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2016-04-10Add comment about intentional fallthrough in switch.Tom Lane
Coverity complained about an apparent missing "break" in a switch added by bb140506df605fab. The human-readable comments are pretty clear that this is intentional, but add a standard /* FALL THRU */ comment to make it clear to tools too.
2016-04-08Create default rolesStephen Frost
This creates an initial set of default roles which administrators may use to grant access to, historically, superuser-only functions. Using these roles instead of granting superuser access reduces the number of superuser roles required for a system. Documention for each of the default roles has been added to user-manag.sgml. Bump catversion to 201604082, as we had a commit that bumped it to 201604081 and another that set it back to 201604071... Reviews by José Luis Tallón and Robert Haas
2016-04-08Reserve the "pg_" namespace for rolesStephen Frost
This will prevent users from creating roles which begin with "pg_" and will check for those roles before allowing an upgrade using pg_upgrade. This will allow for default roles to be provided at initdb time. Reviews by José Luis Tallón and Robert Haas
2016-04-08Add the "snapshot too old" featureKevin Grittner
This feature is controlled by a new old_snapshot_threshold GUC. A value of -1 disables the feature, and that is the default. The value of 0 is just intended for testing. Above that it is the number of minutes a snapshot can reach before pruning and vacuum are allowed to remove dead tuples which the snapshot would otherwise protect. The xmin associated with a transaction ID does still protect dead tuples. A connection which is using an "old" snapshot does not get an error unless it accesses a page modified recently enough that it might not be able to produce accurate results. This is similar to the Oracle feature, and we use the same SQLSTATE and error message for compatibility.
2016-04-08Revert CREATE INDEX ... INCLUDING ...Teodor Sigaev
It's not ready yet, revert two commits 690c543550b0d2852060c18d270cdb534d339d9a - unstable test output 386e3d7609c49505e079c40c65919d99feb82505 - patch itself
2016-04-08Add combine functions for various floating-point aggregates.Robert Haas
This allows parallel aggregation to use them. It may seem surprising that we use float8_combine for both float4_accum and float8_accum transition functions, but that's because those functions differ only in the type of the non-transition-state argument. Haribabu Kommi, reviewed by David Rowley and Tomas Vondra
2016-04-08Restore original tsquery operation numbering.Teodor Sigaev
As noticed by Tom Lane changing operation's number in commit bb140506df605fab58f48926ee1db1f80bdafb59 causes on-disk format incompatibility. Revert to previous numbering, that is reason to add special array to store priorities of operation. Also it reverts order of tsquery to previous. Author: Dmitry Ivanov
2016-04-08CREATE INDEX ... INCLUDING (column[, ...])Teodor Sigaev
Now indexes (but only B-tree for now) can contain "extra" column(s) which doesn't participate in index structure, they are just stored in leaf tuples. It allows to use index only scan by using single index instead of two or more indexes. Author: Anastasia Lubennikova with minor editorializing by me Reviewers: David Rowley, Peter Geoghegan, Jeff Janes
2016-04-08Attempt to fix breakage due to declaration following code.Robert Haas
Per Tom Lane and the buildfarm.
2016-04-08Rename comparePos() to compareWordEntryPos()Teodor Sigaev
Rename comparePos() to compareWordEntryPos() to prevent export of too generic name. Per gripe from Tom Lane.
2016-04-08Use quicksort, not replacement selection, for external sorting.Robert Haas
We still use replacement selection for the first run of the sort only and only when the number of tuples is relatively small. Otherwise, the first run, and subsequent runs in all cases, are produced using quicksort. This tends to be faster except perhaps for very small amounts of working memory. Peter Geoghegan, reviewed by Tomas Vondra, Jeff Janes, Mithun Cy, Greg Stark, and me.
