND builds, but not for others. This commit adds this important detail. Oversight in commit 964152c476. Reported-by: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA5RZ0vEGT1eigGbVt604LkXP6mUPMwPMxQoRCbFny44w%2B9EUQ%40mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 17
2025-09-09Add date and timestamp variants of random(min, max).Dean Rasheed
This adds 3 new variants of the random() function: random(min date, max date) returns date random(min timestamp, max timestamp) returns timestamp random(min timestamptz, max timestamptz) returns timestamptz Each returns a random value x in the range min <= x <= max. Author: Damien Clochard <damien@dalibo.info> Reviewed-by: Greg Sabino Mullane <htamfids@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Dean Rasheed <dean.a.rasheed@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Vik Fearing <vik@postgresfriends.org> Reviewed-by: Chao Li <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/f524d8cab5914613d9e624d9ce177d3d@dalibo.info
2025-09-06Allow to log raw parse tree.Tatsuo Ishii
This commit allows to log the raw parse tree in the same way we currently log the parse tree, rewritten tree, and plan tree. To avoid unnecessary log noise for users not interested in this detail, a new GUC option, "debug_print_raw_parse", has been added. When starting the PostgreSQL process with "-d N", and N is 3 or higher, debug_print_raw_parse is enabled automatically, alongside debug_print_parse. Author: Chao Li <lic@highgo.com> Reviewed-by: Tender Wang <tndrwang@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tatsuo Ishii <ishii@postgresql.org> Reviewed-by: John Naylor <johncnaylorls@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEoWx2mcO0Gpo4vd8kPMAFWeJLSp0MeUUnaLdE1x0tSVd-VzUw%40mail.gmail.com
2025-09-03Move dynamically-allocated LWLock tranche names to shared memory.Nathan Bossart
There are two ways for shared libraries to allocate their own LWLock tranches. One way is to call RequestNamedLWLockTranche() in a shmem_request_hook, which requires the library to be loaded via shared_preload_libraries. The other way is to call LWLockNewTrancheId(), which is not subject to the same restrictions. However, LWLockNewTrancheId() does require each backend to store the tranche's name in backend-local memory via LWLockRegisterTranche(). This API is a little cumbersome and leads to things like unhelpful pg_stat_activity.wait_event values in backends that haven't loaded the library. This commit moves these LWLock tranche names to shared memory, thus eliminating the need for each backend to call LWLockRegisterTranche(). Instead, the tranche name must be provided to LWLockNewTrancheId(), which immediately makes the name available to all backends. Since the tranche name array is append-only, lookups can ordinarily avoid locking as long as their local copy of the LWLock counter is greater than the requested tranche ID. One downside of this approach is that we now have a hard limit on both the length of tranche names (NAMEDATALEN-1 bytes) and the number of dynamically-allocated tranches (256). Besides a limit of NAMEDATALEN-1 bytes for tranche names registered via RequestNamedLWLockTranche(), no such limits previously existed. We could avoid these new limits by using dynamic shared memory, but the complexity involved didn't seem worth it. We briefly considered making the tranche limit user-configurable but ultimately decided against that, too. Since there is still a lot of time left in the v19 development cycle, it's possible we will revisit this choice. Author: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Bertrand Drouvot <bertranddrouvot.pg@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Reviewed-by: Rahila Syed <rahilasyed90@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAA5RZ0vvED3naph8My8Szv6DL4AxOVK3eTPS0qXsaKi%3DbVdW2A%40mail.gmail.com
2025-09-02Add max_retention_duration option to subscriptions.Amit Kapila
This commit introduces a new subscription parameter, max_retention_duration, aimed at mitigating excessive accumulation of dead tuples when retain_dead_tuples is enabled and the apply worker lags behind the publisher. When the time spent advancing a non-removable transaction ID exceeds the max_retention_duration threshold, the apply worker will stop retaining conflict detection information. In such cases, the conflict slot's xmin will be set to InvalidTransactionId, provided that all apply workers associated with the subscription (with retain_dead_tuples enabled) confirm the retention duration has been exceeded. To ensure retention status persists across server restarts, a new column subretentionactive has been added to the pg_subscription catalog. This prevents unnecessary reactivation of retention logic after a restart. The conflict detection slot will not be automatically re-initialized unless a new subscription is created with retain_dead_tuples = true, or the user manually re-enables retain_dead_tuples. A future patch will introduce support for automatic slot re-initialization once at least one apply worker confirms that the retention duration is within the configured max_retention_duration. Author: Zhijie Hou <houzj.fnst@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: shveta malik <shveta.malik@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Nisha Moond <nisha.moond412@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Dilip Kumar <dilipbalaut@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/OS0PR01MB5716BE80DAEB0EE2A6A5D1F5949D2@OS0PR01MB5716.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2025-08-28Glossary: improve definition of "relation"Álvaro Herrera
Define the more general term first, then the Postgres-specific meaning. Wording from Tom Lane. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACJufxEZ48toGH0Em_6vdsT57Y3L8pLF=DZCQ_gCii6=C3MeXw@mail.gmail.com
