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<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-2">
<title>Breakpoints commands of µCsim</title>
</head>
<body style=" background-color: white;">
<!-- BREAKPOINTS -->
<h2>Commands of <i>µCsim</i> to manage breakpoints</h2>
Two kind of breakpoint can be used: fetch and event breakpoint. <b>Fetch</b>
breakpoints are classical breakpoints. They can be placed at any instruction
in the code memory. Breakpoint will be hit if CPU fetches instruction code
from the memory location specified by the breakpoint. Only fetching of first
byte of the instruction hits the breakpoint. If the execution reaches a
breakpoint it stops <i>before</i> the instruction at location specified by
the breakpoint would be executed.
<p><b>Event</b> breakpoints are special ones. They cause stop of execution
if event specified by the breakpoint occurs. Event can be a read or a
write operation on any address space location. Event breakpoint stops
execution <i>after</i> specified event occurred. </p>
<p>Every breakpoint can be <b>fix</b> (permanent) or <b>dynamic</b>
(temporary). Dynamic breakpoints are automatically removed when they
reached. Some commands place dynamic fetch breakpoints into the code, for
example <a href="#g"><b>go</b></a> or <a href="#n"><b>next</b></a>. </p>
<p>A <b>hit number</b> can be associated to any breakpoint. This hit number
specifies how many times the breakpoint must be hit before it causes the
execution to stop. This hit number is 1 by default. </p>
<hr>
<!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="break">
<h3>break <i>addr [hit] [if expression]</i> <br>
break <i>memory_type r|w addr [hit] [if expression]<br>
</i></h3>
</a>
<a name="tbreak">
<h3>tbreak<i> addr [hit] [if expression]</i> <br>
tbreak <i>memory_type r|w addr [hit] [if expression]<br>
</i></h3>
</a>
Set fetch or event breakpoint. The command specifies if the breakpoint
will be fix (<b>break</b>) or dynamic (temporary) (<b>tbreak</b>).
<p>Fetch or event breakpoint can be defined. First form defines fetch while
second form defines event breakpoint. </p>
<dl>
<dt>Fetch breakpoint </dt>
<dd>First parameter specifies address where the breakpoint must
be placed to. It should be address of an instruction. If a
variable is used here, it must point to an address space
location, otherwise an event breakpoint is created.
<br>
Second parameter is optional and it specifies the hit number. It is 1 by
default. </dd>
<dt>Event breakpoint </dt>
<dd>First parameter specifies class name of memory where we are going to
watch for en event. Class names of memories can be checked by <a href="cmd_general.html#info_memory">info
memory</a> command. <br>
Second parameter specifies the event. It can be <b>r</b> to specify <b>read</b>
operation or <b>w</b> which means <b>write</b> operation. <br>
Remaining parameters are address of watched memory location and an
optional hit number (1 by default). </dd>
</dl>
Last parameter can be the <b>if</b> keyword, followed by an
expression. If it is specified, the expression is evaluated at
every breakpoint hit and the breakpoint will be accepted only when
the expression evaluates to TRUE.
<pre>$ <font color="#118811">ucsim_51 remoansi.hex</font>
ucsim 0.2.24, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt.
ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
58659 bytes read from remoansi.hex
> <font color="#118811">dc 0 0x10</font>
000000 02 01 60 LJMP 0160
* 000003 02 00 3c LJMP 003c
* 000006 ff MOV R7,A
* 000007 ff MOV R7,A
* 000008 ff MOV R7,A
* 000009 ff MOV R7,A
* 00000a ff MOV R7,A
* 00000b 02 3b e0 LJMP 3be0
* 00000e ff MOV R7,A
* 00000f ff MOV R7,A
* 000010 ff MOV R7,A
> <font color="#118811">break 0x160</font>
Breakpoint 1 at 0x000160: CLR P1.0
> <font color="#118811">tbreak 8 2</font>
Breakpoint 2 at 0x000008: MOV R7,A
> <font color="#118811">g</font>
Simulation started, PC=0x000000
Stop at 000160: (4) Breakpoint
F 000160
> </pre>
Breakpoint hits can be made more noticeable by printing a beep character on
the console. This function can be turned on by <a href="cmd_general.html#set_option">setting
the option</a> <b>beep_break</b> (FALSE by default).<br>
<hr>
<!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="clear">
<h3>clear <i>[addr...]</i></h3>
</a>
Delete fetch breakpoint. Parameter specifies address of breakpoint. If
there is no breakpoint specified at given address this command prints out a
warning message.