2016-04-08Use Foreign Key relationships to infer multi-column join selectivitySimon Riggs
In cases where joins use multiple columns we currently assess each join separately causing gross mis-estimates for join cardinality. This patch adds use of FK information for the first time into the planner. When FKs are present and we have multi-column join information, plan estimates will be drastically improved. Cases with multiple FKs are handled, though partial matches are ignored currently. Net effect is substantial performance improvements for joins in many common cases. Additional planning time is isolated to cases that are currently performing poorly, measured at 0.08 - 0.15 ms. Please watch for planner performance regressions; circumstances seem unlikely but the law of unintended consequences may apply somewhen. Additional complex tests welcome to prove this before release. Tests can be performed using SET enable_fkey_estimates = on | off using scripts provided during Hackers discussions, message id: 552335D9.3090707@2ndquadrant.com Authors: Tomas Vondra and David Rowley Reviewed and tested by Simon Riggs, adding comments only
2016-04-07Zeroing unused parts ducring tsquery construction.Teodor Sigaev
Per investigation failure skink buildfarm member and RANDOMIZE_ALLOCATED_MEMORY help
2016-04-07Phrase full text search.Teodor Sigaev
Patch introduces new text search operator (<-> or <DISTANCE>) into tsquery. On-disk and binary in/out format of tsquery are backward compatible. It has two side effect: - change order for tsquery, so, users, who has a btree index over tsquery, should reindex it - less number of parenthesis in tsquery output, and tsquery becomes more readable Authors: Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov, Dmitry Ivanov Reviewers: Alexander Korotkov, Artur Zakirov
2016-04-07Load FK defs into relcache for use by plannerSimon Riggs
Fastpath ignores this if no triggers defined. Author: Tomas Vondra, with fastpath and comments added by me Reviewers: David Rowley, Simon Riggs
2016-04-06Use GRANT system to manage access to sensitive functionsStephen Frost
Now that pg_dump will properly dump out any ACL changes made to functions which exist in pg_catalog, switch to using the GRANT system to manage access to those functions. This means removing 'if (!superuser()) ereport()' checks from the functions themselves and then REVOKEing EXECUTE right from 'public' for these functions in system_views.sql. Reviews by Alexander Korotkov, Jose Luis Tallon
2016-04-06In pg_dump, include pg_catalog and extension ACLs, if changedStephen Frost
Now that all of the infrastructure exists, add in the ability to dump out the ACLs of the objects inside of pg_catalog or the ACLs for objects which are members of extensions, but only if they have been changed from their original values. The original values are tracked in pg_init_privs. When pg_dump'ing 9.6-and-above databases, we will dump out the ACLs for all objects in pg_catalog and the ACLs for all extension members, where the ACL has been changed from the original value which was set during either initdb or CREATE EXTENSION. This should not change dumps against pre-9.6 databases. Reviews by Alexander Korotkov, Jose Luis Tallon
2016-04-06Add jsonb_insertTeodor Sigaev
It inserts a new value into an jsonb array at arbitrary position or a new key to jsonb object. Author: Dmitry Dolgov Reviewers: Petr Jelinek, Vitaly Burovoy, Andrew Dunstan
2016-04-06Support multiple synchronous standby servers.Fujii Masao
Previously synchronous replication offered only the ability to confirm that all changes made by a transaction had been transferred to at most one synchronous standby server. This commit extends synchronous replication so that it supports multiple synchronous standby servers. It enables users to consider one or more standby servers as synchronous, and increase the level of transaction durability by ensuring that transaction commits wait for replies from all of those synchronous standbys. Multiple synchronous standby servers are configured in synchronous_standby_names which is extended to support new syntax of 'num_sync ( standby_name [ , ... ] )', where num_sync specifies the number of synchronous standbys that transaction commits need to wait for replies from and standby_name is the name of a standby server. The syntax of 'standby_name [ , ... ]' which was used in 9.5 or before is also still supported. It's the same as new syntax with num_sync=1. This commit doesn't include "quorum commit" feature which was discussed in pgsql-hackers. Synchronous standbys are chosen based on their priorities. synchronous_standby_names determines the priority of each standby for being chosen as a synchronous standby. The standbys whose names appear earlier in the list are given higher priority and will be considered as synchronous. Other standby servers appearing later in this list represent potential synchronous standbys. The regression test for multiple synchronous standbys is not included in this commit. It should come later. Authors: Sawada Masahiko, Beena Emerson, Michael Paquier, Fujii Masao Reviewed-By: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Amit Kapila, Robert Haas, Simon Riggs, Amit Langote, Thomas Munro, Sameer Thakur, Suraj Kharage, Abhijit Menon-Sen, Rajeev Rastogi Many thanks to the various individuals who were involved in discussing and developing this feature.
