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2017-02-13Remove contrib/tsearch2.Robert Haas
This module was intended to ease migrations of applications that used the pre-8.3 version of text search to the in-core version introduced in that release. However, since all pre-8.3 releases of the database have been out of support for more than 5 years at this point, we expect that few people are depending on it at this point. If some people still need it, nothing prevents it from being maintained as a separate extension, outside of core. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+Tgmob5R8aDHiFRTQsSJbT1oreKg2FOSBrC=2f4tqEH3dOMAg@mail.gmail.com
2017-02-12doc: Remove accidental extra table cellPeter Eisentraut
2017-02-10Add CREATE SEQUENCE AS <data type> clausePeter Eisentraut
This stores a data type, required to be an integer type, with the sequence. The sequences min and max values default to the range supported by the type, and they cannot be set to values exceeding that range. The internal implementation of the sequence is not affected. Change the serial types to create sequences of the appropriate type. This makes sure that the min and max values of the sequence for a serial column match the range of values supported by the table column. So the sequence can no longer overflow the table column. This also makes monitoring for sequence exhaustion/wraparound easier, which currently requires various contortions to cross-reference the sequences with the table columns they are used with. This commit also effectively reverts the pg_sequence column reordering in f3b421da5f4addc95812b9db05a24972b8fd9739, because the new seqtypid column allows us to fill the hole in the struct and create a more natural overall column ordering. Reviewed-by: Steve Singer <steve@ssinger.info> Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
2017-02-10Update ddl.sgml for declarative partitioning syntaxSimon Riggs
Add a section titled "Partitioned Tables" to describe what are partitioned tables, partition, their similarities with inheritance. The existing section on inheritance is retained for clarity. Then add examples to the partitioning chapter that show syntax for partitioned tables. In fact they implement the same partitioning scheme that is currently shown using inheritance. Amit Langote, with additional details and explanatory text by me
2017-02-10Add keywords for partitioningSimon Riggs
Amit Langote
2017-02-10Improve CREATE TABLE documentation of partitioningSimon Riggs
Amit Langote, with corrections by me
2017-02-09Rename command line options for ongoing xlog -> wal conversion.Robert Haas
initdb and pg_basebackup now have a --waldir option rather --xlogdir, and pg_basebackup now has --wal-method rather than --xlog-method.
2017-02-09Rename dtrace probes for ongoing xlog -> wal conversion.Robert Haas
xlog-switch becomes wal-switch, and xlog-insert becomes wal-insert.
2017-02-09Rename user-facing tools with "xlog" in the name to say "wal".Robert Haas
This means pg_receivexlog because pg_receivewal, pg_resetxlog becomes pg_resetwal, and pg_xlogdump becomes pg_waldump.
2017-02-09Remove all references to "xlog" from SQL-callable functions in pg_proc.Robert Haas
Commit f82ec32ac30ae7e3ec7c84067192535b2ff8ec0e renamed the pg_xlog directory to pg_wal. To make things consistent, and because "xlog" is terrible terminology for either "transaction log" or "write-ahead log" rename all SQL-callable functions that contain "xlog" in the name to instead contain "wal". (Note that this may pose an upgrade hazard for some users.) Similarly, rename the xlog_position argument of the functions that create slots to be called wal_position. Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CA+Tgmob=YmA=H3DbW1YuOXnFVgBheRmyDkWcD9M8f=5bGWYEoQ@mail.gmail.com
2017-02-09Allow index AMs to cache data across aminsert calls within a SQL command.Tom Lane
It's always been possible for index AMs to cache data across successive amgettuple calls within a single SQL command: the IndexScanDesc.opaque field is meant for precisely that. However, no comparable facility exists for amortizing setup work across successive aminsert calls. This patch adds such a feature and teaches GIN, GIST, and BRIN to use it to amortize catalog lookups they'd previously been doing on every call. (The other standard index AMs keep everything they need in the relcache, so there's little to improve there.) For GIN, the overall improvement in a statement that inserts many rows can be as much as 10%, though it seems a bit less for the other two. In addition, this makes a really significant difference in runtime for CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS tests, since in those builds the repeated catalog lookups are vastly more expensive. The reason this has been hard up to now is that the aminsert function is not passed any useful place to cache per-statement data. What I chose to do is to add suitable fields to struct IndexInfo and pass that to aminsert. That's not widening the index AM API very much because IndexInfo is already within the ken of ambuild; in fact, by passing the same info to aminsert as to ambuild, this is really removing an inconsistency in the AM API. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/27568.1486508680@sss.pgh.pa.us