<p>If parameter is not given then breakpoint at current PC will be deleted
if it exists. If more than one address is specified then all breakpoints
at specified addresses will be deleted. </p>
<pre>> <font color="#118811">i b</font>
Num Type Disp Hit Cnt Address What
1 fetch keep 1 1 0x000160 CLR P1.0
2 fetch del 1 1 0x000180 LJMP 022a
1 event keep 1 1 0x000006 wi
> <font color="#118811">clear 160</font>
No breakpoint at 0000a0
> <font color="#118811">clear 0x160</font>
> <font color="#118811">i b</font>
Num Type Disp Hit Cnt Address What
2 fetch del 1 1 0x000180 LJMP 022a
1 event keep 1 1 0x000006 wi
> </pre>
<hr>
<!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="delete">
<h3>delete <i>[number...]</i></h3>
</a>
Delete breakpoint(s) by its number.
<p>If parameter is not used then all breakpoints are deleted. </p>
<hr>
<!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="commands">
<h3>commands <i>breakpoint-nr [script]</i></h3>
</a>
<p>Attach a script to a breakpoint. Breakpoint number can
be omitted if only one breakpoint exists. Breakpoint numbers can be
checked by <a href="cmd_general.html#info_breakpoints">info
breakpoint</a> command. Script is command or a list of
commands separated by ; character. It will be executed when the
specified breakpoint is accepted. Whether the text of the script
is printed before execution is controlled by the option <b>echo_script</b>, which is FALSE by
default. See <a href="cmd_general.html#set_option">set option</a> command
how to set it. If script is not used, breakpoint command will be
deleted from the specified breakpoint.
</p>
<hr>
<!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="display">
<h3>display <i>[[/format] expr]</i></h3>
</a>
Set expression to be displayed when simulation stops on a
breakpoint.
<p><i>/format</i> option can be used to specify print format for the
expression. For meaning of the options, see <a href="cmd_general.html#expression">expression</a> command.</p>
<p>If no <i>expr</i> argument is given, all defined expressions
are listed and evaluated and values are printed.</p>
<pre>0> <font color="#118811">disp R7</font>
0> <font color="#118811">disp ACC</font>
0> <font color="#118811">b 0x10</font>
Breakpoint 1 at 0x000010 (cond="")
0x0010 F? ff MOV R7,A
0> <font color="#118811">display</font>
1: R7 = 107
2: ACC = 0
0> <font color="#118811">run</font>
Simulation started, PC=0x000000
Stop at 0x000010: (104) Breakpoint
R0 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7
41 58 fc c9 8b bc 95 00
@R0 76 v ACC= 0x00 0 . B= 0x00
@R1 73 s PSW= 0x00 CY=0 AC=0 OV=0 P=0
SP 0x07 -> 00 95 bc 8b c9 fc 58 41
DPTR= 0x0000 @DPTR= 0x83 131 .
0x0010 F ff MOV R7,A
F 0x000010
Simulated 192 ticks (1.736e-05 sec)
Host usage: 0.007306 sec, rate=0.002376
1: R7 = 0
2: ACC = 0
0>
</pre>
<hr>
<!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="undisplay">
<h3>undisplay <i>[nr]</i></h3>
</a>
Remove selected, or all (if no <i>nr</i> argument is specified)
expression from display list. To check out id number of an
expression, use <a href="#display">display</a> command without arguments.
<hr>
</body>
</html>
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