2016-04-05Add parallel query support functions for assorted aggregates.Robert Haas
This lets us use parallel aggregate for a variety of useful cases that didn't work before, like sum(int8), sum(numeric), several versions of avg(), and various other functions. Add some regression tests, as well, testing the general sanity of these and future catalog entries. David Rowley, reviewed by Tomas Vondra, with a few further changes by me.
2016-04-04Disallow newlines in parameter values to be set in ALTER SYSTEM.Tom Lane
As noted by Julian Schauder in bug #14063, the configuration-file parser doesn't support embedded newlines in string literals. While there might someday be a good reason to remove that restriction, there doesn't seem to be one right now. However, ALTER SYSTEM SET could accept strings containing newlines, since many of the variable-specific value-checking routines would just see a newline as whitespace. This led to writing a postgresql.auto.conf file that was broken and had to be removed manually. Pending a reason to work harder, just throw an error if someone tries this. In passing, fix several places in the ALTER SYSTEM logic that failed to provide an errcode() for an ereport(), and thus would falsely log the failure as an internal XX000 error. Back-patch to 9.4 where ALTER SYSTEM was introduced.
2016-04-04Introduce a LOG_SERVER_ONLY ereport level, which is never sent to client.Tom Lane
This elevel is useful for logging audit messages and similar information that should not be passed to the client. It's equivalent to LOG in terms of decisions about logging priority in the postmaster log, but messages with this elevel will never be sent to the client. In the current implementation, it's just an alias for the longstanding COMMERROR elevel (or more accurately, we've made COMMERROR an alias for this). At some point it might be interesting to allow a LOG_ONLY flag to be attached to any elevel, but that would be considerably more complicated, and it's not clear there's enough use-cases to justify the extra work. For now, let's just take the easy 90% solution. David Steele, reviewed by Fabien Coelho, Petr Jelínek, and myself
2016-04-04Improve estimate of distinct values in estimate_num_groups().Dean Rasheed
When adjusting the estimate for the number of distinct values from a rel in a grouped query to take into account the selectivity of the rel's restrictions, use a formula that is less likely to produce under-estimates. The old formula simply multiplied the number of distinct values in the rel by the restriction selectivity, which would be correct if the restrictions were fully correlated with the grouping expressions, but can produce significant under-estimates in cases where they are not well correlated. The new formula is based on the random selection probability, and so assumes that the restrictions are not correlated with the grouping expressions. This is guaranteed to produce larger estimates, and of course risks over-estimating in cases where the restrictions are correlated, but that has less severe consequences than under-estimating, which might lead to a HashAgg that consumes an excessive amount of memory. This could possibly be improved upon in the future by identifying correlated restrictions and using a hybrid of the old and new formulae. Author: Tomas Vondra, with some hacking be me Reviewed-by: Mark Dilger, Alexander Korotkov, Dean Rasheed and Tom Lane Discussion: http://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/56CD0381.5060502@2ndquadrant.com
2016-04-01Copyedit comments and documentation.Noah Misch
2016-03-30Improve portability of I/O behavior for the geometric types.Tom Lane
Formerly, the geometric I/O routines such as box_in and point_out relied directly on strtod() and sprintf() for conversion of the float8 component values of their data types. However, the behavior of those functions is pretty platform-dependent, especially for edge-case values such as infinities and NaNs. This was exposed by commit acdf2a8b372aec1d, which added test cases involving boxes with infinity endpoints, and immediately failed on Windows and AIX buildfarm members. We solved these problems years ago in the main float8in and float8out functions, so let's fix it by making the geometric types use that code instead of depending directly on the platform-supplied functions. To do this, refactor the float8in code so that it can be used to parse just part of a string, and as a convenience make the guts of float8out usable without going through DirectFunctionCall. While at it, get rid of geo_ops.c's fairly shaky assumptions about the maximum output string length for a double, by having it build results in StringInfo buffers instead of fixed-length strings. In passing, convert all the "invalid input syntax for type foo" messages in this area of the code into "invalid input syntax for type %s" to reduce the number of distinct translatable strings, per recent discussion. We would have needed a fair number of the latter anyway for code-sharing reasons, so we might as well just go whole hog. Note: this patch is by no means intended to guarantee that the geometric types uniformly behave sanely for infinity or NaN component values. But any bugs we have in that line were there all along, they were just harder to reach in a platform-independent way.