2017-02-08Add WAL consistency checking facility.Robert Haas
When the new GUC wal_consistency_checking is set to a non-empty value, it triggers recording of additional full-page images, which are compared on the standby against the results of applying the WAL record (without regard to those full-page images). Allowable differences such as hints are masked out, and the resulting pages are compared; any difference results in a FATAL error on the standby. Kuntal Ghosh, based on earlier patches by Michael Paquier and Heikki Linnakangas. Extensively reviewed and revised by Michael Paquier and by me, with additional reviews and comments from Amit Kapila, Álvaro Herrera, Simon Riggs, and Peter Eisentraut.
2017-02-07doc: Some improvements in CREATE SUBSCRIPTION ref pagePeter Eisentraut
Add link to description of libpq connection strings. Add link to explanation of replication access control. This currently points to the description of streaming replication access control, which is currently the same as for logical replication, but that might be refined later. Also remove plain-text passwords from the examples, to not encourage that dubious practice. based on suggestions from Simon Riggs
2017-02-07Cache hash index's metapage in rel->rd_amcache.Robert Haas
This avoids a very significant amount of buffer manager traffic and contention when scanning hash indexes, because it's no longer necessary to lock and pin the metapage for every scan. We do need some way of figuring out when the cache is too stale to use any more, so that when we lock the primary bucket page to which the cached metapage points us, we can tell whether a split has occurred since we cached the metapage data. To do that, we use the hash_prevblkno field in the primary bucket page, which would otherwise always be set to InvalidBuffer. This patch contains code so that it will continue working (although less efficiently) with hash indexes built before this change, but perhaps we should consider bumping the hash version and ripping out the compatibility code. That decision can be made later, though. Mithun Cy, reviewed by Jesper Pedersen, Amit Kapila, and by me. Before committing, I made a number of cosmetic changes to the last posted version of the patch, adjusted _hash_getcachedmetap to be more careful about order of operation, and made some necessary updates to the pageinspect documentation and regression tests.
2017-02-07Correct thinko in last-minute release note item.Tom Lane
The CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY bug can only be triggered by row updates, not inserts, since the problem would arise from an update incorrectly being made HOT. Noted by Alvaro.
2017-02-06Release notes for 9.6.2, 9.5.6, 9.4.11, 9.3.16, 9.2.20.Tom Lane
2017-02-06doc: Document sequence function privileges betterPeter Eisentraut
Document the privileges required for each of the sequence functions. This was already in the GRANT reference page, but also add it to the function description for easier reference.
2017-02-06Avoid permission failure in pg_sequences.last_valuePeter Eisentraut
Before, reading pg_sequences.last_value would fail unless the user had appropriate sequence permissions, which would make the pg_sequences view cumbersome to use. Instead, return null instead of the real value when there are no permissions. From: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com> Reported-by: Shinoda, Noriyoshi <noriyoshi.shinoda@hpe.com>
2017-02-06Release note updates.Tom Lane
Add item for last-minute CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY fix. Repair a couple of misspellings of patch authors' names. Back-branch updates will follow shortly, but I thought I'd commit this separately just to make it more visible.
2017-02-06doc: Update CREATE DATABASE examplesPeter Eisentraut
The example of using CREATE DATABASE with the ENCODING option did not work anymore (except in special circumstances) and did not represent a good general-purpose example, so write some new examples. Reported-by: marc+pgsql@milestonerdl.com
2017-02-04First-draft release notes for 9.6.2.Tom Lane
As usual, the release notes for other branches will be made by cutting these down, but put them up for community review first.