2025-08-26Document privileges required for vacuumdb --missing-stats-only.Nathan Bossart
When vacuumdb's --missing-stats-only option is used, the catalog query for retrieving the list of relations to process must read pg_statistic and pg_statistic_ext_data. However, those catalogs can only be read by superusers by default, so --missing-stats-only is effectively superuser-only. This is unfortunate, but since the option is primarily intended for use by administrators after running pg_upgrade, let's just live with it for v18. This commit adds a note about the aforementioned privilege requirements to the documentation for --missing-stats-only. We first tried to improve matters by modifying the query to read the pg_stats and pg_stats_ext system views instead. While that is indeed more lenient from a privilege standpoint, it is also borderline incomprehensible. pg_stats shows rows for which the user has the SELECT privilege on the corresponding column, and pg_stats_ext shows rows for tables the user owns. Meanwhile, ANALYZE requires either MAINTAIN on the table or, for non-shared relations, ownership of the database. But even if the privilege discrepancies were tolerable, the performance impact was not. Ultimately, the modified query was substantially more expensive, so we abandoned the idea. For v19, perhaps we could introduce a simple, inexpensive way to discover which relations are missing statistics, such as a system function or view with similar privilege requirements to ANALYZE. Unfortunately, it is far too late for anything like that in v18. Reviewed-by: Yugo Nagata <nagata@sraoss.co.jp> Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHGQGwHh43suEfss1wvBsk7vqiou%3DUY0zcy8HGyE5hBp%2BHZ7SQ%40mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 18
2025-08-26Further clarify documentation for the initcap functionAlexander Korotkov
This is a follow-up for commit c2c2c7e225. It further clarifies the following in the initcap function documentation: * Document that title case is used for digraphs in specific locales, * Reference particular ICU function used, * Add note about the purpose of the function. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/804cc10ef95d4d3b298e76b181fd9437%40postgrespro.ru Author: Oleg Tselebrovskiy <o.tselebrovskiy@postgrespro.ru> Co-authored-by: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Jeff Davis <pgsql@j-davis.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>
2025-08-26Raise C requirement to C11Peter Eisentraut
This changes configure and meson.build to require at least C11, instead of the previous C99. The installation documentation is updated accordingly. configure.ac previously used AC_PROG_CC_C99 to activate C99. But there is no AC_PROG_CC_C11 in Autoconf 2.69, because it's too old. (Also, post-2.69, the AC_PROG_CC_Cnn macros were deprecated and AC_PROG_CC activates the last supported C mode.) We could update the required Autoconf version, but that might be a separate project that no one wants to undertake at the moment. Instead, we open-code the test for C11 using some inspiration from later Autoconf versions. But instead of writing an elaborate test program, we keep it simple and just check __STDC_VERSION__, which should be good enough in practice. In meson.build, we update the existing C99 test to C11, but again we just check for __STDC_VERSION__. This also removes the separate option for the conforming preprocessor on MSVC, added by commit 8fd9bb1d965, since that is activated automatically in C11 mode. Note, we don't use the "official" way to set the C standard in Meson using the c_std project option, because that is impossible to use correctly (see <https://github.com/mesonbuild/meson/issues/14717>). Reviewed-by: David Rowley <dgrowleyml@gmail.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/01a69441-af54-4822-891b-ca28e05b215a@eisentraut.org
2025-08-25Message wording improvementsPeter Eisentraut
Use "row" instead of "tuple" for user-facing information for logical replication conflicts.
2025-08-22libpq: Be strict about cancel key lengthsHeikki Linnakangas
The protocol documentation states that the maximum length of a cancel key is 256 bytes. This starts checking for that limit in libpq. Otherwise third party backend implementations will probably start using more bytes anyway. We also start requiring that a protocol 3.0 connection does not send a longer cancel key, to make sure that servers don't start breaking old 3.0-only clients by accident. Finally this also restricts the minimum key length to 4 bytes (both in the protocol spec and in the libpq implementation). Author: Jelte Fennema-Nio <postgres@jeltef.nl> Reviewed-by: Jacob Champion <jchampion@postgresql.org> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/df892f9f-5923-4046-9d6f-8c48d8980b50@iki.fi Backpatch-through: 18
2025-08-22Doc: Fix typo in logicaldecoding.sgml.Amit Kapila
Author: Hayato Kuroda <kuroda.hayato@fujitsu.com> Backpatch-through: 17, where it was introduced Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/OSCPR01MB149662EC5467B4135398E3731F532A@OSCPR01MB14966.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com
2025-08-22Ignore temporary relations in RelidByRelfilenumber()Michael Paquier