2016-03-30Suppress uninitialized-variable warnings.Tom Lane
My compiler doesn't like the lack of initialization of "flag", and I think it's right: if there were zero keys we'd have an undefined result. The AND of zero items is TRUE, so initialize to TRUE.
2016-03-30Introduce SP-GiST operator class over box.Teodor Sigaev
Patch implements quad-tree over boxes, naive approach of 2D quad tree will not work for any non-point objects because splitting space on node is not efficient. The idea of pathc is treating 2D boxes as 4D points, so, object will not overlap (in 4D space). The performance tests reveal that this technique especially beneficial with too much overlapping objects, so called "spaghetti data". Author: Alexander Lebedev with editorization by Emre Hasegeli and me
2016-03-30Use traversalValue in SP-GiST range opclass.Teodor Sigaev
Author: Alexander Lebedev
2016-03-29Add new replication mode synchronous_commit = 'remote_apply'.Robert Haas
In this mode, the master waits for the transaction to be applied on the remote side, not just written to disk. That means that you can count on a transaction started on the standby to see all commits previously acknowledged by the master. To make this work, the standby sends a reply after replaying each commit record generated with synchronous_commit >= 'remote_apply'. This introduces a small inefficiency: the extra replies will be sent even by standbys that aren't the current synchronous standby. But previously-existing synchronous_commit levels make no attempt at all to optimize which replies are sent based on what the primary cares about, so this is no worse, and at least avoids any extra replies for people not using the feature at all. Thomas Munro, reviewed by Michael Paquier and by me. Some additional tweaks by me.
2016-03-29Fix interval_mul() to not produce insane results.Tom Lane
interval_mul() attempts to prevent its calculations from producing silly results, but it forgot that zero times infinity yields NaN in IEEE arithmetic. Hence, a case like '1 second'::interval * 'infinity'::float8 produced a NaN for the months product, which didn't trigger the range check, resulting in bogus and possibly platform-dependent output. This isn't terribly obvious to the naked eye because if you try that exact case, you get "interval out of range" which is what you expect --- but if you look closer, the error is coming from interval_out not interval_mul. interval_mul has allowed a bogus value into the system. Fix by adding isnan tests. Noted while testing Vitaly Burovoy's fix for infinity input to to_timestamp(). Given the lack of field complaints, I doubt this is worth a back-patch.
2016-03-29Allow to_timestamp(float8) to convert float infinity to timestamp infinity.Tom Lane
With the original SQL-function implementation, such cases failed because we don't support infinite intervals. Converting the function to C lets us bypass the interval representation, which should be a bit faster as well as more flexible. Vitaly Burovoy, reviewed by Anastasia Lubennikova
2016-03-28Document errhidecontext() where it ought to be documented.Tom Lane
Seems to have been missed when this function was added. Noted while looking at David Steele's proposal to add another similar function.
2016-03-28Reset plan->row_security_env and planUserIdStephen Frost
In the plancache, we check if the environment we planned the query under has changed in a way which requires us to re-plan, such as when the user for whom the plan was prepared changes and RLS is being used (and, therefore, there may be different policies to apply). Unfortunately, while those values were set and checked, they were not being reset when the query was re-planned and therefore, in cases where we change role, re-plan, and then change role again, we weren't re-planning again. This leads to potentially incorrect policies being applied in cases where role-specific policies are used and a given query is planned under one role and then executed under other roles, which could happen under security definer functions or when a common user and query is planned initially and then re-used across multiple SET ROLEs. Further, extensions which made use of CopyCachedPlan() may suffer from similar issues as the RLS-related fields were not properly copied as part of the plan and therefore RevalidateCachedQuery() would copy in the current settings without invalidating the query. Fix by using the same approach used for 'search_path', where we set the correct values in CompleteCachedPlan(), check them early on in RevalidateCachedQuery() and then properly reset them if re-planning. Also, copy through the values during CopyCachedPlan(). Pointed out by Ashutosh Bapat. Reviewed by Michael Paquier. Back-patch to 9.5 where RLS was introduced. Security: CVE-2016-2193
2016-03-28Code and docs review for commit 3187d6de0e5a9e805b27c48437897e8c39071d45.Tom Lane
Fix up check for high-bit-set characters, which provoked "comparison is always true due to limited range of data type" warnings on some compilers, and was unlike the way we do it elsewhere anyway. Fix omission of "$" from the set of valid identifier continuation characters. Get rid of sanitize_text(), which was utterly inconsistent with any other error report anywhere in the system, and wasn't even well designed on its own terms (double-quoting the result string without escaping contained double quotes doesn't seem very well thought out). Fix up error messages, which didn't follow the message style guidelines very well, and were overly specific in situations where the actual mistake might not be what they said. Improve documentation. (I started out just intending to fix the compiler warning, but the more I looked at the patch the less I liked it.)