2017-02-03pgstattuple: Add pgstathashindex.Robert Haas
Since pgstattuple v1.5 hasn't been released yet, no need for a new extension version. The new function exposes statistics about hash indexes similar to what other pgstatindex functions return for other index types. Ashutosh Sharma, reviewed by Kuntal Ghosh. Substantial further revisions by me.
2017-02-02Clean up psql's behavior for a few more control variables.Tom Lane
Modify FETCH_COUNT to always have a defined value, like other control variables, mainly so it will always appear in "\set" output. Add hooks to force HISTSIZE to be defined and require it to have an integer value. (I don't see any point in allowing it to be set to non-integral values.) Add hooks to force IGNOREEOF to be defined and require it to have an integer value. Unlike the other cases, here we're trying to be bug-compatible with a rather bogus externally-defined behavior, so I think we need to continue to allow "\set IGNOREEOF whatever". Fix it so that the substitution hook silently replace non-numeric values with "10", so that the stored value always reflects what we're really doing. Add a dummy assign hook for HISTFILE, just so it's always in variables.c's list. We can't require it to be defined always, because that would break the interaction with the PSQL_HISTORY environment variable, so there isn't any change in visible behavior here. Remove tab-complete.c's private list of known variable names, since that's really a maintenance nuisance. Given the preceding changes, there are no control variables it won't show anyway. This does mean that if for some reason you've unset one of the status variables (DBNAME, HOST, etc), that variable would not appear in tab completion for \set. But I think that's fine, for at least two reasons: we shouldn't be encouraging people to use those variables as regular variables, and if someone does do so anyway, why shouldn't it act just like a regular variable? Remove ugly and no-longer-used-anywhere GetVariableNum(). In general, future additions of integer-valued control variables should follow the paradigm of adding an assign hook using ParseVariableNum(), so there's no reason to expect we'd need this again later. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/17516.1485973973@sss.pgh.pa.us
2017-02-02doc: Add missing include in example codePeter Eisentraut
It's not broken because the header file is included via other headers, but for better style we should be more explicit. Reported-by: mthrockmorton@hme.com
2017-02-02doc: Document result set of CREATE_REPLICATION_SLOTPeter Eisentraut
From: Marko Tiikkaja <marko@joh.to>
2017-02-02pageinspect: Support hash indexes.Robert Haas
Patch by Jesper Pedersen and Ashutosh Sharma, with some error handling improvements by me. Tests from Peter Eisentraut. Reviewed by Álvaro Herrera, Michael Paquier, Jesper Pedersen, Jeff Janes, Peter Eisentraut, Amit Kapila, Mithun Cy, and me. Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/e2ac6c58-b93f-9dd9-f4e6-d6d30add7fdf@redhat.com
2017-02-01Don't count background workers against a user's connection limit.Andrew Dunstan
Doing so doesn't seem to be within the purpose of the per user connection limits, and has particularly unfortunate effects in conjunction with parallel queries. Backpatch to 9.6 where parallel queries were introduced. David Rowley, reviewed by Robert Haas and Albe Laurenz.