Temporary relations may share the same RelFileNumber with a permanent relation, or other temporary relations associated with other sessions. Being able to uniquely identify a temporary relation would require RelidByRelfilenumber() to know about the proc number of the temporary relation it wants to identify, something it is not designed for since its introduction in f01d1ae3a104. There are currently three callers of RelidByRelfilenumber(): - autoprewarm. - Logical decoding, reorder buffer. - pg_filenode_relation(), that attempts to find a relation OID based on a tablespace OID and a RelFileNumber. This makes the situation problematic particularly for the first two cases, leading to the possibility of random ERRORs due to inconsistencies that temporary relations can create in the cache maintained by RelidByRelfilenumber(). The third case should be less of an issue, as I suspect that there are few direct callers of pg_filenode_relation(). The window where the ERRORs are happen is very narrow, requiring an OID wraparound to create a lookup conflict in RelidByRelfilenumber() with a temporary table reusing the same OID as another relation already cached. The problem is easier to reach in workloads with a high OID consumption rate, especially with a higher number of temporary relations created. We could get pg_filenode_relation() and RelidByRelfilenumber() to work with temporary relations if provided the means to identify them with an optional proc number given in input, but the years have also shown that we do not have a use case for it, yet. Note that this could not be backpatched if pg_filenode_relation() needs changes. It is simpler to ignore temporary relations. Reported-by: Shenhao Wang <wangsh.fnst@fujitsu.com> Author: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat.oss@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Takamichi Osumi <osumi.takamichi@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-By: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Reviewed-By: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Reported-By: Shenhao Wang <wangsh.fnst@fujitsu.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/bbaaf9f9-ebb2-645f-54bb-34d6efc7ac42@fujitsu.com Backpatch-through: 13
2025-08-21PL/Python: Add event trigger supportPeter Eisentraut
Allow event triggers to be written in PL/Python. It provides a TD dictionary with some information about the event trigger. Author: Euler Taveira <euler@eulerto.com> Co-authored-by: Dimitri Fontaine <dimitri@2ndQuadrant.fr> Reviewed-by: Pavel Stehule <pavel.stehule@gmail.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/03f03515-2068-4f5b-b357-8fb540883c38%40app.fastmail.com
2025-08-21doc: Improve description of wal_compressionMichael Paquier
The description of this GUC provides a list of the situations where full-page writes are generated. However, it is not completely exact, mentioning only the cases where full_page_writes=on or base backups. It is possible to generate full-page writes in more situations than these two, making the description confusing as it implies that no other cases exist. The description is slightly reworded to take into account that other cases are possible, without mentioning them directly to minimize the maintenance burden should FPWs be generated in more contexts in the future. Author: Jingtang Zhang <mrdrivingduck@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andrey Borodin <x4mmm@yandex-team.ru> Reviewed-by: Xuneng Zhou <xunengzhou@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPsk3_CtAYa_fy4p6=x7qtoutrdKvg1kGk46D5fsE=sMt2546g@mail.gmail.com Backpatch-through: 13
2025-08-20vacuumdb: Make vacuumdb --analyze-only process partitioned tables.Fujii Masao
vacuumdb should follow the behavior of the underlying VACUUM and ANALYZE commands. When --analyze-only is used, it ought to analyze regular tables, materialized views, and partitioned tables, just as ANALYZE (with no explicit target tables) does. Otherwise, it should only process regular tables and materialized views, since VACUUM skips partitioned tables when no targets are given. Previously, vacuumdb --analyze-only skipped partitioned tables. This was inconsistent, and also inconvenient after pg_upgrade, where --analyze-only is typically used to gather missing statistics. This commit fixes the behavior so that vacuumdb --analyze-only also processes partitioned tables. As a result, both vacuumdb --analyze-only and ANALYZE (with no explicit targets) now analyze regular tables, partitioned tables, and materialized views, but not foreign tables. Because this is a nontrivial behavior change, it is applied only to master. Reported-by: Zechman, Derek S <Derek.S.Zechman@snapon.com> Author: Laurenz Albe <laurenz.albe@cybertec.at> Co-authored-by: Mircea Cadariu <cadariu.mircea@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CO1PR04MB8281387B9AD9DE30976966BBC045A%40CO1PR04MB8281.namprd04.prod.outlook.com
2025-08-19doc: Improve pgoutput documentation.Fujii Masao
This commit updates the pgoutput documentation with the following changes: - Specify the data type for each pgoutput option. - Clarify the relationship between proto_version and options such as streaming and two_phase. - Add a note on the use of pg_logical_slot_peek_changes and pg_logical_slot_get_changes with pgoutput. Author: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Li <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Hayato Kuroda <kuroda.hayato@fujitsu.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHGQGwFJTbygdhhjR_iP4Oem=Lo1xsptWWOq825uoW+hG_Lfnw@mail.gmail.com
2025-08-19doc: Improve documentation discoverability for pgoutput.Fujii Masao
Previously, the documentation for pgoutput was located in the section on the logical streaming replication protocol, and there was no index entry for it. As a result, users had difficulty finding information about pgoutput. This commit moves the pgoutput documentation under the logical decoding section and adds an index entry, making it easier for users to locate and access this information. Author: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Li <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Hayato Kuroda <kuroda.hayato@fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Euler Taveira <euler@eulerto.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHGQGwFJTbygdhhjR_iP4Oem=Lo1xsptWWOq825uoW+hG_Lfnw@mail.gmail.com