2016-03-27Guard against zero vardata.rel->tuples in estimate_hash_bucketsize().Tom Lane
If the referenced rel was proven empty, we'd compute 0/0 here, which results in the function returning NaN. That's a bit more serious than the other zero-divide case. Still, it only seems to be possible in HEAD, so no back-patch. Per report from Piotr Stefaniak. I looked through the rest of selfuncs.c and found no other likely trouble spots.
2016-03-27Clamp adjusted ndistinct to positive integer in estimate_hash_bucketsize().Tom Lane
This avoids a possible divide-by-zero in the following calculation, and rounding the number to an integer seems like saner behavior anyway. Assuming IEEE math, the division would yield +Infinity which would get replaced by 1.0 at the bottom of the function, so nothing really interesting would ensue; but avoiding divide-by-zero seems like a good idea on general principles. Per report from Piotr Stefaniak. No back-patch since this seems mostly cosmetic.
2016-03-25Improve PL/Tcl errorCode facility by providing decoded name for SQLSTATE.Tom Lane
We don't really want to encourage people to write numeric SQLSTATEs in programs; that's unreadable and error-prone. Copy plpgsql's infrastructure for converting between SQLSTATEs and exception names shown in Appendix A, and modify examples in tests and documentation to do it that way.
2016-03-24Use correct GetDatum function.Robert Haas
Oops.
2016-03-23Support CREATE ACCESS METHODAlvaro Herrera
This enables external code to create access methods. This is useful so that extensions can add their own access methods which can be formally tracked for dependencies, so that DROP operates correctly. Also, having explicit support makes pg_dump work correctly. Currently only index AMs are supported, but we expect different types to be added in the future. Authors: Alexander Korotkov, Petr Jelínek Reviewed-By: Teodor Sigaev, Petr Jelínek, Jim Nasby Commitfest-URL: https://commitfest.postgresql.org/9/353/ Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAPpHfdsXwZmojm6Dx+TJnpYk27kT4o7Ri6X_4OSWcByu1Rm+VA@mail.gmail.com
2016-03-23Move keywords.c/kwlookup.c into src/common/.Tom Lane
Now that we have src/common/ for code shared between frontend and backend, we can get rid of (most of) the klugy ways that the keyword table and keyword lookup code were formerly shared between different uses. This is a first step towards a more general plan of getting rid of special-purpose kluges for sharing code in src/bin/. I chose to merge kwlookup.c back into keywords.c, as it once was, and always has been so far as keywords.h is concerned. We could have kept them separate, but there is noplace that uses ScanKeywordLookup without also wanting access to the backend's keyword list, so there seems little point. ecpg is still a bit weird, but at least now the trickiness is documented. I think that the MSVC build script should require no adjustments beyond what's done here ... but we'll soon find out.
2016-03-23Disable abbreviated keys for string-sorting in non-C locales.Robert Haas
Unfortunately, every version of glibc thus far tested has bugs whereby strcoll() ordering does not match strxfrm() ordering as required by the standard. This can result in, for example, corrupted indexes. Disabling abbreviated keys in these cases slows down non-C-collation string sorting considerably, but there seems to be no practical alternative. Users who are confident that their libc implementations are solid in this regard can re-enable the optimization by compiling with TRUST_STRXFRM. Users who have built indexes using PostgreSQL 9.5 or PostgreSQL 9.5.1 should REINDEX if there is a possibility that they may have been affected by this problem. Report by Marc-Olaf Jaschke. Investigation mostly by Tom Lane, with help from Peter Geoghegan, Noah Misch, Stephen Frost, and me. Patch by me, reviewed by Peter Geoghegan and Tom Lane.