2017-02-01Improve psql's behavior for \set and \unset of its control variables.Tom Lane
This commit improves on the results of commit 511ae628f in two ways: 1. It restores the historical behavior that "\set FOO" is interpreted as setting FOO to "on", if FOO is a boolean control variable. We already found one test script that was expecting that behavior, and the psql documentation certainly does nothing to discourage people from assuming that would work, since it often says just "if FOO is set" when describing the effects of a boolean variable. However, now this case will result in actually setting FOO to "on", not an empty string. 2. It arranges for an "\unset" of a control variable to set the value back to its default value, rather than becoming apparently undefined. The control variables are also initialized that way at psql startup. In combination, these things guarantee that a control variable always has a displayable value that reflects what psql is actually doing. That is a pretty substantial usability improvement. The implementation involves adding a second type of variable hook function that is able to replace a proposed new value (including NULL) with another one. We could alternatively have complicated the API of the assign hook, but this way seems better since many variables can share the same substitution hook function. Also document the actual behavior of these variables more fully, including covering assorted behaviors that were there before but never documented. This patch also includes some minor cleanup that should have been in 511ae628f but was missed. Patch by me, but it owes a lot to discussions with Daniel Vérité. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/9572.1485821620@sss.pgh.pa.us
2017-01-30Invent pg_hba_file_rules view to show the content of pg_hba.conf.Tom Lane
This view is designed along the same lines as pg_file_settings, to wit it shows what is currently in the file, not what the postmaster has loaded as the active settings. That allows it to be used to pre-vet edits before issuing SIGHUP. As with the earlier view, go out of our way to allow errors in the file to be reflected in the view, to assist that use-case. (We might at some point invent a view to show the current active settings, but this is not that patch; and it's not trivial to do.) Haribabu Kommi, reviewed by Ashutosh Bapat, Michael Paquier, Simon Riggs, and myself Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJrrPGerH4jiwpcXT1-46QXUDmNp2QDrG9+-Tek_xC8APHShYw@mail.gmail.com
2017-01-30Make psql reject attempts to set special variables to invalid values.Tom Lane
Previously, if the user set a special variable such as ECHO to an unrecognized value, psql would bleat but store the new value anyway, and then fall back to a default setting for the behavior controlled by the variable. This was agreed to be a not particularly good idea. With this patch, invalid values result in an error message and no change in state. (But this applies only to variables that affect psql's behavior; purely informational variables such as ENCODING can still be set to random values.) To do this, modify the API for psql's assign-hook functions so that they can return an OK/not OK result, and give them the responsibility for printing error messages when they reject a value. Adjust the APIs for ParseVariableBool and ParseVariableNum to support the new behavior conveniently. In passing, document the variable VERSION, which had somehow escaped that. And improve the quite-inadequate commenting in psql/variables.c. Daniel Vérité, reviewed by Rahila Syed, some further tweaking by me Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7356e741-fa59-4146-a8eb-cf95fd6b21fb@mm
2017-01-26doc: Update privileges documentationPeter Eisentraut
The CREATE privilege on databases now also enables creating publications.
2017-01-25Fix typo: pg_statistics -> pg_statisticPeter Eisentraut
2017-01-25doc: Fix typoPeter Eisentraut
2017-01-25doc: Logical replication documentation improvementsPeter Eisentraut
From: Erik Rijkers <er@xs4all.nl>
2017-01-25doc: Fix typoPeter Eisentraut
2017-01-25Make UNKNOWN into an actual pseudo-type.Tom Lane
Previously, type "unknown" was labeled as a base type in pg_type, which perhaps had some sense to it because you were allowed to create tables with unknown-type columns. But now that we don't allow that, it makes more sense to label it a pseudo-type. This has the additional effects of forbidding use of "unknown" as a domain base type, cast source or target type, PL function argument or result type, or plpgsql local variable type; all of which seem like good holes to plug. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2L28uwwbL9HUM-WR=hromW1Cvamkn7O-g8fPY2m=_7muJ0oA@mail.gmail.com
2017-01-25Change unknown-type literals to type text in SELECT and RETURNING lists.Tom Lane
Previously, we left such literals alone if the query or subquery had no properties forcing a type decision to be made (such as an ORDER BY or DISTINCT clause using that output column). This meant that "unknown" could be an exposed output column type, which has never been a great idea because it could result in strange failures later on. For example, an outer query that tried to do any operations on an unknown-type subquery output would generally fail with some weird error like "failed to find conversion function from unknown to text" or "could not determine which collation to use for string comparison". Also, if the case occurred in a CREATE VIEW's query then the view would have an unknown-type column, causing similar failures in queries trying to use the view. To fix, at the tail end of parse analysis of a query, forcibly convert any remaining "unknown" literals in its SELECT or RETURNING list to type text. However, provide a switch to suppress that, and use it in the cases of SELECT inside a set operation or INSERT command. In those cases we already had type resolution rules that make use of context information from outside the subquery proper, and we don't want to change that behavior. Also, change creation of an unknown-type column in a relation from a warning to a hard error. The error should be unreachable now in CREATE VIEW or CREATE MATVIEW, but it's still possible to explicitly say "unknown" in CREATE TABLE or CREATE (composite) TYPE. We want to forbid that because it's nothing but a foot-gun. This change creates a pg_upgrade failure case: a matview that contains an unknown-type column can't be pg_upgraded, because reparsing the matview's defining query will now decide that the column is of type text, which doesn't match the cstring-like storage that the old materialized column would actually have. Add a checking pass to detect that. While at it, we can detect tables or composite types that would fail, essentially for free. Those would fail safely anyway later on, but we might as well fail earlier. This patch is by me, but it owes something to previous investigations by Rahila Syed. Also thanks to Ashutosh Bapat and Michael Paquier for review. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2L28uwwbL9HUM-WR=hromW1Cvamkn7O-g8fPY2m=_7muJ0oA@mail.gmail.com
2017-01-25doc: Update ALTER SEQUENCE documentation to matchPeter Eisentraut
Update documentation to match change in 0bc1207aeb3de951bf95a9e9899b1256216d65f5.
2017-01-24Allow password file name to be specified as a libpq connection parameter.Tom Lane
Formerly an alternate password file could only be selected via the environment variable PGPASSFILE; now it can also be selected via a new connection parameter "passfile", corresponding to the conventions for most other connection parameters. There was some concern about this creating a security weakness, but it was agreed that that argument was pretty thin, and there are clear use-cases for handling password files this way. Julian Markwort, reviewed by Fabien Coelho, some adjustments by me Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/a4b4f4f1-7b58-a0e8-5268-5f7db8e8ccaa@uni-muenster.de
2017-01-24Add a SHOW command to the replication command language.Robert Haas
This is useful infrastructure for an upcoming proposed patch to allow the WAL segment size to be changed at initdb time; tools like pg_basebackup need the ability to interrogate the server setting. But it also doesn't seem like a bad thing to have independently of that; it may find other uses in the future. Robert Haas and Beena Emerson. (The original patch here was by Beena, but I rewrote it to such a degree that most of the code being committed here is mine.) Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmobNo4qz06wHEmy9DszAre3dYx-WNhHSCbU9SAwf+9Ft6g@mail.gmail.com
2017-01-24Extend index AM API for parallel index scans.Robert Haas
This patch doesn't actually make any index AM parallel-aware, but it provides the necessary functions at the AM layer to do so. Rahila Syed, Amit Kapila, Robert Haas
2017-01-23Fix default minimum value for descending sequencesPeter Eisentraut
For some reason that is lost in history, a descending sequence would default its minimum value to -2^63+1 (-PG_INT64_MAX) instead of -2^63 (PG_INT64_MIN), even though explicitly specifying a minimum value of -2^63 would work. Fix this inconsistency by using the full range by default. Reported-by: Daniel Verite <daniel@manitou-mail.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
2017-01-20Allow backslash line continuations in pgbench's meta commands.Tom Lane
A pgbench meta command can now be continued onto additional line(s) of a script file by writing backslash-return. The continuation marker is equivalent to white space in that it separates tokens. Eventually it'd be nice to have the same thing in psql, but that will be a much larger project. Fabien Coelho, reviewed by Rafia Sabih Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/alpine.DEB.2.20.1610031049310.19411@lancre
2017-01-21Add description of temporary column into pg_replication_slots doc.Fujii Masao
Ayumi Ishii
2017-01-20Logical replicationPeter Eisentraut