2016-03-23Partition the freelist for shared dynahash tables.Robert Haas
Without this, contention on the freelist can become a pretty serious problem on large servers. Aleksander Alekseev, reviewed by Anastasia Lubennikova, Dilip Kumar, and me.
2016-03-23Code review for error reports in jsonb_set().Tom Lane
User-facing (even tested by regression tests) error conditions were thrown with elog(), hence had wrong SQLSTATE and were untranslatable. And the error message texts weren't up to project style, either.
2016-03-23Fix unsafe use of strtol() on a non-null-terminated Text datum.Tom Lane
jsonb_set() could produce wrong answers or incorrect error reports, or in the worst case even crash, when trying to convert a path-array element into an integer for use as an array subscript. Per report from Vitaly Burovoy. Back-patch to 9.5 where the faulty code was introduced (in commit c6947010ceb42143). Michael Paquier
2016-03-21Make max_parallel_degree PGC_USERSET.Robert Haas
It was intended to be this way all along, just like other planner GUCs such as work_mem. But I goofed.
2016-03-21Introduce WaitEventSet API.Andres Freund
Commit ac1d794 ("Make idle backends exit if the postmaster dies.") introduced a regression on, at least, large linux systems. Constantly adding the same postmaster_alive_fds to the OSs internal datastructures for implementing poll/select can cause significant contention; leading to a performance regression of nearly 3x in one example. This can be avoided by using e.g. linux' epoll, which avoids having to add/remove file descriptors to the wait datastructures at a high rate. Unfortunately the current latch interface makes it hard to allocate any persistent per-backend resources. Replace, with a backward compatibility layer, WaitLatchOrSocket with a new WaitEventSet API. Users can allocate such a Set across multiple calls, and add more than one file-descriptor to wait on. The latter has been added because there's upcoming postgres features where that will be helpful. In addition to the previously existing poll(2), select(2), WaitForMultipleObjects() implementations also provide an epoll_wait(2) based implementation to address the aforementioned performance problem. Epoll is only available on linux, but that is the most likely OS for machines large enough (four sockets) to reproduce the problem. To actually address the aforementioned regression, create and use a long-lived WaitEventSet for FE/BE communication. There are additional places that would benefit from a long-lived set, but that's a task for another day. Thanks to Amit Kapila, who helped make the windows code I blindly wrote actually work. Reported-By: Dmitry Vasilyev Discussion: CAB-SwXZh44_2ybvS5Z67p_CDz=XFn4hNAD=CnMEF+QqkXwFrGg@mail.gmail.com 20160114143931.GG10941@awork2.anarazel.de
2016-03-19Remove dependency on psed for MSVC builds.Andrew Dunstan
Modern Perl has removed psed from its core distribution, so it might not be readily available on some build platforms. We therefore replace its use with a Perl script generated by s2p, which is equivalent to the sed script. The latter is retained for non-MSVC builds to avoid creating a new hard dependency on Perl for non-Windows tarball builds. Backpatch to all live branches. Michael Paquier and me.
2016-03-18Merge wal_level "archive" and "hot_standby" into new name "replica"Peter Eisentraut
The distinction between "archive" and "hot_standby" existed only because at the time "hot_standby" was added, there was some uncertainty about stability. This is now a long time ago. We would like to move forward with simplifying the replication configuration, but this distinction is in the way, because a primary server cannot tell (without asking a standby or predicting the future) which one of these would be the appropriate level. Pick a new name for the combined setting to make it clearer that it covers all (non-logical) backup and replication uses. The old values are still accepted but are converted internally. Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: David Steele <david@pgmasters.net>
2016-03-18Use INT64_FORMAT instead of %ld for int64.Robert Haas
Commit 0011c0091e886b874e485a46ff2c94222ffbf550 introduced this mistake. Patch by me. Reported by Andres Freund, who also reviewed the patch.
2016-03-18Introduce parse_ident()Teodor Sigaev
SQL-layer function to split qualified identifier into array parts. Author: Pavel Stehule with minor editorization by me and Jim Nasby