- Add PUBLICATION catalogs and DDL - Add SUBSCRIPTION catalog and DDL - Define logical replication protocol and output plugin - Add logical replication workers From: Petr Jelinek <petr@2ndquadrant.com> Reviewed-by: Steve Singer <steve@ssinger.info> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Erik Rijkers <er@xs4all.nl> Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@2ndquadrant.com>
2017-01-18Doc: improve documentation of new SRF-in-tlist behavior.Tom Lane
Correct a misstatement about how things used to work: we did allow nested SRFs before, as long as no function had more than one set-returning input. Also, attempt to document the fact that the new implementation changes the behavior for SRFs within conditional constructs (eg CASE): the conditional construct no longer gates whether the SRF is run, and thus cannot affect the number of rows emitted. We might want to change this behavior, but first it behooves us to see if we can explain it. Minor other wordsmithing on what I wrote yesterday, too. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20170118214702.54b2mdbxce5piwv5@alap3.anarazel.de
2017-01-18Move targetlist SRF handling from expression evaluation to new executor node.Andres Freund
Evaluation of set returning functions (SRFs_ in the targetlist (like SELECT generate_series(1,5)) so far was done in the expression evaluation (i.e. ExecEvalExpr()) and projection (i.e. ExecProject/ExecTargetList) code. This meant that most executor nodes performing projection, and most expression evaluation functions, had to deal with the possibility that an evaluated expression could return a set of return values. That's bad because it leads to repeated code in a lot of places. It also, and that's my (Andres's) motivation, made it a lot harder to implement a more efficient way of doing expression evaluation. To fix this, introduce a new executor node (ProjectSet) that can evaluate targetlists containing one or more SRFs. To avoid the complexity of the old way of handling nested expressions returning sets (e.g. having to pass up ExprDoneCond, and dealing with arguments to functions returning sets etc.), those SRFs can only be at the top level of the node's targetlist. The planner makes sure (via split_pathtarget_at_srfs()) that SRF evaluation is only necessary in ProjectSet nodes and that SRFs are only present at the top level of the node's targetlist. If there are nested SRFs the planner creates multiple stacked ProjectSet nodes. The ProjectSet nodes always get input from an underlying node. We also discussed and prototyped evaluating targetlist SRFs using ROWS FROM(), but that turned out to be more complicated than we'd hoped. While moving SRF evaluation to ProjectSet would allow to retain the old "least common multiple" behavior when multiple SRFs are present in one targetlist (i.e. continue returning rows until all SRFs are at the end of their input at the same time), we decided to instead only return rows till all SRFs are exhausted, returning NULL for already exhausted ones. We deemed the previous behavior to be too confusing, unexpected and actually not particularly useful. As a side effect, the previously prohibited case of multiple set returning arguments to a function, is now allowed. Not because it's particularly desirable, but because it ends up working and there seems to be no argument for adding code to prohibit it. Currently the behavior for COALESCE and CASE containing SRFs has changed, returning multiple rows from the expression, even when the SRF containing "arm" of the expression is not evaluated. That's because the SRFs are evaluated in a separate ProjectSet node. As that's quite confusing, we're likely to instead prohibit SRFs in those places. But that's still being discussed, and the code would reside in places not touched here, so that's a task for later. There's a lot of, now superfluous, code dealing with set return expressions around. But as the changes to get rid of those are verbose largely boring, it seems better for readability to keep the cleanup as a separate commit. Author: Tom Lane and Andres Freund Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20160822214023.aaxz5l4igypowyri@alap3.anarazel.de
2017-01-18Implement array version of jsonb_delete and operatorMagnus Hagander
This makes it possible to delete multiple keys from a jsonb value by passing in an array of text values, which makes the operaiton much faster than individually deleting the keys (which would require copying the jsonb structure over and over again. Reviewed by Dmitry Dolgov and Michael Paquier
2017-01-18Add function to import operating system collationsPeter Eisentraut
Move this logic out of initdb into a user-callable function. This simplifies the code and makes it possible to update the standard collations later on if additional operating system collations appear. Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> Reviewed-by: Euler Taveira <euler@timbira.com.br>
2017-01-17doc: Update URL for Microsoft download sitePeter Eisentraut